Stendhal’s Red and Black (Le Rouge et le Noir) - Phi Fic Ep. 46 Phi Fic

One of Nietzsche’s favorite novels, Le Rouge et le Noir contains some of the most profound psychological analysis in all of fiction.  The novel tells the story about a young man from a modest background who seeks a glorious career, but ends up in enormous trouble as a result of his love affairs.  The novel is divided into halves, with the first half being about a job where he ended up having affair with his boss’s wife, and the second half being about another job where he has a passionate romance with his boss’s daughter (all hell breaks loose at the end).  The setting is France in 1830 right as the restoration monarchy is losing its grip on power to the rising bourgeoisie, and the writing seethes with pent-up energy. 
Fabrice, Nina, Rob, and myself, Daniel, investigate what this novel has to say to us today with a focus on how Stendhal’s ethical beliefs are similar to and yet quite different from Nietzsche’s.  Though written before Nietzsche’s works, in some ways the novel seems to present a sort of deconstruction of Nietzsche’s binaries of weak vs. strong, master vs. slave, etc. – to the point where one wonders what Nietzsche thought of all of this (his own remarks on the novel are incredibly cryptic). 
Though the title is usually translated as The Red and the Black, we read a new translation of the novel that renders the title more simply as Red and Black.  In this episode, we took the opportunity to have an interview with the translator, Raymond MacKenzie.  Having sampled just about every major translation of the novel written in the last hundred years or so, I believe that MacKenzie's translation does the best job at balancing fidelity to the original French with maintaining a strong sense of style in English.
Below are the start times for the show’s three segments.  While a synopsis is provided in the audio, the synopsis also appears in the text below in case that is more convenient.    
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Start times of segments:
0:49 – Synopsis and historical background
8:48 – Interview with the translator Raymond MacKenzie
42:15 – Discussion among Fabrice, Nina, Rob, and myself (Daniel)
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Synopsis:
The novel is divided into halves that are referred to as different “books.”  Book One opens in the fictional town of Verrières in eastern France.  This is the home of our protagonist, Julien Sorel, who’s a sensitive intellectual young man in his late teens.  Julien’s father looks down on him because he’s not very good at physical work, and his brothers beat him up, so he is looking to get away somehow.
Julien starts studying to join the clergy under the instruction of a local priest named Father Chelan.  Even though Julien is studying to become a priest, he’s actually a hypocrite who’s joining the clergy just to advance his place in the world.  In fact, Julien isn’t really religious at all, and instead believes in the ideals of the French revolution and views Napoleon as his hero. 
Julien finally manages to get away from his family when he gets hired by a local aristocrat named Monsieur de Rênal, who’s the mayor of the town of Verrières.  The job is tutoring the mayor’s children, and it requires Julien to live with the de Rênal family at their house.  Once Julien is living with the de Rênals, the mayor’s wife, Madame de Rênal, immediately takes a liking to him.  Even though she’s about 30 years old, she has never really experienced love and doesn’t understand what it is.  Julien eventually begins to make advances on her, but initially it’s not even because he really likes her; it’s because he feels like it’s somehow his quote “duty” as a lower class person to seduce an aristocratic lady like her.  After he sees how much she loves him, though, he eventually falls in love with her for real. 
The de Rênal family end up taking a trip to their country home for the spring where Julien and Madame de Rênal spend the season t