Enter the Rabbit Hole Enter the Rabbit Hole

This week on Enter the Rabbit Hole, Will and Alisha are taking a bite out of crime... statistics and prevention. We answer burning questions like: Why are there so many incarcerated people in the US prison system? How can we lower recidivism rates? And why do Norway's prisons look like a vacation resort that I can't afford? Join us as we take a deep dive into the prison system and how we can possibly make it better.
 
Sources:
Websites:
Highest to Lowest - Prison Population Total
https://www.prisonstudies.org/highest-to-lowest/prison-population-total?field_region_taxonomy_tid=All
Articles:
SC has one of the lowest recidivism rates in country, new survey shows. Here's why (Emily Bohatch, The State, Jul 2021)
https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/crime/sc-has-one-of-the-lowest-recidivism-rates-in-country-new-survey-shows-heres-why/ar-AAM7dtn
A systematic review of criminal recidivism rates worldwide: 3-year update (Denis Yukhnenko, Shivpriya Sridhar, Seena Fazel, Nov 2020)
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6743246/
How Norway Is Teaching America To Make Its Prisons More Humane (Laura Paddison, Huff Post, Aug 2019)
https://www.huffpost.com/entry/norway-american-prison-system-reform_n_5d5ab979e4b0eb875f270db1
How Norway turns criminals into good neighbours (BBC News, July 2019)
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/stories-48885846
In Icelandic prisons, the cells are open and inmates do the weekly food shop (Francis Pakes, The Independent, Nov 2018)
https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/i-deliberately-sent-myself-to-prison-in-iceland-they-didn-t-even-lock-the-cell-doors-there-a8622216.html
I toured prisons around the world — and the system that seems the most relaxed is also one that works (Baz Dreisinger, Business Insider, Jul 2018)
https://www.businessinsider.com/norways-prisons-are-better-than-the-american-prisons-2018-6?op=1
These Programs Are Helping Fix A Broken U.S. Prison System (Robbie Crouch, Huff Post, Dec 2017)
https://www.huffpost.com/entry/recidivism-programs-prison_n_6655392
Not the worst, but not Norway: US prisons vs. other models (Christopher Zoukis, Huff Post, Sep 2017)
https://www.huffpost.com/entry/not-the-worst-but-not-norway-us-prisons-vs-other_b_59b0772ae4b0c50640cd646d
39% of Prisoners Should Not Be in Prison (Lauren-Brooke Eisen and Inimai Chettiar, Time Magazine, Brennan Center for Justice at NYU, Dec 2016)
https://time.com/4596081/incarceration-report/
World Prison Population List|Eleventh Edition (US Dept of Justice, 2015)
https://nicic.gov/world-prison-population-listeleventh-edition
6 Reasons Why Prison Is Better In Europe Than America (Erin Fuchs, Business Insider, May 2014)
https://www.businessinsider.com.au/vera-institute-european-american-prison-report-2014-5
Top 10 Modern Prison Programs (rushfan, Listverse, Aug 2008)
https://listverse.com/2008/08/14/top-10-modern-prison-programs/
If Prisons Don’t Work, What Will? (Emily Bazelon, New York Times, April 2019)
https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/05/opinion/mass-incarceration-sentencing-reform.html
The Hidden Cost of Incarceration (Beatrix Lockwood and Nicole Lewis, The Marshall Project, Dec 2019)
https://www.themarshallproject.org/2019/12/17/the-hidden-cost-of-incarceration
Mass Incarceration: The Whole Pie 2020 (Wendy Sawyer and Peter Wagner, Prison Policy, March 2020)
https://www.prisonpolicy.org/reports/pie2020.html 
‘I Had Nothing’: How Parole Perpetuates a Cycle of Incarceration and Instability (Raven Rakia, The Appeal, Apr 2019)
https://theappeal.org/how-parole-perpetuates-a-cycle-of-incarceration-and-instability/ 
The Purgatory of Parole Incarcerations During the Coronavirus Crisis (Jennifer Gonnerman, The New Yorker, Apr 2020)
https://www.newyorker.com/news/news-desk/the-purgatory-of-parole-incarcerations-during-the-coronavirus-crisis
Time Served in State Prison, 2016 (Danielle Kaeble, US Department of Justice, Nov 2018)
https://bjs.ojp.gov/content/pub/pdf/tssp16.pdf
50-State Comparison: Expungement, Sealing & Other Record Relief (Res

What do Andy Warhol and JFK have in common? They both spent a long time gawking at Marilyn Monroe. And what's more: both of them had people who wanted 'em dead! Join Alisha and Will as we talk about some of history's biggest #assassinfails. We've got it all: radical manifestos; Nazis ; toilet snipers ; Nazis; septuagenarian bombers; and of course, Nazis! So come with us as we once again Enter the Rabbit Hole...
 
