Medscape InDiscussion: Chronic Kidney Disease Medscape

Join experts Drs Matthew Sparks and James Matthew Luther as they discuss how and why they're using mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists to treat patients with diabetic kidney disease in their practice.
Relevant disclosures can be found with the episode show notes on Medscape (https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/991189). The topics and discussions are planned, produced, and reviewed independently of advertisers. This podcast is intended only for US healthcare professionals.
Resources
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/238798-overview
Physiology, Aldosterone https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470339/
Angiotensin II https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK499912/
Primary Aldosteronism https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/127080-overview
Epithelial Sodium Channel (ENaC) and the Control of Blood Pressure https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24721652/
Hypertension Treatment & Management https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/241381-treatment
Hypertension Medication https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/241381-medication#2
Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists in Diabetic Kidney Disease - Mechanistic and Therapeutic Effects https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34675379/
Malignant Hypertension https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/241640-overview
Androgenetic Alopecia https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1070167-overview
Effect of Finerenone on Chronic Kidney Disease Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33264825/
Cardiovascular Events With Finerenone in Kidney Disease and Type 2 Diabetes https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34449181/
Regression to the Mean https://www.britannica.com/topic/regression-to-the-mean
Sodium-glucose Transport Protein 2 (SGLT2) Inhibitors https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK576405/
Potassium Binders for Chronic Hyperkalaemia in People With Chronic Kidney Disease https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32588430/

Join experts Drs Matt Sparks and Dawn Caster as they discuss the complexities around the management of lupus nephritis. What tools do we have now? What is on the horizon? Tune in to find out.
Relevant disclosures can be found with the episode show notes on Medscape (https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/991602). The topics and discussions are planned, produced, and reviewed independently of advertisers. This podcast is intended only for US healthcare professionals.
Resources
Novel Aspects in the Pathophysiology and Diagnosis of Glomerular Diseases https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36535746/
Derivation and Validation of the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics Classification Criteria for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22553077
EULAR/ACR Classification Criteria for SLE https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31779843/
Sensitivity and Specificity of ANA and Anti-dsDNA in the Diagnosis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Comparison Using Control Sera Obtained From Healthy Individuals and Patients With Multiple Medical Problems https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24383972/
Podocyte Foot Process Effacement Precedes Albuminuria and Glomerular Hypertrophy in CD2-Associated Protein Deficient Mice https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34568396/ 
KDIGO 2023 Clinical Practice Guideline for the Management of Lupus Nephritis https://kdigo.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/KDIGO-2023-Lupus-Nephritis-Guideline_Public-Review_9-Mar-2023.pdf
Management of Lupus Nephritis: A Systematic Literature Review Informing the 2019 Update of the Joint EULAR and European Renal Association-European Dialysis and Transplant Association (EULAR/ERA-EDTA) Recommendations https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32699043/
Nonrenal Disease Activity Following Mycophenolate Mofetil or Intravenous Cyclophosphamide as Induction Treatment for Lupus Nephritis: Findings in a Multicenter, Prospective, Randomized, Open-Label, Parallel-Group Clinical Trial https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20039429/
Immunosuppressive Therapy in Lupus Nephritis: The Euro-Lupus Nephritis Trial, a Randomized Trial of Low-Dose Vs High-Dose Intravenous Cyclophosphamide https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12209517/
Voclosporin: A Novel Calcineurin Inhibitor for the Treatment of Lupus Nephritis https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35168373
Safety and Efficacy of Belimumab in Patients With Lupus Nephritis: Open-Label Extension of BLISS-LN Study https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36302567/
Anti-CD19 CAR T Cell Therapy for Refractory Systemic Lupus Erythematosus https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36109639/
Dapagliflozin in People With Chronic Kidney Disease https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37257897/
Empagliflozin in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36331190/

