The Integrated Schools Podcast Andrew Lefkowits, Val Brown, Courtney Mykytyn

 In 1954’s Brown v Board decision, the Supreme Court ruled that separate was inherently unequal. However, the Brown II decision a year later said that fixing our separate education system should happen with “all deliberate speed.” The deliberate speed in most places was glacial, leading many local communities to file law suits demanding action. These local desegregation cases happened across the country following similar patterns, but varying due to local contexts. We started with a three-part series on Denver. This is our second deep dive into one of those stories, this time focusing on Charlotte, NC.
In 1971, the Supreme Court ruled in Swann v Charlotte - Mecklenburg Board of Education that, among other things, student assignment policies that involved bussing kids to achieve racial balance was a legitimate remedy for districts violating the mandate of the Brown decision. Eventually embraced by the city, the decision, and the bussing plan it led to, were held up as a model for the country of how to do desegregation right. Business boomed in Charlotte, in part because of the community embrace of school desegregation. Twenty eight years later, in Capacchione v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Schools, the district court ruled that Charlotte-Mecklenburg had complied with the Swan decision "to the extent reasonably practicable", and terminated the desegregation order, declaring it a "unitary system."  Much like many other cities around the country, once the court was no longer mandating desegregation, the district began to re-segregate. Today, with nearly 75% of CMS students identifying as students of color, and massive segregation both racially and socio-economically, the district is struggling to serve all kids well.
Dr. James Ford grew up in Illinois and was bussed through a desegregation plan premised on the Swann decision. While the additional resources this provided were important, he experienced an educational environment that felt unwelcoming, and, at times, outwardly hostile. He made it his life's work to dismantle the systemic racism that caused that harm. Eventually landing in Charlotte as a teacher, he wanted to understand the history of the city and choices made by the people in power that led to him teaching in a highly segregated high school named after the superintendent who had overseen the nationally lauded desegregation plans of the 70s.
His commitment to dismantle racism through the field of education led him to create the Center for Racial Equity in Education, where he serves as the executive director, working to "serve each and every child by also making students of color central to every facet of how schools function." He joins us to share the history of Charlotte, and his current work.
You can support his important work by donating here.
LINKS:


The Center for Racial Equity in Education - CREED

Dr. Ford's Op-Ed on segregation


Swann v Charlotte - Mecklenburg Board of Education

Capacchione v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Schools


The Dudley Flood Center's North Carolina School Desegregation and Resegregation Timeline


Integrated Schools' local chapters and networks


The Legacy and Philanthropy of Anna T Jeanes

S10E11 - Local Stories of Desegregation: Denver (Part 1)

S10E11 - Local Stories of Desegregation: Denver (Part 2)

S10E11 - Local Stories of Desegregation: Denver (Part 3)


Check out our Bookshop.org storefront to support local bookstores, and send a portion of the proceeds back to us.
Join our Patreon to support this work, and connect with us and other listeners to discuss these issues even further.
Let us know what you think of this episode, suggest future topics, or share your story with us – IntegratedSchools on Facebook, or email us podcast@integratedschools.org.
The Integrated Schools Podcast was created by Courtney Mykytyn and Andrew Lefkowits.
This episode was produced by Andrew Lefkowits and Val Brown. It was edited, and mixed by Andrew Lefkowi

 In 2021, 80% of teachers in our country's public schools were White, while just 6% were Black. That same year, 54% of public school students were students of color, and 15% were Black. We also know of the extensive research showing the positive impacts of Black teachers on all kids, but especially on Black kids. However, as we learned last episode from Dr. Leslie Fenwick, we lost over 100,000 Black teachers in the wake of desegregation attempt, and the Black teacher pipeline was crushed through explicit and implicit government action. In 2019, Sharif El-Mekki founded The Center for Black Educator Development to do something about it. With a commitment to the "deeply subversive act of teaching superbly", they are targeting interventions to increase the number of Black teachers so Black and other disenfranchised students can reap the full benefits of a quality public education.
Mr. El-Mekki joins us to discuss his work, and explain how it is rooted in a Black educational tradition that stretches back generations. His teaching and leading is informed by his own upbringing attending a Black freedom school in Philadelphia, his experience as a teacher and school leader, and the teacher activists who poured into him throughout his life.
 
LINKS:

The Center for Black Educator Development


Philly's 7th Ward - Mr. El-Mekki's blog

The 8 Black Hands Podcast


Reviving the Legacy of the Black Teacher Tradition - Mr. El-Mekki's TED Talk

S10E14 - Jim Crow's Pink Slip with Dr. Leslie Fenwick


Ep 5 - Interview with a Skeptic - Chris Stewart on our show

The Nguzo Saba

 
Check out our Bookshop.org storefront to support local bookstores, and send a portion of the proceeds back to us.
Join our Patreon to support this work, and connect with us and other listeners to discuss these issues even further.
Let us know what you think of this episode, suggest future topics, or share your story with us – IntegratedSchools on Facebook, or email us podcast@integratedschools.org.
The Integrated Schools Podcast was created by Courtney Mykytyn and Andrew Lefkowits.
This episode was produced by Andrew Lefkowits and Val Brown. It was edited, and mixed by Andrew Lefkowits.
Music by Kevin Casey.
 
