通勤學英語 15Mins Today fifteenmins

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國際時事跟讀 Ep.K803: Record Number of Students Sit China's Gaokao Exam Amid AI Monitoring

Highlights 主題摘要：
The gaokao, China's national college entrance exam, is a highly competitive and grueling test that determines admission to the country's top universities, with a record 13.4 million students sitting the exam this year.The immense pressure to perform well in the gaokao is amplified by China's slowing economic growth and rising youth unemployment, making the exam a test of both academic knowledge and mental resilience.To combat cheating and ensure fairness, several Chinese provinces have introduced artificial intelligence (AI) to monitor the gaokao, detecting abnormal behaviors through image and video data, although human officials remain the final decision-makers.
A record-breaking 13.4 million Chinese high school students are sitting the highly competitive and grueling national college entrance exam, known as the "gaokao." Dubbed the "world's toughest" college entrance exam by Chinese state media, the two-day test is the culmination of 12 years of learning and the sole determinant for admission into the country's top universities. With China's slowing economic growth and rising youth unemployment, the pressure to perform well in the exam has never been higher. The gaokao is not only a test of academic knowledge but also a test of endurance and mental resilience.

創紀錄的 1340 萬名中國高中生正在參加競爭激烈且艱難的全國大學入學考試「高考」。這場為期兩天的考試被中國官方媒體譽為「世界上最難的」大學入學考試，是 12 年學習的集大成，也是進入中國頂尖大學的唯一決定因素。隨著中國經濟增長放緩和青年失業率上升，在考試中取得好成績的壓力比以往任何時候都要大。高考不僅是一場學術知識的考驗，也是一場耐力和心理韌性的考驗。

The gaokao covers subjects such as Chinese literature, math, English, physics, chemistry, politics, and history, with each test lasting less than two hours. Unlike the SAT in the United States, the majority of Chinese students only have one chance to take the exam. On the first day of the gaokao, anxious parents, dressed in red for good luck, waited outside school gates after sending their children into the exam halls. Authorities have implemented various measures to maintain order and stability around the examination sites, including deploying traffic police and accepting taxi bookings for students a week in advance. Chinese social media platforms were flooded with good-luck messages and encouragement for the exam takers.

高考涵蓋的科目有中國文學、數學、英語、物理、化學、政治和歷史，每場考試的時間都不到兩個小時。與美國的 SAT 考試不同，絕大多數中國學生只有一次機會參加考試。在高考的第一天，焦慮的家長身穿紅色衣服以求好運，在將孩子送入考場後在校門外等候。當局已經採取各種措施來維持考點周圍的秩序和穩定，包括部署

鍾欣凌推薦！一餐一粒，醣醣正正好容易

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🏆含鉻＋鋅 維持醣類正常代謝


—— 以上為 FMTaiwan 與 Firstory Podcast 廣告 ——




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Autobahn Speed Limits? Voting With Lead Feet

It seemed like a no-brainer: Lower Germany’s embarrassingly high carbon emissions at no cost, and save some lives in the process.
這聽起來是個不費腦筋的好主意：不須付出成本，便減低德國高得使人羞愧的碳排放量，還可以順道拯救人命。

But when a government-appointed commission in January dared to float the idea of a speed limit on the autobahn, the country’s storied highway network, it almost caused rioting.
Irate drivers took to the airwaves. Union leaders menacingly put on their yellow vests, hinting at street protests. And the far-right opposition used the opportunity to rage against the “stranglehold” of the state.
然而，當政府指派的委員會元月大膽提出在德國名聞全球的高速公路上設速限的構想時，卻幾乎引發暴動。
暴怒的開車族在廣播裡抱怨，工會領袖意帶威脅地穿上黃背心，暗示將上街抗議。極右派反對黨趁機對國家的「箝制」大事撻伐。

A highway speed limit was “contrary to every common sense,” the transport minister, Andreas Scheuer, swiftly declared, contradicting his own experts.And that was that.
德國運輸部長安德烈・舒爾很快就宣布，給高速公路設速限「完全違反常情」，立場和自己的專家團隊相牴觸。此事就此打消。