Experts Drs Matthew A. Sparks and Dana V. Rizk discuss the pathology, presentation, and management of IgA nephropathy. Looking for the latest on clinical trials and approved treatments? Tune in!
Relevant disclosures can be found with the episode show notes on Medscape (https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/991603). The topics and discussions are planned, produced, and reviewed independently of advertisers. This podcast is intended only for US healthcare professionals.
Resources
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/238798-overview
IgA Nephropathy https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/239927-overview
Polycystic Kidney Disease https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/244907-overview
Biomarkers for IgA Nephropathy on the Basis of Multi-Hit Pathogenesis https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29740706/
Galactose-Deficient IgA1 as a Candidate Urinary Marker of IgA Nephropathy https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35683557/
Immunological Drivers of IgA Nephropathy: Exploring the Mucosa-Kidney Link https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34821031/
Nephrotic Syndrome https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/244631-overview
Podocytopathies https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32792490/
Minimal-Change Disease https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/243348-overview
IgA Vasculitis (Henoch-Schönlein Purpura) https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/984105-overview
Sodium-Glucose Transport Protein 2 (SGLT2) Inhibitors https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK576405/
Dapagliflozin in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32970396/
Empagliflozin in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36331190/
A Controlled Trial of Fish Oil in IgA Nephropathy. Mayo Nephrology Collaborative Group https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7935657/
Fish Consumption, Omega 3 Fatty Acids and Cardiovascular Disease. The Science and the Clinical Trials https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19326716/
Tonsillectomy in a European Cohort of 1,147 Patients With IgA Nephropathy https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26586175/
Sparsentan in Patients With IgA Nephropathy: A Prespecified Interim Analysis From a Randomised, Double-Blind, Active-Controlled Clinical Trial https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37015244/
Intensive Supportive Care Plus Immunosuppression in IgA Nephropathy https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26962737/
Effect of Oral Methylprednisolone on Clinical Outcomes in Patients With IgA Nephropathy: The TESTING Randomized Clinical Trial https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28763548/
Targeted-Release Budesonide Versus Placebo in Patients With IgA Nephropathy (NEFIGAN): A Double-Blind, Randomised, Placebo-Controlled Phase 2b Trial https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28363480/
Results From Part A of the Multi-Center, Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled NefIgArd Trial, Which Evaluated Targeted-Release Formulation of Budesonide for the Treatment of Primary Immunoglobulin A Nephropathy https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36270561/
Crescents and IgA Nephropathy: A Delicate Marriage https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35806856/
Crescentic, Proliferative IgA Nephropathy: Clinical and Histological Response to Methylprednisolone and Intravenous Cyclophosphamide https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12808169/
Hydroxychloroquine Inhibits Macrophage Activation and Attenuates Renal Fibrosis After Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33936063/
New Treatment Strategies for IgA Nephropathy: Targeting Plasma Cells as the Main Source of Pathogenic Antibodies https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35628935/

Join Drs Matthew Sparks and Kirk Campbell as they dive into the murky waters of focal segmental glomerular sclerosis. How do you diagnose? How do you treat? Tune in to find out.
Relevant disclosures can be found with the episode show notes on Medscape (https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/991604). The topics and discussions are planned, produced, and reviewed independently of advertisers. This podcast is intended only for US healthcare professionals.
Resources
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/238798-overview
Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/245915-overview
Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/240056-overview
Membranous Glomerulonephritis https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/239799-overview
Collapsing Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis in Viral Infections https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35095882/
Novel Treatment Paradigms: Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36644367/
Glomerular Diseases (GD) https://kdigo.org/guidelines/gd/
A Review of Podocyte Biology https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29852492/
APOL1 Nephropathy: From Genetics to Clinical Applications https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32616495/
A Study to Test BI 764198 in People With a Type of Kidney Disease Called Primary Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis https://classic.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05213624
Efficacy and Safety of ACE Inhibitor and Angiotensin Receptor Blocker Therapies in Primary Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis Treatment: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35518835/
Sodium-Glucose Transport Protein 2 (SGLT2) Inhibitors https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK576405/
Calcineurin Inhibitors in the Treatment of Primary Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis: A Protocol of Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33530282/
Effect of Dapagliflozin on Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease, With and Without Cardiovascular Disease https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33186054/
IgA Nephropathy https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/239927-overview
Impact of Diabetes on the Effects of Sodium Glucose Co-Transporter-2 Inhibitors on Kidney Outcomes: Collaborative Meta-Analysis of Large Placebo-Controlled Trials https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36351458/
African Trypanosomiasis (Sleeping Sickness) https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/228613-overview
Lupus Nephritis https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/330369-overview
Inaxaplin for Proteinuric Kidney Disease in Persons With Two APOL1 Variants https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36920755/
Phase 2/3 Adaptive Study of VX-147 in Adults and Adolescents With APOL1-Mediated Proteinuric Kidney Disease https://classic.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05312879
Antisense Oligonucleotides: An Emerging Area in Drug Discovery and Development https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32604776/
Janus Kinase-STAT Inhibition to Reduce APOL1 Associated Kidney Disease (JUSTICE) https://classic.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05237388
APOL1 Long-Term Kidney Transplantation Outcomes Network (APOLLO) (APOLLO) https://classic.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03615235
Nephrotic Syndrome Study Network (NEPTUNE) https://repository.niddk.nih.gov/studies/neptune/

