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Thanksgiving is a time when we pretty much know what's going to be on the dinner table. It's almost religion that we have turkey, stuffing, pumpkin pie, cranberry sauce. But here's some hard truth: almost NONE of that was on the table at the first thanksgiving in 1621. CultureCast food editor Sasa Woodruff is here to blow our collective minds! 
 
Sasa also has some ideas for  old-school recipes for a more authentic Thanksgiving dinner. This come to us from Mrs. Hale's New Cook Book: 
 
Cider Shortcake:
"Cider cake is very good, to be baked in small loaves. 1 1/2 lb. of flour, half a pound of sugar, quarter of a pound of butter, half a pint of cider, 1 tea-spoonful of pearl ash; spice to your taste. Bake till it turns easily in the pans. I should think about half an hour."
                                                       
Pumpkin Pie (American)
"Take out the seeds, and pare the pumpkin or squash; but in taking out the seeds do not scrape the inside of the pumpkin; the part nearest the seed is the sweetest, then stew the pumpkin, and strain it through a sieve or cullender. To a quart of milk, for a family pie, 3 eggs are sufficient. Stir in the stewed pumpkin with your milk and beaten-up eggs, till it is as thick as you can stir round rapidly and easily. If the pie is wanted richer make it thinner, and add sweet cream or another egg or two; but even 1 egg to a quart of milk makes " very decent pies.” Sweeten with molasses or sugar; add 2 tea-spoonsful of salt, 2 table-spoons-ful of sifted cinnamon, and 1 of powdered ginger; but allspice may be used, or any other spice that may be preferred. The peel of a lemon grated in gives it a pleasant flavor. The more eggs, says an American authority, the better the pie. Some put 1 egg to a gill of milk. Bake about an hour in deep plates, or shallow dishes, without an upper crust, in a hot oven."

Pumpkin Pie (English)
 
"Take out the seeds, and grate the pumpkin till you come to the outside skin. Sweeten the pulp; add a little ground allspice, lemon peel and lemon juice ; in short, flavor it to the taste. Bake without an upper crust. "

 

Carrot Pies
 
"These pies are made like pumpkin pies. The carrots should be boiled very tender, skinned, and sifted."


 
Squash Pie
 
"Pare, take out the seeds, and stew the squash till very soft, and dry. Strain or rub it through a sieve or cullender. Mix this with good milk till it is thick as batter: sweeten it with sugar. Allow 3 eggs to a quart of milk, beat the eggs well, add them to the squash, and season with rose water, cinnamon, nutmeg, or whatever spices you like. Line a pie plate with crust, fill and bake about an hour."


 
Custard Pie
 
"Beat 7 eggs, sweeten a quart of rich milk, that has been boiled and cooled; a stick of cinnamon, or a bit of lemon peel should be boiled in it. Sprinkle in a salt-spoon of salt, add the eggs, and a grated nutmeg, stirring the whole together.

"Line 2 deep plates with good paste, set them in the oven 3 minutes to harden the crust ; then pour in the custard and bake 20 minutes."

Twenty three years ago, John Eger, a presidential advisor to Richard Nixon and Gerald Ford, predicted a digital "hell," in which the internet will fuel social divisions and spread misinformation so unchecked that it can threaten our sense of reality. 
We talk with Eger about how he could predict our current problems with such accuracy in 1995, what his proposed solutions were, and what he predicts for the next 20 years. 
Also, we debut a new feature: time capsule -- looking at some of what has been on our collective minds since our last episode. On our debut edition, we talk about the feud between Taylor Swift and Kim Kardashian-West, the hashtag campaign #WhyIDidn'tReport, and the video game phenomenon Fortnite.  

The migrant family separations that were undertaken by the Trump administration, in an effort to discourage immigration through the unequivocal prosecution of migrants and the separation of their children at the US-Mexico border, have taken a profound toll on the children and the adults. 
Much of that toll has been hidden from the public, but details are now beginning to emerge. Testimonies filed in federal court offer am arresting look at the suffering incurred by migrants during the months that the policy was in place. 
In this episode, we hear excerpts from some of those testimonies, read by actors. 
We are also looking at new summer food trends in our latest episode -- from the croissushi -- cross between a croissant and sushi -- to freak shakes. Not all of these are a good idea, but all are on the agenda during our conversation with CultureCast Food Editor Sasa Woodruff. 
CREDITS: Thanks to actors Zamara Jimenez, Jim McCaffree, Debba Rofheart and Jaime Soria for contributing to this episode. 
(Photo Courtesy: Nina Robinson / BBC World Service via Flickr-Creative Commons )

The forced family separations at the US-Mexico border that occurred under a get-tough immigration policy by the Trump administration have opened up the floodgates of comparisons to dark periods of recent human history in the US and elsewhere.
 
We speak to a London-based human rights expert about whether the comparisons are fair, and the danger signs he sees in events in the US and Europe.  
 
Meanwhile, Michelle Obama, speaking about her upcoming memoir "Becoming," offers words of inspiration to counter the very world events that are causing such dark comparisons. 
 
(Photo courtesy: Romel Jacinto  / Flickr https://www.flickr.com/photos/37degrees/ )
 

An unlikely video has gone viral online -- sparking debate over whether it is an example of the type of sexism women have had to battle for generations or an innocent relic of its time. 
The video is of a 1970 BBC interview with Janet Fookes, at the time a newly-elected member of Britain's parliament. In it, the interviewers seem more interested with the lawmaker's personal life and looks than her opinions and politics. 
The video has inspired recent news stories. But no one has heard from the subject of the video: Janet Fookes. 
On our latest episode, the Baroness Fookes of the UK's House of Lords joins us for an extended interview about that BBC appearance five decades ago, her sudden Internet celebrity, and her assessment of women's progress over the decades. 
 

On this episode: mass shootings and the media. 
 
After the high school shooting in Parkland, Florida, one idea for change has gained ground -- restricting children's access to violent popular  entertainment such as video games and movies. 
 
"I'm hearing more and more people say the level of violence on video games is really shaping young people's thoughts," President Donald Trump said days after the tragedy. 
 
The idea is not new. For decades, politicians and others have pointed to the role violent imagery might play in shaping children's thoughts and in affecting their mental health. 
 
Students of Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School have had other ideas. They want the focus on guns. 
 
"We need to pay attention to the fact that this isn't just a mental health issue. He wouldn't have hurt that many students with a knife," said Emma Gonzalez at a powerful rally. 
 
We take a look at how Parkland students have upended  the usual mass shooting narrative. 
 
We also look at how the news media is debating whether its coverage of mass shootings has been too sanitized.   Nicole Dahmen of the University of Oregon has studied that very issue and joins us in conversation.  
 
 
"We do have some evidence that suggests that images can hit us in the gut," Dahmen said.  
 
The question, she said, is how to balance the public's interest in knowing about the horrors of mass shootings with the media's responsibilities to not exploit the tragedy.