The Science in our Lives Kaitlyn Heckman

How drug use contributes to chronic disease, hi I’m Kaitlyn H, and I will be talking about how drug use contributes to chronic disease. First, let's discuss some common diseases that can be caused by drug use. Some common chronic diseases caused by drug use include Liver damage, Mental health problems, Lung diseases, and even cancer. Liver Damang can be caused by alcohol and drug usage when used for a long duration of time. Even Tylenol can have negative effects on your liver if used incorrectly, such as if you take more than the recommended amount your body may not be able to process the acetaminophen out of your body and thus cause your glutathione pathway to be overwhelmed. Some drugs can worsen or cause mental health issues such as depression, anxiety, or even schizophrenia in users, such as marijuana is known to have negative effects on the users' memory and cause can overwhelming paranoia in some users even with the myth surrounding marijuana that it relieves stress. Chronic drug use can also lead to the development of some forms of cancer, tobacco, marijuana, and alcohol use have been linked to the development of many types of cancers, and while weed can be used as a form of relief for many cancer patients it mostly has negative effects when used pre-cancer due to how is can speed up or can even activate the onset of the cancer growth in your cells. Drug use can also cause lung disease smoking tobacco and marijuana for an extended period of time can lead to the rapid deterioration of your lungs, with the onset of many respiratory diseases such as lung cancer or COPD which stands for Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Diabetes can also be caused by drug use due to how many drugs decrease the production of insulin in the pancreas and increased cell damage and lowered antioxidant potential of the cells of your body, inducing a drug inducing diabetes.

Hello, this is Kaitlyn Heckman and I will be talking about the Skeletal system. The skeletal system is a very complex system in our bodies. It contains 206 bones in total. But before you can even begin to comprehend the specific bones you have to understand the skeletal system as a whole. One of the main things the systems of our bodies work to do is maintain homeostasis so the question is: How does the skeletal system help our bodies maintain homeostasis? One of the main parts of the skeletal system that helps us maintain homeostasis is our osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts. These cells help us maintain mineral homeostasis when they continuously build up bone and break down bone to regulate our body's mineral composition such as our levels of calcium. The function of the skeletal system is unique in many ways in how it provides our bodies with the ability to stand, move and gives us protection. But what would happen to us if our bodies stop functioning properly? The body would not stand due to how the skeletal system provides the main structure for your body's movement and allows it to be able to stand and support your weight. The body also wouldn’t be able to move due to the huge role your skeletal system plays in the movement of your muscles. In order to really understand the function of our skeletal system, we have to understand its structure of it and how that relates to its function. The skeletal system is made of bones, cartilage, ligaments, tendons. This provides a framework for the body, allowing our muscles to be able to attach to a stable frame to allow them to contract along our body to move. The makeup of our skeletal system also gives the protection of our organs in how the rib cage is located in a way that it covers most of our lungs, the hard makeup of the bones makes it a good shell-like protector of our organs. Another important thing we must understand about the skeletal system is how it interacts with other systems. For example, the skeletal system interacts with the muscular system in how the muscles keep our bones in place and the muscular system combined with the skeletal system allows for our body's movement by contracting and this contraction pulls the bones to make us move. Another example would be how The skeletal system interacts with the nervous system how: the nervous system is responsible for sending messages to the body to tell our bones when to move this helps our muscles contract and pull the bones so we move. This just goes to show just how interconnected and complex our body systems are. Thank you! 

Work cited: 

Zimmermann, K. A. (2019, August 8). The Human Skeletal System. Livescience.Com. https://www.livescience.com/22537-skeletal-system.html 

Facts about Craniosynostosis | CDC. (2019, December 4). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/birthdefects/craniosynostosis.html 

the Arizona Science Center. (2011, February 1). Bone Healing. Askabiologist.Asu.Edu. https://askabiologist.asu.edu/bone-healing 

Homo sapiens. (2021, January 22). The Smithsonian Institution’s Human Origins Program. https://humanorigins.si.edu/evidence/human-fossils/species/homo-sapiens

Argilés. (2016, September 1). Skeletal Muscle Regulates Metabolism via Interorgan Crosstalk: Roles in Health and Disease. ScienceDirect. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S15258610163011

Contributor, N. T. (2021, August 16). Skeletal system 2: structure and function of the musculoskeletal system. Nursing Times. https://www.nursingtimes.net/clinical-archive/orthopaedics/skeletal-system-2-structure-and-function-of-the-musculoskeletal-system-24-02-2020/

 CK-12. (2016, October 19). 21.2 The Skeletal System. Retrieved December 19, 2021, from https://www.ck12.org/book/ck-12-biology/section/21.2/

Hello, I'm Kaitlyn Heckman and I will Be talking about The major functions of the Skeletal System and why this is important to know.