 

 Seventeen years after the Brown v Board decision, in 1971, US Senator Walter Mondale chaired a number of Select Committee hearings on Equal Educational Opportunity. One of these hearings focused on what was happening to Black teachers and principals as the country begrudgingly worked to desegregate our schools. The hearing featured testimony and supplemental documentation calling attention to the vast number of Black teachers who were losing their jobs in the Southern, dual-system states. Despite Brown's promise of desegregated schools including faculty and staff in addition to students, districts across the South were finding ways to remove Black teachers and principals, rather than allowing them to teach White kids. 
The transcripts from these hearings quite literally fell into Dr. Leslie Fenwick's lap as she began a PhD program in educational policy. The stories they held matched her own lived experience. Stories of highly qualified, highly educated Black teachers who served as community leaders, and fostered a sense of belonging and empowerment among their Black students was what Dr. Fenwick and her parents and grandparents had known. And yet, as she embarked on her PhD program, these stories weren't being told. Eventually, these transcripts would form the primary evidentiary basis for her bestselling 2022 book, Jim Crow's Pink Slip: The Untold Story of Black Principal and Teacher Leadership. 
She joins us to talk about the book, her journey to writing it, and what understanding this untold history means for the ongoing quest for more teachers of color. 
 
LINKS: 


Jim Crow's Pink Slip: The Untold Story of Black Principal and Teacher Leadership  


Transcript for the Senate Select Committee Hearing on the loss of Black Teachers


Dunbar High School - Washington, DC


Sumner Academy of Arts and Science - Kansas City, MO

The Summer of Soul documentary


Whitey On The Moon - Gil Scott-Heron

Sharif El-Mekki - The Center for Black Educator Development


 
Check out our Bookshop.org storefront to support local bookstores, and send a portion of the proceeds back to us.
Join our Patreon to support this work, and connect with us and other listeners to discuss these issues even further.
Let us know what you think of this episode, suggest future topics, or share your story with us – IntegratedSchools on Facebook, or email us podcast@integratedschools.org.
The Integrated Schools Podcast was created by Courtney Mykytyn and Andrew Lefkowits.
This episode was produced by Andrew Lefkowits and Val Brown. It was edited, and mixed by Andrew Lefkowits.
Music by Kevin Casey.

PART 3 of 3
In 1954’s Brown v Board decision, the Supreme Court ruled that separate was inherently unequal. However, the Brown II decision a year later said that fixing our separate education system should happen with “all deliberate speed.” The deliberate speed in most places was glacial, leading many local communities to file law suits demanding action. These local desegregation cases happened across the country following similar patterns, but varying due to local contexts. We are going to dive into several of these local stories in the coming months, and we are starting today with Denver, CO.
In 1973, the Supreme Court ruled in favor of the plaintiffs in Keyes v. Denver Public Schools, requiring Denver to desegregate its schools. This led to 21 years of court ordered desegregation, including through the use of busing. A local educational advocacy organization, Park Hill Neighbors for Equity in Education, recently hosted an event to commemorate the anniversary and reflect on the promises made at the time of the case, and the ways we have failed to live up to them.
Over the course of three episodes, we will be bringing you audio from that event. Our hope is that by understanding local stories, we can see national themes emerge that may help chart a path forward.
If you have a local story of desegregation to share, let us know! Record a voice memo and email it to podcast@integratedschools.org, or visit Speakpipe.com/integratedschools.
LINKS:

A video of the full event – Integration and Equity in DPS 50 Years After Keyes


Park Hill Neighbors for Equity in Education’s website – PHNEE.org


The slideshow from the event


Comments from the participants at the event

Pat Pascoe’s book – A Dream of Justice: The Story of Keyes v Denver Public Schools‘

Tomàs Monarrez on our show - S7E4 – Redrawing the Lines: Undoing the History of Segregation


EPIC Youth Theater on our show

S6E2 – EPIC’s “Nothing About Us”: Youth Theater on Integration

S9E10 – Between The Lines: An EPIC Comeback

S5E4 – All I Want for Christmas is 3.5%

Rucker Johnson’s book – Children of The Dream


A visual timeline of the Keyes case prepared by Laura Lefkowits

Andrew on Brother Jeff’s show talking about Integrated Schools and the event


Milliken v Bradley – which includes Justice Thurgood Marshall’s powerful dissent


Our episode with Michelle Adams about the Milliken case

More resources from PHNEE

Check out our Bookshop.org storefront to support local bookstores, and send a portion of the proceeds back to us.
Join our Patreon to support this work, and connect with us and other listeners to discuss these issues even further.
Let us know what you think of this episode, suggest future topics, or share your story with us – IntegratedSchools on Facebook, or email us podcast@integratedschools.org.
The Integrated Schools Podcast was created by Courtney Mykytyn and Andrew Lefkowits.
This episode was produced by Andrew Lefkowits and Val Brown. It was edited, and mixed by Andrew Lefkowits.
Music by Kevin Casey.

