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Vocabulary:



Nocturnal animals are animals that sleep during the day and are active at night.



Nocturnal is an adjective that means done, occurring, or active at night.



A motif is a repeated pattern—an image, sound, word, or symbol that comes back again and again within a particular story.



A night owl is a person who is habitually active or wakeful at night.



Vertebrae are the small circular bones that form the spine of a human being or animal.



Nature refers to the innate or essential qualities or character of a person or animal.

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Vocabulary:



Craftsmanship means skill in a particular craft.



A craft is an activity that involves skill in making things by hand.



The Industrial Revolution was a period of great scientific and technological development that began in Great Britain in the 18th Century, with one of its defining characteristics being the transition from creating goods by hand to creating goods with the use of machines.



A precursor is a person or thing that comes before another of the same kind.



A withy pot is a type of trap made from willow sticks and used for catching crabs and lobsters.



Extinction is the state of being no longer in existence.

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Vocabulary:



The Grim Reaper refers to a personification of death in the form of a cloaked skeleton wielding a large scythe.



A side effect is any effect of a drug, chemical, or other medicine that is in addition to its intended effect, especially an effect that is harmful or unpleasant.



A dose is a quantity of a medicine or drug taken or recommended to be taken at a particular time.



The word tolerance refers to a reduced response or diminished sensitivity to a particular substance or stimulus over time, often requiring increased amounts or intensity to achieve the same effects or sensations as initially experienced.



The verb opt means to make a choice from a range of possibilities.

A stimulant is a substance that raises levels of physiological or nervous activity in the body.

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Vocabulary:



A siesta is an afternoon rest or nap, especially one taken during the hottest hours of the day in a hot climate.



Dawn is the first appearance of light in the sky before sunrise.



The phrase "to make ends meet" means to earn just enough money to live on.



A stereotype is a widely held but fixed and oversimplified image or idea of a particular type of person or thing.



A power nap is a short sleep taken during the working day in order to restore one's mental alertness.



Groggy means dazed, weak, or unsteady, especially from illness, intoxication, sleep, or a blow.

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Vocabulary:



If you rebrand a product or organisation it means you present it to the public in a new way (e.g. by changing its name or appearance).



A sanction is an official order that limits trade, contact, etc. with a particular country, in order to make it do something, such as obeying international law.



The adjective copycat means copied from someone else's product, design, etc. 



If you pledge to do something, you promise in a serious way to do it.



A profiteer is an individual or an organisation that takes advantage of a situation in which other people are suffering, to make a profit.



When an organisation is unable to honour its financial obligations or make payment to its creditors, it files for bankruptcy.

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Vocabulary:



Pagpag is the Tagalog term for leftover food from restaurants scavenged from dumps or other waste facilities.



A slum is a highly populated urban residential area consisting of densely packed housing units of weak build quality and often associated with poverty.



A resident is a person who lives somewhere permanently or on a long-term basis.



Being meticulous means showing great attention to detail; very careful and precise.



Foolproof means incapable of going wrong or being misused.



Food poverty is the condition of not having access to sufficient food, or food of adequate quality, to meet one's basic needs.