As far as quasi-religious national obsessions go for large portions of a country’s population, the German aversion to speed limits on the autobahn is up there with gun control in America, whaling in Japan and sovereignty in Britain.
就一國高比例人口近乎宗教信仰式的執念而言，德國人對高速公路限速的反感之深，一如美國人對於槍枝管制，日本人對於捕鯨，和英國人對於主權。

With few exceptions, like Afghanistan and the Isle of Man, there are highway speed limits essentially everywhere else in the world.
世界上除了阿富汗和英國曼島等極少數例外，其他地方的公路基本上都有速限。

But this is Germany, the self-declared “auto nation,” where Carl Benz built the first automobile and where cars are not only the proudest export item but also a symbol of national identity.
但這可是自詡為「汽車王國」的德國，卡爾·賓士在這裡造出第一輛汽車，汽車不僅是令人驕傲的出口品，還是國家身分的象徵。

It’s also the country where, in darker times, Hitler laid the groundwork for a network of multilane highways that in the postwar years came to epitomize economic success — and freedom.
同樣的這個國家，在它較黯淡的時代，希特勒打下多車道高速公路系統的基礎，而這系統在戰後年月裡成為經

用歌詞講述故事，聽歌聲唱遊時代，
臺北流行音樂中心「唱 我們的歌 流行音樂故事展」，
串聯13個展區，16 位引言人，113 首歌曲， 1400 件展品，
用音樂穿梭臺灣的過去和未來。

展覽詳情請點擊連結：
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—— 以上為 Firstory Podcast 廣告 ——




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15Mins 通勤家族大家好，我們這週一第一次的VIP會員線上聚大成功！感謝有你，VIP會員的支持與收聽，我們從創始VIP會員制開始到現在，已經製作了135集、超過20小時的國際時事跟讀，以及34集的15Mins Cafe英語咖啡館、每週學習筆記超過20頁的內容!

在過去的半年裡，有哪些單集是你印象最深，或者是最喜歡的呢？我們製作的多元內容，核心就是希望帶給大家看到生活不同層面的英語學習，讓英語充滿了你的生活。有什麼回饋與留言，都可以來信或用留言連結來告訴我們喔！

歡迎加入我們 15Mins.Today 通勤家庭，一起勇敢開口說英語。也歡迎你來信到 ask15mins@gmail.com 與我們分享你的學習心得或提出任何問題，讓John老師陪你一起加油、一起進步！

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This week, Angel is chatting with us from Hong Kong and the conversation started because she just brought her dad to Nagoya on a trip. In this episode, I'll share my childhood travels and how my travel attitude upsetted my parents on the long road trips we took.

This discussion will be continued in the next episode, and we will cover the tips for taking your elderly parents on trips. What is your recent travel experience with your elderly parents? Share with me using the comment below and I'll share the good tips with the rest of the 15Mins fam!

Hope you will enjoy this episode with us as much as we enjoyed producing it!

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鍾欣凌推薦！一餐一粒，醣醣正正好容易

#達摩本草山苦瓜胜肽！👉 https://fstry.pse.is/63gu37

維持健康，不必吃苦，美國專利認證

🏆山苦瓜胜肽穩定代謝

🏆含鉻＋鋅 維持醣類正常代謝


—— 以上為 FMTaiwan 與 Firstory Podcast 廣告 ——




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國際時事跟讀VIP Ep.K799: Bird Flu Outbreak Raises Concerns in the United States

Highlights 主題摘要：
The recent bird flu outbreak in the U.S. has affected poultry, dairy herds, and raised concerns about the safety of meat and milk products.Despite the outbreak, health officials emphasize that the risk to public health remains low, with rare human cases and no person-to-person transmission.The economic impact of the outbreak is uncertain, but it could potentially affect egg and beef markets, leading to higher consumer prices.
The recent outbreak of bird flu (Type A H5N1) in the United States has raised concerns among health officials and the public. The virus has been detected in wild birds, commercial poultry operations, and backyard flocks across the country, leading to the death of tens of millions of chickens. Additionally, the virus has been found in dairy herds in five states, including Idaho, Kansas, Michigan, New Mexico, and Texas, as of Tuesday. The U.S. government is collecting samples of ground beef at retail stores in affected states for testing to verify the safety of milk and meat products.