Sources:
Richard Paul Pavlick
Richard Paul Pavlick (Wikipedia)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Paul_Pavlick
The Person Who Tried to Kill Kennedy First (Lily Rothman, Time, Dec 2015)
https://time.com/4141628/richard-pavlick-kennedy-assassination/
Years ago, the Belmont postmaster delivered (Ray Duckler, The Concord Monitor, Sep 2013)
https://www.concordmonitor.com/Archive/2013/09/jfk-cm-092713
The Kennedy Assassin Who Failed (Dan Lewis, Smithsonian Magazine, Dec 6, 2012)
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/the-kennedy-assassin-who-failed-153519612/
Richard Pavlick, 88, accused of JFK threat (The Boston Globe, Nov 1975)
https://www.newspapers.com/clip/55122279/richard-pavlick-88-accused-of-jfk/
 
Valierie Solanas
https://www.biography.com/news/andy-warhol-valerie-solanas-shot
http://kunsthallezurich.ch/sites/default/files/scum_manifesto.pdf
https://www.history.com/news/andy-warhol-shot-valerie-solanas-the-factory
https://faroutmagazine.co.uk/valerie-solanas-assassination-attempt-on-andy-warhol/
https://www.biography.com/artist/andy-warhol
https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2020/06/08/untangling-andy-warhol
 
Mossad and the Nazis
Not Just Mengele | The Mossad’s Botched Assassination Attempts on Nazi War Criminals (Ofer Aderet, Haaretz, Sep. 2017)
https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/.premium-the-mossads-botched-assassination-attempts-on-nazi-war-criminals-1.5449633
Why the Mossad failed to capture or kill so many fugitive Nazis (Yossi Melman and
Dan Raviv, Washington Post, Sep. 2017)
https://www.washingtonpost.com/outlook/why-the-mossad-failed-to-capture-or-kill-so-many-fugitive-nazis/2017/09/22/e74b964c-9e30-11e7-9c8d-cf053ff30921_story.html
The truth about the Mossad (Ian Black, The Guardian, Feb 2010)
https://www.theguardian.com/world/2010/feb/19/ian-black-mossad-dubai
The Daring Israeli Spy Operation to Capture Nazi Mass Murderer Adolf Eichmann (Erin Blakemore, History.com, May 2019)
https://www.history.com/news/adolf-eichmann-nazi-capture-holocaust-trial-mossad
How a famous former Nazi officer became a hitman for Israel (Chris Woolf, The World, Mar 2016)
https://theworld.org/stories/2016-03-30/how-famous-former-nazi-officer-became-hitman-israel
 
Queen Elizabeth II
What is Trooping the Colour? (royal.uk)
https://www.royal.uk/trooping-colour
41 Facts About the Royal Family You Probably Didn't Know (Jack Royston, Newsweek, Apr 2021)
https://www.newsweek.com/facts-about-royal-family-didnt-know-queen-meghan-harry-diana-william-1616000
Queen Elizabeth II: The Many Attempts to Assassinate the Royal (Rachel Chang, biography.com, Oct 2020)
https://www.biography.com/news/queen-elizabeth-ii-assassination-attempts
Queen Elizabeth ASSASSINATION attempt: How a TEENAGER tried to shoot the Queen (Kate Whitfield, The Express, Jun 2019)
https://www.express.co.uk/news/royal/1135342/queen-elizabeth-assassination-attempt-trooping-the-colour-teenager-shoot-queen-horse
New Zealand teen attempted to assassinate Queen Elizabeth II during 1981 Dunedin visit (Michael Walsh and Nick Fogarty, ABC News, Jan 2018)
https://www.abc.net.au/news/2018-01-17/queen-elizabeth-assassination-attempt-christopher-john-lewis/9334230
The day the IRA tried to bomb the Queen: Provos' failed bid to kill Monarch at Sullom Voe is a forgotten episode in Scots history (Steven Taylor, The Daily Record, Apr 2016)
https://www.dailyrecord.co.uk/news/scottish-news/day-ira-tried-bomb-queen-7720396
Security lapse risked Queen's life (The Scotsman, Oct 2009)
https://www.scotsman.com/news/security-lapse-risked-queens-life-2512457
MI5 blamed BP for securit