Join experts Drs Matthew Sparks and Samira Farouk as they pull back the curtain to help patients and providers better understand the transplant journey.
Relevant disclosures can be found with the episode show notes on Medscape (https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/991605). The topics and discussions are planned, produced, and reviewed independently of advertisers. This podcast is intended only for US healthcare professionals.
Resources
Comparison of Mortality in All Patients on Dialysis, Patients on Dialysis Awaiting Transplantation, and Recipients of a First Cadaveric Transplant https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10580071/
Metabolic Disorders Following Kidney Transplantation https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22445053/
Cardiac Evaluation of the Kidney or Liver Transplant Candidate https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33315765/
About the Zweig Family Center for Living Donation https://www.mountsinai.org/care/transplant/services/living-donor/zweig
Social Determinants of Health and Race Disparities in Kidney Transplant https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33509963/
The Race Coefficient in Glomerular Filtration Rate-Estimating Equations and Its Removal https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36093899/
Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network https://optn.transplant.hrsa.gov/
Transplant Renal Artery Stenosis: Current Concepts https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36718003/
Renal Transplantation: Technical Aspects, Diagnosis and Management of Early and Late Urological Complications https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24637470/
Saving Lives With Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir One Transplant Patient at a Time https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36847419/
Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine Consult Series #66: Prepregnancy Evaluation and Pregnancy Management of Patients With Solid Organ Transplant https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37088276/

Join experts Drs Matthew Sparks and Laurence Beck as they discuss the diagnosis and management of membranous nephropathy, a rare kidney disease.
Relevant disclosures can be found with the episode show notes on Medscape (https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/991606). The topics and discussions are planned, produced, and reviewed independently of advertisers. This podcast is intended only for US healthcare professionals.
Resources
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/238798-overview
Membranous Glomerulonephritis https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/239799-overview
M-type Phospholipase A2 Receptor as Target Antigen in Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19571279/
The Endocytic Receptor Megalin and Its Associated Proteins in Proximal Tubule Epithelial Cells https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25019425/
PLA2R Autoantibodies and PLA2R Glomerular Deposits in Membranous Nephropathy https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21323563/
Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) https://www.genome.gov/genetics-glossary/Genome-Wide-Association-Studies
Thrombospondin Type-1 Domain-Containing 7A in Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25394321/
New 'Antigens' in Membranous Nephropathy https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33380523/
Nephrotic Syndrome https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/244631-overview
NAACCR Item #3812: B Symptoms https://staging.seer.cancer.gov/naaccr/item/eod_public/2.1/3812/
Video-Assisted Thoracoscopy https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK532952/
Direct Oral Anticoagulants: A Quick Guide https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30416551/
Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/245915-overview
IgA Nephropathy https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/239927-overview
DOAC Compared With Warfarin for VTE in Patients With Obesity: A Retrospective Cohort Study Conducted Through the VENUS Network https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36757644/
Is It Lupus Nephritis? A Path to Diagnosis and Treatment https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/991602
Noninvasive Diagnosis of PLA2R-Associated Membranous Nephropathy: A Validation Study https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34782349/
Noninvasive Diagnosis of Primary Membranous Nephropathy Using Phospholipase A2 Receptor Antibodies https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30665573/
Proteinuria Medication https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/238158-medication
Sodium-Glucose Transport Protein 2 (SGLT2) Inhibitors https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK576405/
Dapagliflozin in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32970396/
Empagliflozin in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36331190/
Long-Term Follow-Up of Cyclical Cyclophosphamide and Steroids Versus Tacrolimus and Steroids in Primary Membranous Nephropathy https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34622104/
Strategies Towards Antigen-Specific Treatments for Membranous Nephropathy https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35185913/
Transplant Candidate https://kdigo.org/guidelines/transplant-candidate/