最近美國爆發的禽流感（Type A H5N1）疫情已經引起衛生官員和公眾的關注。該病毒已在全國的野生鳥類、商業家禽業和後院家禽群中被檢測到，導致數千萬隻雞的死亡。此外，截至週二，該病毒已在五個州的乳牛群中被發現，包括愛達荷州、堪薩斯州、密西根州、新墨西哥州和德克薩斯州。美國政府正在受影響州的零售商店收集牛絞肉樣本進行檢測，以驗證牛奶和肉類產品的安全性。

Despite the rising concern, health officials emphasize that the risk to the public remains low. Dr. Mandy Cohen, the director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), stated that the agency is taking bird flu seriously but stressed that the virus has been well studied and prepared for over the past two decades. The current strain is not new, and scientists have been monitoring its evolution and spread among various animal species since 2020. The World Health Organization (WHO) has also stated that the overall public health risk is low, although it is higher for those with exposure to infected animals.

儘管關注度不斷上升，但衛生官員強調，公眾面臨的風險仍然很低。美國疾病管制與預防中心主任曼迪・科恩（Mandy Cohen）博士表示，該機構正在認真對待禽流感，但強調該病毒已經被充分研究，並為此準備了二十多年。目前的毒株並不陌生，科學家們自 2020 年以來一直在監測它在各種動物物種中的進化和傳播。世界衛生組織也表示，儘管接觸受感染動物的人面臨更高風

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—— 以上為播客煮與 Firstory Podcast 廣告 ——




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Topic: The ‘Right to Repair’ Movement Gains Ground

If you buy a product — a car, a smartphone, or even a tractor — and it breaks, should it be easier for you to fix it yourself?
如果你買了一個產品，例如一輛汽車、一部智慧型手機，甚至是一台拖拉機，結果它壞了，是不是應該讓你自己修理起來更容易些呢？

Manufacturers of a wide range of products have made it increasingly difficult over the years to repair things, for instance by limiting availability of parts or by putting prohibitions on who gets to tinker with them. It affects not only game consoles or farm equipment, but cellphones, military gear, refrigerators, automobiles and even hospital ventilators, the lifesaving devices that have proved crucial this year in fighting the COVID-19 pandemic.
多年來，許多種產品的製造商都讓維修變得愈來愈困難，比如限制零件的取得，或對何人有權動手維修施加限制。受影響的產品不止於遊戲主機或農用機具，還有手機、軍用設備、冰箱、汽車，甚至包括今年對抗新冠病毒疫情發揮關鍵作用的救生設備—醫院裡的呼吸器。

Now, a movement known as “right to repair” is starting to make progress in pushing for laws that prohibit restrictions like these.
現在，一項名為「維修權」的運動在推動禁止此類限制的立法上，正取得進展。

In August, Democrats introduced a bill in Congress to block manufacturers’ limits on medical devices, spurred by the pandemic. In Europe, the European Commission announced plans in March for new right-to-repair rules that would cover phones, tablets and laptops by 2021.
今年8月，美國民主黨因防疫需要而在國會提出一項法案，旨在阻止製造商對醫療裝置設下限制。在歐洲，歐盟執行委員會3月宣布了新的維修權規定計畫，在2021年以前實施，涵蓋手機、平板電腦和筆記型電腦。

And in more than 20 statehouses nationwide, right-to-repair legislation has been introduced in recent years by both Republicans and Democrats.
近年來，在全美國20多個州的議會裡，共和黨和民主黨都提出了維修權法案。

Over the summer, the House advanced a funding bill that includes a requirement that the Federal Trade Commission complete a report on anti-competitive practices in the repair market and present its findings to Congress and the public.
今年夏天，眾議院推動了一項資助法案，其中責成聯邦貿易委員會做成一份關於維修市場反競爭行為的報告，並向國會和民眾提交調查結果。

The goal of right-to-repair rules, advocates say, is to require comp