The San Francisco heat left the room stifling. I felt like a turkey on the afternoon of Thanksgiving, basting in my own juices as I sat on the rim of my porcelain toilet. And that's when she walked in. She was a dame. The kinda dame with legs that went all the way up, and then all the way back down. A dame. The kinda dame that you would like to take for a drink, and then - like the gentleman you are - treat her to a nice cocktail of gin and LSD. A dame. The kinda dame that you wanted to watch have sex with an accountant, or a pilot, or a US congressman. She was a dame, and as I sat there gulping my pitcher of martini like it would keep the devil at bay, I thought to myself "I can't wait to offer her a job.". Join Alisha and Will for the climax as they once again delve into the world of sex, drugs, and George Hunter White on this week's Enter the Rabbit Hole. 
 
Sources:
Articles:
Guide to the George White Papers, 1932-1970 M1111
https://oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/tf6k40059b/
Operation Midnight Climax, The CIA’s mind-control drug program (Jordan Fearn, History of Yesterday, Aug 2021)
https://historyofyesterday.com/operation-midnight-climax-36d42a4b39cf
The Secret History of Fort Detrick, the CIA’s Base for Mind Control Experiments (Stephen Kinzer, Politico, Sep 2019)
https://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2019/09/15/cia-fort-detrick-stephen-kinzer-228109/
The CIA's Secret Quest For Mind Control: Torture, LSD And A 'Poisoner In Chief' (Terry Gross, Fresh Air, NPR Sep 2019)
https://www.npr.org/2019/09/09/758989641/the-cias-secret-quest-for-mind-control-torture-lsd-and-a-poisoner-in-chief
Brainwashed : The Secret CIA Experiments in Canada (The Fifth Estate, Dec 2017)
https://www.cbc.ca/fifth/episodes/2017-2018/brainwashed-the-secret-cia-experiments-in-canada
Project MKUltra: When the CIA Tested LSD on Unsuspecting Americans (Josh Clark, How Stuff Works, Jun 2019)
https://history.howstuffworks.com/history-vs-myth/cia-lsd.htm
Operation Husky: How Mobster Lucky Luciano Aided The U.S. In WWII (John Kuroski, allthat’sinteresting.com, Dec 2017)
https://allthatsinteresting.com/operation-husky-lucky-luciano
1953–1964: Operation Midnight Climax — CIA’s lurid ventures into sex, hookers and LSD (Alliance for Human Research Protection, Jan 2015)
https://ahrp.org/1953-1964-operation-midnight-climax-cias-lurid-ventures-into-sex-hookers-and-lsd/
'Apparently Useless': The Accidental Discovery of LSD (Tom Shroder, The Atlantic, Sep 2014)
https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2014/09/the-accidental-discovery-of-lsd/379564/
Operation Midnight Climax: How the CIA Dosed S.F. Citizens with LSD (Troy Hooper, SF Weekly, Mar 2012)
https://www.sfweekly.com/news/operation-midnight-climax-how-the-cia-dosed-s-f-citizens-with-lsd/
Albert Hofmann, Inventor of LSD, Embarks on Final Trip (David Biello, Scientific American, April 2008)
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/inventor-of-lsd-embarks-on-final-trip/
Sex, Drugs and the CIA (Douglas Valentine, Counterpunch, June 2002)
https://www.counterpunch.org/2002/06/19/sex-drugs-and-the-cia-2/
https://www.counterpunch.org/2002/06/19/sex-drugs-and-the-cia-3/
https://www.counterpunch.org/2002/06/19/sex-drugs-and-the-cia/
The Diaries Of a CIA Operative (John Jacobs and Paul Avery, The Washington Post, Sep 1977)
https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1977/09/05/the-diaries-of-a-cia-operative/65b08a3e-c95a-434e-b1c6-c05f726a3a6f/
Secret Agents, Secret Armies: The Short Happy Life of the OSS (National World War II Museum, May 2020)
https://www.nationalww2museum.org/war/articles/wwii-secret-agents-the-oss
OSS: The Predecessor of the CIA (Sarah Pruitt, History.com, Aug 2018)
https://www.history.com/news/oss-the-predecessor-of-the-cia
The True Story of Brainwashing and How It Shaped America(Lorraine Boissoneault, Smithsonian Magazine, May 2017)
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/true-story-brainwashing-and-how-it-shaped-america-180963400/
Brainwashed (Monica Kim, Foreign Policy,

