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For details on the podcast, go to 247muscle.com!
In this science podcast, your host (Dr. Jan-Frieder Harmsen) interviews scientists, coaches and other practitioners in the field of chronobiology, circadian rhythm, skeletal muscle physiology, exercise performance and sleep. The podcast aims to provide translational knowledge from research findings for students, researchers and the generally interested public.

247MUSCLE Jan-Frieder Harmsen

    • Gesundheit und Fitness

For details on the podcast, go to 247muscle.com!
In this science podcast, your host (Dr. Jan-Frieder Harmsen) interviews scientists, coaches and other practitioners in the field of chronobiology, circadian rhythm, skeletal muscle physiology, exercise performance and sleep. The podcast aims to provide translational knowledge from research findings for students, researchers and the generally interested public.

    E20 - Part 2: Fundamentals of cellular timekeeping with John O'Neill

    E20 - Part 2: Fundamentals of cellular timekeeping with John O'Neill

    Along the ERATO UK - Japan Joint Symposium on Circadian rhythms & Sleep 2024 at the University of Oxford, Dr. John O'Neill (MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge) was interviewed to discuss his research on the fundamentals of cellular timekeeping. In this second part, John provides deep insights from his recent study on how the timing of food intake mechanistically modifies circadian clocks in cells and animals. He explains the research journey of how his group identified systemic time cues associated with food intake. John highlights the indispensable role of the vital protein kinase called mTOR for the cell to process the timing of food intake. Lastly, we discuss how the mechanistic knowledge from John's research might translate to practical eating strategies for shiftwork and jetlag.



    More information about the ERATO UK - Japan Joint Symposium: https://sys-pharm.m.u-tokyo.ac.jp/erato-uk/



    Chapters:

    (0:00:11) Intro

    (0:02:23) Food-entrainable oscillator?

    (0:06:06) How insulin emerged as a suspect

    (0:08:38) Food timing entrains all cell clocks except for the
    SCN

    (0:10:32) What other candidates than insulin were
    considered?

    (0:12:29) How insulin modifies clocks

    (0:16:35) Insulin action in vitro vs. in vivo

    (0:25:07) Why the SCN remains mostly irresponsive to food
    timing

    (0:31:13) How conflicting time cues impair circadian
    organization

    (0:34:38) What about skipping breakfast?

    (0:39:07) The role of meal frequency and snacking

    (0:42:39) Combining time cues to support health

    (0:45:37) The role of mTor in daily cellular timekeeping

    (0:48:33) Translational perspective on shift work

    (0:55:15) John’s recommendations to reduce jetlag

    (0:58:05) John’s perspective on the ERATO symposium

    (1:01:20) John’s future research

    (1:05:20) John’s career ambitions

    (1:08:01) Funny anecdote

    (1:12:09) Outro

    • 1 Std. 14 Min.
    E19 - Part 1: Fundamentals of cellular timekeeping with John O'Neill

    E19 - Part 1: Fundamentals of cellular timekeeping with John O'Neill

    From the 11th to the 13th of March 2024, the 247Muscle podcast has been invited to cover the ERATO UK - Japan Joint Symposium on Circadian rhythms & Sleep, which takes place at the University of Oxford. The symposium aims to promote research exchange and collaboration in the fields of sleep and circadian clocks between the UK and Japan. Prior to the symposium, one of the speakers, Dr. John O'Neill (MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge), discussed his research focusing on the fundamentals of cellular timekeeping. In this first part, John explains the advantages of cells as a model to study circadian rhythms. He provides evidence of why we might consider questioning the current paradigm of how cells keep time, since his group for example demonstrated that even cells without nuclei show circadian rhythms. We further highlight a fascinating study in fibroblasts showing that wounds heal much faster when inflicted during the day vs. night. Lastly, John shares his knowledge of the vital protein kinase called mTOR, and its role in daily physiology.


    More information about the ERATO UK - Japan Joint Symposium: https://sys-pharm.m.u-tokyo.ac.jp/erato-uk/



    Chapters:

    (0:00:28) Introducing ERATO UK/Japan Joint
    Symposium

    (0:03:15) This episode’s guest and content

    (0:05:43) Dr. John O’Neill introduces himself

    (0:07:46) Advantages of cells as a model to study
    circadian rhythms

    (0:11:11) Challenging our current understanding
    on how cells keep time

    (0:18:47) How do known time cues translate into
    cellular signals?

    (0:26:23) Almost or all cells in the human body
    have a clock?