PART 2 of 3
In 1954's Brown v Board decision, the Supreme Court ruled that separate was inherently unequal. However, the Brown II decision a year later said that fixing our separate education system should happen with "all deliberate speed." The deliberate speed in most places was glacial, leading many local communities to file law suits demanding action. These local desegregation cases happened across the country following similar patterns, but varying due to local contexts. We are going to dive into several of these local stories in the coming months, and we are starting today with Denver, CO. 
In 1973, the Supreme Court ruled in favor of the plaintiffs in Keyes v. Denver Public Schools, requiring Denver to desegregate its schools. This led to 21 years of court ordered desegregation, including through the use of busing. A local educational advocacy organization, Park Hill Neighbors for Equity in Education, recently hosted an event to commemorate the anniversary and reflect on the promises made at the time of the case, and the ways we have failed to live up to them. 
Over the next three episodes, we will be bringing you audio from that event. Our hope is that by understanding local stories, we can see national themes emerge that may help chart a path forward. 
If you have a local story of desegregation to share, let us know! Record a voice memo and email it to podcast@integratedschools.org, or visit Speakpipe.com/integratedschools.
LINKS:

A video of the full event - Integration and Equity in DPS 50 Years After Keyes


Park Hill Neighbors for Equity in Education's website - PHNEE.org


The slideshow from the event


Comments from the participants at the event

Pat Pascoe's book - A Dream of Justice: The Story of Keyes v Denver Public Schools'

S5E4 - All I Want for Christmas is 3.5%

Rucker Johnson's book - Children of The Dream


A visual timeline of the Keyes case prepared by Laura Lefkowits

Andrew on Brother Jeff's show talking about Integrated Schools and the event


Milliken v Bradley - which includes Justice Thurgood Marshall's powerful dissent


Our episode with Michelle Adams about the Milliken case

More resources from PHNEE

Check out our Bookshop.org storefront to support local bookstores, and send a portion of the proceeds back to us.
Join our Patreon to support this work, and connect with us and other listeners to discuss these issues even further.
Let us know what you think of this episode, suggest future topics, or share your story with us – IntegratedSchools on Facebook, or email us podcast@integratedschools.org.
The Integrated Schools Podcast was created by Courtney Mykytyn and Andrew Lefkowits.
This episode was produced by Andrew Lefkowits and Val Brown. It was edited, and mixed by Andrew Lefkowits.
Music by Kevin Casey.

 In 1954's Brown v Board decision, the Supreme Court ruled that separate was inherently unequal. However, the Brown II decision a year later said that fixing our separate education system should happen with "all deliberate speed." The deliberate speed in most places was glacial, leading many local communities to file law suits demanding action. These local desegregation cases happened across the country following similar patterns, but varying due to local contexts. We are going to dive into several of these local stories in the coming months, and we are starting today with Denver, CO. 
In 1973, the Supreme Court ruled in favor of the plaintiffs in Keyes v. Denver Public Schools, requiring Denver to desegregate its schools. This led to 21 years of court ordered desegregation, including through the use of busing. A local educational advocacy organization, Park Hill Neighbors for Equity in Education, recently hosted an event to commemorate the anniversary and reflect on the promises made at the time of the case, and the ways we have failed to live up to them. 
Over the next three episodes, we will be bringing you audio from that event. Our hope is that by understanding local stories, we can see national themes emerge that may help chart a path forward. 
If you have a local story of desegregation to share, let us know! Record a voice memo and email it to podcast@integratedschools.org, or visit Speakpipe.com/integratedschools.
LINKS:

A video of the full event - Integration and Equity in DPS 50 Years After Keyes


Park Hill Neighbors for Equity in Education's website - PHNEE.org


The slideshow from the event


Comments from the participants at the event

Pat Pascoe's book - A Dream of Justice: The Story of Keyes v Denver Public Schools


A visual timeline of the Keyes case prepared by Laura Lefkowits

Andrew on Brother Jeff's show talking about Integrated Schools and the event


Milliken v Bradley - which includes Justice Thurgood Marshall's powerful dissent


Our episode with Michelle Adams about the Milliken case

More resources from PHNEE

Check out our Bookshop.org storefront to support local bookstores, and send a portion of the proceeds back to us.
Join our Patreon to support this work, and connect with us and other listeners to discuss these issues even further.
Let us know what you think of this episode, suggest future topics, or share your story with us – IntegratedSchools on Facebook, or email us podcast@integratedschools.org.
The Integrated Schools Podcast was created by Courtney Mykytyn and Andrew Lefkowits.
This episode was produced by Andrew Lefkowits and Val Brown. It was edited, and mixed by Andrew Lefkowits.
Music by Kevin Casey.