OPPORTUNITIES AVAILABLE! We are a clandestine organization working to keep the USA free from the Red Menace by ANY MEANS NECESSARY. We are currently hosting opportunities for a self-motivated sociopath. You must be a self-starter with a high level of initiative and moral flexibility. You must have experience in espionage, murder, and basic admin. Prior experience in drugging informants and friends not required, but will be CONSIDERED FAVORABLY! Must have own vehicle. Safehouse with recording equipment and FULLY STOCKED BAR will be provided. To apply, just be a shady piece of shit and WE'LL BE IN TOUCH. Only FULL ON CREEPS need apply. 
This week Alisha and Will return to serve up the second part of Operation Midnight Climax.
 
Sources:
Articles:
Guide to the George White Papers, 1932-1970 M1111
https://oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/tf6k40059b/
Operation Midnight Climax, The CIA’s mind-control drug program (Jordan Fearn, History of Yesterday, Aug 2021)
https://historyofyesterday.com/operation-midnight-climax-36d42a4b39cf
The Secret History of Fort Detrick, the CIA’s Base for Mind Control Experiments (Stephen Kinzer, Politico, Sep 2019)
https://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2019/09/15/cia-fort-detrick-stephen-kinzer-228109/
The CIA's Secret Quest For Mind Control: Torture, LSD And A 'Poisoner In Chief' (Terry Gross, Fresh Air, NPR Sep 2019)
https://www.npr.org/2019/09/09/758989641/the-cias-secret-quest-for-mind-control-torture-lsd-and-a-poisoner-in-chief
Brainwashed : The Secret CIA Experiments in Canada (The Fifth Estate, Dec 2017)
https://www.cbc.ca/fifth/episodes/2017-2018/brainwashed-the-secret-cia-experiments-in-canada
Project MKUltra: When the CIA Tested LSD on Unsuspecting Americans (Josh Clark, How Stuff Works, Jun 2019)
https://history.howstuffworks.com/history-vs-myth/cia-lsd.htm
Operation Husky: How Mobster Lucky Luciano Aided The U.S. In WWII (John Kuroski, allthat’sinteresting.com, Dec 2017)
https://allthatsinteresting.com/operation-husky-lucky-luciano
1953–1964: Operation Midnight Climax — CIA’s lurid ventures into sex, hookers and LSD (Alliance for Human Research Protection, Jan 2015)
https://ahrp.org/1953-1964-operation-midnight-climax-cias-lurid-ventures-into-sex-hookers-and-lsd/
'Apparently Useless': The Accidental Discovery of LSD (Tom Shroder, The Atlantic, Sep 2014)
https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2014/09/the-accidental-discovery-of-lsd/379564/
Operation Midnight Climax: How the CIA Dosed S.F. Citizens with LSD (Troy Hooper, SF Weekly, Mar 2012)
https://www.sfweekly.com/news/operation-midnight-climax-how-the-cia-dosed-s-f-citizens-with-lsd/
Albert Hofmann, Inventor of LSD, Embarks on Final Trip (David Biello, Scientific American, April 2008)
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/inventor-of-lsd-embarks-on-final-trip/
Sex, Drugs and the CIA (Douglas Valentine, Counterpunch, June 2002)
https://www.counterpunch.org/2002/06/19/sex-drugs-and-the-cia-2/
https://www.counterpunch.org/2002/06/19/sex-drugs-and-the-cia-3/
https://www.counterpunch.org/2002/06/19/sex-drugs-and-the-cia/
The Diaries Of a CIA Operative (John Jacobs and Paul Avery, The Washington Post, Sep 1977)
https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1977/09/05/the-diaries-of-a-cia-operative/65b08a3e-c95a-434e-b1c6-c05f726a3a6f/
Secret Agents, Secret Armies: The Short Happy Life of the OSS (National World War II Museum, May 2020)
https://www.nationalww2museum.org/war/articles/wwii-secret-agents-the-oss
OSS: The Predecessor of the CIA (Sarah Pruitt, History.com, Aug 2018)
https://www.history.com/news/oss-the-predecessor-of-the-cia
The True Story of Brainwashing and How It Shaped America(Lorraine Boissoneault, Smithsonian Magazine, May 2017)
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/true-story-brainwashing-and-how-it-shaped-america-180963400/
Brainwashed (Monica Kim, Foreign Policy, Feb 2019)
https://foreignpolicy.com/2019/02/18/brainwashed-north-korea-prisoners-of-war-monica-kim/
From mind control to murder? How a de

