American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology Podcast ajpgi

In this episode of the Got Guts podcast series Madeleine R. Di Natale of the University of Melbourne discusses the recently published manuscript titled "Characterization of neuromuscular transmission and projections of muscle motor neurons in the rat stomach."  This study provides a detailed mapping of nerve transmission to the circular muscle of the different anatomical regions of rat stomach. It shows that excitatory and inhibitory influences extend around the gastric circumference and that there is a summation of neural influence that allows for finely graded control of muscle tension and length. Nerve-mediated electrical events are qualitatively and quantitatively different between regions, for example, excitatory neurons have direct effects on fundus but not antral muscle.
 
Article Citation:
Characterization of neuromuscular transmission and projections of muscle motor neurons in the rat stomach
Madeleine R. Di Natale, Billie Hunne, Martin J. Stebbing, Xiaokai Wang, Zhongming Liu, and John B. Furness
American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 2024 326:1, G78-G93

In this episode of the Got Guts Podcast series, Solange M. Abdulnour-Nakhoul of Tulane University, discusses the recently published manuscript titled "Alterations in gene expression and microbiome composition upon calcium sensing receptor deletion in the mouse esophagus." In this research  Abdulnour-Nakhoul et al. highlight why calcium sensing receptor plays a significant role in maintaining the barrier function of esophageal epithelium.
 
Article Citation:
Alterations in gene expression and microbiome composition upon calcium sensing receptor deletion in the mouse esophagus
Solange M. Abdulnour-Nakhoul, Jay K. Kolls, Eric K. Flemington, Nathan A. Ungerleider, Hani N. Nakhoul, Kejing Song, and Nazih L. Nakhoul
American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 0 0:0
 
 

Listen as Editor in Chief of AJPGI and Liver Physiology, Mark Frey and the Chair of the Gastrointestinal & Liver Section, Pradeep Dudeja discuss what they are looking forward at the 2024 American Physiology Summit, April 4-7th. 
 
Registration Deadline for American Physiology Summit is March 11, 2024.
 
Click here for more info on the American Journal of Physiology Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology

In this episode Marine Mantel of Nantes Université discusses the recently published research in AJP-GI and Liver Physiology titled "Propionibacterium freudenreichii CIRM-BIA 129 mitigates colitis through S layer protein B-dependent epithelial strengthening." 
 
NEW & NOTEWORTHY Propionibacterium freudenreichii reduces dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced intestinal permeability in vivo. P. freudenreichii does not inhibit inflammation but damages linked to inflammation. P. freudenreichii inhibits intestinal epithelial breakdown through S-layer protein B. The protective effects of P. freudenreichii depend on S-layer protein B. Extracellular vesicles from P. freudenreichii CB 129 mimic the protective effect of the probiotic.
 
Article Citation:
Propionibacterium freudenreichii CIRM-BIA 129 mitigates colitis through S layer protein B-dependent epithelial strengthening
Marine Mantel, Tony Durand, Anne Bessard, Ségolène Pernet, Julie Beaudeau, Juliana Guimaraes-Laguna, Marie-Bernadette Maillard, Eric Guédon, Michel Neunlist, Yves Le Loir, Gwénaël Jan, and Malvyne Rolli-Derkinderen
American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 2024 326:2, G163-G175

In this episode author, Melissa Nelson of Baylor University Medical Center, discusses the recently published manuscript titled "Th2 Cytokine Signaling through IL-4Rα Increases Eotaxin-3 Secretion and Tension in Human Esophageal Smooth Muscle."
 
New and Noteworthy:
Nelson et al. have found that Th2 cytokines increase eotaxin-3 secretion and tension in esophageal smooth muscle (ESM) cells via IL-4Rα signaling. Unlike esophageal epithelial cells, ESM cells do not express H+,K+ATPase, and omeprazole does not inhibit their cytokine-stimulated eotaxin-3 secretion or tension. An IL-4Rα blocking antibody reduces both eotaxin-3 secretion and tension induced by Th2 cytokines in ESM cells, suggesting that an agent such as dupilumab might be preferred for EoE patients with esophageal muscle involvement.
 
Article Citation:
Th2 Cytokine Signaling through IL-4Rα Increases Eotaxin-3 Secretion and Tension in Human Esophageal Smooth Muscle
Melissa R. Nelson, Xi Zhang, Eitan Podgaetz, Xuan Wang, Qiuyang Zhang, Zui Pan, Stuart Jon Spechler, and Rhonda F. Souza
American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 0 0:0

In this podcast, authors Maria A. Ilomäki and Lauri Polari (both at Åbo Akademi University) discuss their recently published research titled “Defining a timeline of colon pathologies after keratin 8 loss: Rapid crypt elongation and diarrhea are followed by epithelial erosion and cell exfoliation.”
 
New and Noteworthy:
Understanding the order in which physiological and molecular events occur helps to recognize the onset of diseases and improve their preclinical models. We utilized Cre-Lox-based inducible keratin 8 deletion in mouse intestinal epithelium to characterize the earliest events after keratin 8 loss leading to colitis. These include diarrhea and crypt elongation, followed by erosion and neutrophil activity. The authors results also support noninvasive methodology for monitoring colon diseases in preclinical models.
 
Article Citation: 
Defining a timeline of colon pathologies after keratin 8 loss: Rapid crypt elongation and diarrhea are followed by epithelial erosion and cell exfoliation
Maria A. Ilomäki, Lauri Polari, Carl-Gustaf A. Stenvall, Mina Tayyab, Kirah Kähärä, Karen M. Ridge, and Diana M. Toivola
American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 0 0:0