    (0:29:01) Day-night rhythms in wound healing

    (0:37:02) mTOR’s role in physiology

    (0:43:23) Activators and inhibitors of mTOR

    (0:45:41) Daily and intrinsic rhythms in mTOR’s
    activity

    (0:46:49) Outro

    • 49 Min.
    E18 - Part 2: Daylight vs. electric light for health with Russell Foster

    E18 - Part 2: Daylight vs. electric light for health with Russell Foster

    In the second part with Prof. Russell Foster (Head of the Nuffield Laboratory of Ophthalmology, and Director of the Sleep and Circadian Neuroscience Institute at the University of Oxford), contributing to the Daylight Awareness Week (13-17th of November 2023), we continue our discussion around the differential impact of daylight and electric light on health. We provide a historical perspective about human inventions that aimed to end the dependency on daylight - from fire to electric lighting. Prof. Foster further shares practical recommendations on how daylight and electric light can support health and well-being. Lastly, he gives an outlook on where the research around lighting and health is heading to in the future.

    More information about the Daylight Awareness Week: ⁠https://daylight.academy/daylight-awareness-week-2023/



    Chapters:

    (0:00:00) Intro & Recap of Part 1

    (0:02:36) History of inventing fire & candles

    (0:08:22) Rise of electric light & disruption

    (0:15:15) Sensitivity to light at night

    (0:22:03) Dominance of LEDs nowadays

    (0:23:07) Interim conclusion

    (0:27:18) Practical recommendations for evening lighting

    (0:30:37) Architectural dilemma with daylight

    (0:33:12) Early birds vs. Night owls

    (0:37:35) Jet lag

    (0:40:10) Drug development for blind people

    (0:42:11) Mimick seasonal changes in daylight

    (0:45:29) Russell’s personal outlook

    (0:55:02) Funny anecdotes

    (0:59:26) Outro

    • 1 Std. 1 Min.
    E17 - Part 1: Daylight vs. electric light for health with Russell Foster

    E17 - Part 1: Daylight vs. electric light for health with Russell Foster

    As part of the Daylight Awareness Week (13-17th of November 2023), Prof. Russell Foster (Head of the Nuffield Laboratory of Ophthalmology, and Director of the Sleep and Circadian Neuroscience Institute at the University of Oxford) talks about the differential impact of daylight and electric light on health. In the first part, we cover the basics of how daylight has shaped life on Earth and how it changes over the course of a 24-hour day. Prof. Foster further explains how light sets our inner time, the so-called circadian clock, and how light can influence sleep, alertness, cognitive performance, cardiovascular and metabolic health.

    More information about the Daylight Awareness Week: https://daylight.academy/daylight-awareness-week-2023/



    Chapters:

    (0:00:00) Intro & Daylight Awareness Week

    (0:02:20) Topics of this episode series

    (0:04:34) Introducing Russell Foster

    (0:11:22) Evolution through daylight

    (0:16:38) Physical properties of light

    (0:26:02) Discovery of how light sets the circadian clock

    (0:37:01) Central & peripheral clocks

    (0:41:00) Melatonin is the darkness hormone

    (0:48:05) Physiological modulation by light

    (0:53:05) Outro & Teaser to Part 2

    • 55 Min.
    E16 - Part 2: Pre-sleep protein after exercise with Jorn Trommelen

    E16 - Part 2: Pre-sleep protein after exercise with Jorn Trommelen

    In the second part with Dr. Jorn Trommelen (Assistant Professor, Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University, The Netherlands), we talk about Jorn's recent study on pre-sleep protein ingestion after acute endurance exercise to stimulate muscle protein synthesis. Jorn explains how these findings from acute studies relate to boosting long-term gains in strength, hypertrophy and endurance performance in response to regular pre-sleep protein ingestion. Based on his studies, Jorn shares his view on practical recommendations for pre-sleep protein in endurance- and resistance-training types of sports.

    • 50 Min.
    E15 - Part 1: Pre-sleep protein after exercise with Jorn Trommelen

    E15 - Part 1: Pre-sleep protein after exercise with Jorn Trommelen

    Dr. Jorn Trommelen (Assistant Professor, Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University, The Netherlands) talks about his research on pre-sleep protein ingestion after exercise to stimulate muscle protein synthesis. In the first part, we discuss the different forms of proteins and how endurance vs. resistance training differ in their post-exercise protein demand. Jorn further explains why the sleeping period is actually not so different from the awake period with respect to protein needs. We also dive into the details of the main methodological approaches used in Jorn's group to assess muscle protein synthesis.

    • 47 Min.

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