What's got three letters, can change your brain chemistry, and messed a lot of people up in the 60s. Why, it's the CIA of course! Alisha and Will take a look at everybody's favorite spooks and the beginnings of their infamous MKUltra program. Did the CIA unlock the secrets of mind control, or is it just torture? Hint: it's mostly just torture. So sit back, relax, and pop this episode directly on your tongue as we once again Enter the Rabbit Hole. (WARNING: ETRH SHOULD ONLY BE INGESTED VIA THE EARS)
 
Sources:
Articles:
Guide to the George White Papers, 1932-1970 M1111
https://oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/tf6k40059b/
The Secret History of Fort Detrick, the CIA’s Base for Mind Control Experiments (Stephen Kinzer, Politico, Sep 2019)
https://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2019/09/15/cia-fort-detrick-stephen-kinzer-228109/
The CIA's Secret Quest For Mind Control: Torture, LSD And A 'Poisoner In Chief' (Terry Gross, Fresh Air, NPR Sep 2019)
https://www.npr.org/2019/09/09/758989641/the-cias-secret-quest-for-mind-control-torture-lsd-and-a-poisoner-in-chief
Brainwashed : The Secret CIA Experiments in Canada (The Fifth Estate, Dec 2017)
https://www.cbc.ca/fifth/episodes/2017-2018/brainwashed-the-secret-cia-experiments-in-canada
Project MKUltra: When the CIA Tested LSD on Unsuspecting Americans (Josh Clark, How Stuff Works, Jun 2019)
https://history.howstuffworks.com/history-vs-myth/cia-lsd.htm
1953–1964: Operation Midnight Climax — CIA’s lurid ventures into sex, hookers and LSD (Alliance for Human Research Protection, Jan 2015)
https://ahrp.org/1953-1964-operation-midnight-climax-cias-lurid-ventures-into-sex-hookers-and-lsd/
'Apparently Useless': The Accidental Discovery of LSD (Tom Shroder, The Atlantic, Sep 2014)
https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2014/09/the-accidental-discovery-of-lsd/379564/
Albert Hofmann, Inventor of LSD, Embarks on Final Trip (David Biello, Scientific American, April 2008)
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/inventor-of-lsd-embarks-on-final-trip/
Sex, Drugs and the CIA (Douglas Valentine, Counterpunch, June 2002)
https://www.counterpunch.org/2002/06/19/sex-drugs-and-the-cia-2/
The Diaries Of a CIA Operative (John Jacobs and Paul Avery, The Washington Post, Sep 1977)
https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1977/09/05/the-diaries-of-a-cia-operative/65b08a3e-c95a-434e-b1c6-c05f726a3a6f/
Secret Agents, Secret Armies: The Short Happy Life of the OSS (National World War II Museum, May 2020)
https://www.nationalww2museum.org/war/articles/wwii-secret-agents-the-oss
OSS: The Predecessor of the CIA (Sarah Pruitt, History.com, Aug 2018)
https://www.history.com/news/oss-the-predecessor-of-the-cia
The True Story of Brainwashing and How It Shaped America(Lorraine Boissoneault, Smithsonian Magazine, May 2017)
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/true-story-brainwashing-and-how-it-shaped-america-180963400/
Brainwashed (Monica Kim, Foreign Policy, Feb 2019)
https://foreignpolicy.com/2019/02/18/brainwashed-north-korea-prisoners-of-war-monica-kim/
 
Videos:
MK Ultra: The CIA's Mind Control Fiasco | Answers With Joe (Joe Scott, Dec 2019)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ejaGzxEevGI&ab_channel=JoeScott
Stephen Kinzer ─ Poisoner in Chief: Sidney Gottlieb and the CIA Search for Mind Control (Stephen Kinzer, Watson Institute for International and Public Affairs, Oct 2019)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uX4ksoSCoeE&ab_channel=WatsonInstituteforInternationalandPublicAffairs
Compensation for CIA-funded brainwashing experiments paid out to victim's daughter 60 years later (The National, Oct 2017)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Sov_sbVCpr0&ab_channel=CBCNews%3ATheNational
CIA Mind Control | CIA Secret Experiments (National Geographic, uploaded Mar 2008)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NUW-frxo2X4&ab_channel=WIRED