The skeletal system is very important for our body's health. The skeletal system does many things for our body such as being a support structure. It gives our body its shape, allows movement, makes red blood cells in the bone marrow, provides protection for organs, and stores minerals. Did you know when we are a baby we have more bones than when we are grown? It's true when we are babies we have around 300 bones and as we grow our bones fused together to make our current 206 bones. Most of these 206 bones are in our feet and hands which make up over ½ of all our bones. The bones in our body can be classified into 2 main groups: the axial and appendicular skeleton. The axial skeleton consists of our bones that are in our core whereas the bones in the appendicular skeleton are mainly in our legs and arms. Then we can classify and sort the bones into 4 different categories, long bones, short bones, flat bones, and irregular bones. Having all these classifications can help people like you and me better understand the complicated system that is our skeletal system.

This is relevant in many people's lives because of a friend or family member suffering from a bone disease such as osteoporosis or maybe you or someone you know could have broken a bone. For me, I remember when I was younger my little sister fractured her arm. Now I know the difference between a fracture and a break, see a fracture is basically a smaller break but it still needs to be professionally taken care of by a trained and licensed medical professional if possible or this could have negative effects later in life.

The reason you need to know this information is to better understand the way our bodies work and how they are all different from one another but also all work together to perform many important jobs for our body.

Intro:

Hello, I am Kaitlyn Heckman, and i will be talking about how addiction affects mental health and why some people may be more prone to addiction than others.

Facts:

Addiction is a serious problem that can really affect a person's mental health. Addiction can cause problems such as paranoia, depression, anxiety, aggression, hallucinations, and more. Compared with the general population, people addicted to drugs are roughly twice as likely to suffer from these disorders, with the reverse also true meaning that if you have pre-existing mental health problems then you are more likely to get addicted to drugs. Some drugs can lead to both short- and long-term changes and problems in the brain. Some people use them to try and deal with the symptoms of their mental illness. This is called 'self-medication'. Drugs and alcohol can make your mental illness worse. Some other ways someone might be more prone to getting addicted is genetics, in that their family history could be more susceptible to addiction-like if your father or mother was addicted to drugs you would have to be more cautious around those drugs because you might be more susceptible to getting addicted to that drug. Same goes if a pregnant woman takes drugs when she is pregnant the baby might have a more likelihood of being addicted to that drug later on in life.

Message:

Addiction and Mental health problems go hand in hand in many cases and can be more common than you think. In that more than one in four adults with mental health problems also have an addiction problem. Someone with a mental health problem and addiction must treat both issues to see true results and recovery. Treatment for both mental health problems and addiction may include rehabilitation, medications, support groups, and therapy. Addiction can affect everyone not just the use but their friends and family too. The best way to make sure you don't hurt yourself or your friends or family is to never start drugs or alcohol abuse and fall down the path of addiction in the first place.

Personal Story:

I have personal experience with addiction. I have none, not many people in my family suffer from a drug addiction that I know of. Though on the mental health factor depression runs in my family, genetically. So when thinking of drugs and alcohol and knowing how that can make dpression come on or more easily the best plan of action for my personal self would be to avoid excessive drug and alcohol use.

SOURCES:


https://www.drugabuse.gov/drug-topics/health-consequences-drug-misuse/mental-health-effects

https://www.rethink.org/advice-and-information/about-mental-illness/learn-more-about-conditions/drugs-alcohol-and-mental-health/

https://www.mentalhealth.gov/what-to-look-for/mental-health-substance-use-disorders

Hi, I'm Kaitlyn Heckman and I will be talking about controllable and uncontrollable risk factors of an injury. I will be using heart disease as an example.

Some Controllable risk factors include -


Smoking

High blood pressure

High blood cholesterol

High blood sugar (diabetes)

Obesity and overweight

Physical inactivity

Stress


Theirs are the factors that you can control by choosing to change or take control over such as smoking, can cause heart disease and if you choose to not smoke you could lower the risk factors for you of getting heart disease.

Some Uncontrollable risk factors include -


Age (the risk increases with age)

Gender (men develop CAD 10 years earlier than women)

Family history (genetic predisposition and common lifestyles increase risk)

Race (incidence is greater in some groups of African Americans, Hispanics, Asian Americans, native American Indians,)


These are common factors that can be considered uncontrollable things that increase your risk factors and probability of getting a heart disease.

Over time, these risk factors cause changes in the heart and blood vessels that can lead to heart attacks, and heart failure. It is critical to address risk factors early in life to prevent cardiovascular disease.

Heart disease is just one example of the differences in controllable and uncontrollable risk factors, there are many other examples, such as motor vehicle injuries, and bickering injuries, workout injuries and many more