Audio:
Operation Midnight Climax (iHeartRadio, Mar 2021)
https://open.spotify.com/show/0lPmZAi7ymc7jLFbfDBWwS?si=cud6eKgjRKybOxLTWeJBHg&dl_branch=1
443 - George Hunter White (The Doll

Won't somebody please think of the children!? Alisha and Will return this week to examine the secret inner workings of the MPAA and ask "Who is calling the shots?". Expect partial nudity, full nudity, references to puppet sex, and non-stop ninja action on this week's Enter the Rabbit Hole.
Sources:
Articles:
List of NC-17 Rated Films 
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_NC-17_rated_films
Classification and Rating Rules (MPA Inc., Jul 2020)
https://www.filmratings.com/Content/Downloads/rating_rules.pdf
Market Share for Each Distributor 1995-2021 (The Numbers, 2021)
https://www.the-numbers.com/market/distributors
Market Share for Each MPAA Rating 1995-2021 (The Numbers, 2021)
https://www.the-numbers.com/market/mpaa-ratings
Eternals Rated PG-13 For Violence, Language, And Brief Sexuality (David James, We Got This Covered, Sep 2021)
https://wegotthiscovered.com/movies/eternals-rated-pg-13-for-violence-language-and-brief-sexuality/
25 R-Rated Movies That Were Originally NC-17 (Tom Fish, Newsweek, Sep 2021)
https://www.newsweek.com/r-rated-movies-originally-nc-17-1606808
https://daily.jstor.org/end-american-film-censorship/
How the Hays Code—as Seen in Hollywood—Censored Hollywood (Temi Adebowale, Men’s Health, May 2020)
https://www.menshealth.com/entertainment/a32290089/hollywood-hays-code/
The Skinny on the Fatty Arbuckle Trial (Gilbert King, Smithsonian Magazine, Nov. 2011)
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/the-skinny-on-the-fatty-arbuckle-trial-131228859/
Remembering Hollywood's Hays Code, 40 Years On (Bob Mondello, NPR, August 2008)
https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=93301189
A Brief History of the X Rating (Jason Bailey, Vulture, Dec. 2018)
https://www.vulture.com/2018/12/a-brief-history-of-the-x-rating.html
50 Surprisingly Great X-Rated Movies (That Aren't Porn) (Jennifer M. Wood, Thrillist, Jan 2019) 
https://www.thrillist.com/entertainment/nation/best-x-rated-movies
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Motion-Picture-Association-of-America
https://www.mtsu.edu/first-amendment/article/1247/motion-picture-ratings
https://www.motionpictures.org/film-ratings/

Videos:
Film 90 Report on the new NC17 Film Rating (VHS Video Vault, Jan 2021)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7P_YFBBgCCw&ab_channel=VHSVideovault
Whatever Happened to the X Rating? (Entertain the Elk, Jul 2020)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e8OZPEsdKss&ab_channel=EntertainTheElk
Who Invented the Movie Rating System? (Today I Found Out, June 2019)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ntcs8_QLlxg&ab_channel=TodayIFoundOut
Pre Code Hollywood (Michael d Jackson, Dec 2018)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rF82lbJM6ik&ab_channel=creanost
How the Catholic Church censored Hollywood's Golden Age (Vox, Apr 2018)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HXZGKhpv8eg&ab_channel=Vox
4 Cinematic Victims of Hays Code Era Censorship (Cold Crash Pictures, Nov 2017)
https://youtu.be/BPnjfqAeKQo
The History of Hollywood Censorship and the Ratings System (Filmmaker IQ, Nov 2013)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ynf8BmfgPtM&ab_channel=FilmmakerIQ
This Film Is Not Yet Rated (Kirby Dick, 2006)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FpbxzP2mkoA&ab_channel=P.I.Becky
List of NC-17 rated films (Wikipedia)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_NC-17_rated_films
Audio:
Episode 35: Censorship in Horror (Test Pattern - A Horror Movie Podcast, Jul 2017)
https://open.spotify.com/episode/7plQ8TT9ldgz65GTe5B644?si=dadec4165b224838