Military History Plus Dr Spencer Jones & Prof Gary Sheffield

In this second episode on Winston Churchill and War, Gary and Spencer discuss Churchill’s military experience and leadership during the Great War. They begin by reviewing historical and academic books on Churchill’s career and his time during the Great War. They then move on to explore Churchill’s initial role during the conflict as the First Lord of the Admiralty. However, his tenure was marred by the Gallipoli Campaign, a failed amphibious assault on the Ottoman Empire, for which he faced criticism . Later, he voluntarily resigned and joined the British Army, serving on the Western Front as a battalion commander. His hands-on experience in the trenches provided invaluable insight into the realities of combat and bolstered his political credibility, helping him rehabilitate his reputation and career damaged by the Gallipoli fiasco. After leaving the Western Front, Winston Churchill's role in the Great War shifted to the political arena. He returned to government service and held various ministerial positions, including Minister of Munitions and Secretary of State for War. In these roles, he focused on strengthening Britain's war effort by increasing arms production and coordinating military logistics. Churchill's leadership and administrative skills were instrumental in ensuring the efficient functioning of the war machine. Additionally, he continued to advocate for military strategy and provided strategic advice to senior commanders, contributing to the overall Allied war effort.

In this episode, Gary and Spencer delve deep into the early life, career, and complex character of Winston Churchill, an influential and often controversial figure in Britain's military, political and imperial history. This episode is the first of a short series and covers Churchills early life up to the end of the Second South African War (Boer War) in 1901/2. With a keen focus on Churchill's intricate relationship with war, they offer insightful perspectives on his roles as a man, politician, and military leader in his early life. They start out by considering books on Churchill that they feel give an insight to the man and his legacy. Born in 1874 at Blenheim Palace, he was the progeny of Lord Randolph Churchill, a prominent Conservative politician, and the American heiress Jennie Jerome. Churchill's formative years were marked by familial tension, with his parents often absorbed in their political endeavours. Largely raised by a nanny, he attended various schools before graduating from the Royal Military College, Sandhurst, in 1895, following the passing of his father. In the late 1890s, Churchill embarked on a series of adventurous military and journalistic ventures. Commissioned as a second lieutenant in the 4th Queen's Own Hussars, he actively sought engagement in conflicts, witnessing upheavals in Cuba and India. Concurrently, he pursued a path of self-education and literary exploration, laying the groundwork for his burgeoning writing career. His participation in military campaigns, coupled with his role as a journalist in the Sudan, provided invaluable insights that would shape his future political trajectory. Transitioning into the realms of politics and journalism, Churchill faced initial setbacks, notably in the 1899 Oldham by-election where he was unsuccessful as a Conservative candidate. Undeterred, he ventured to South Africa as a journalist to cover the Second Boer War. However, his journey took a dramatic turn when he was captured and briefly held as a prisoner of war before orchestrating a daring escape, capturing the attention of the public. Upon his return to Britain, he secured a seat as a Member of Parliament for Oldham in 1900. Continuing his journalistic pursuits, he penned compelling accounts of his experiences in South Africa and embarked on captivating lecture tours, solidifying his reputation as a multifaceted public figure with a profound interest in both politics and literature.

In the fifth episode, Gary and Spencer bring the two-part investigation on battlefield tours to a conclusion. They reflect on how visiting battlefield sites provides a tangible connection to military history, offering insights into the terrain, topography, and environmental conditions of past conflicts. The hosts contemplate the impact of monuments on these historic landscapes, exploring how these structures can both enhance and impede people's understanding of a battle's unfolding narrative. The episode concludes with thoughtful considerations of the dos and don'ts for aspiring battlefield guides, interwoven with the hosts' personal reflections on leading these immersive tours.

In the captivating fourth episode of this series, Gary and Spencer delve into the intriguing world of battlefield tours. Together, they unravel the essence, value, and evolution of these immersive experiences. Embarking on a journey through their initial battlefield tours in England, they dissect the various typologies that shape these historical expeditions. The episode distinguishes between the roles of battlefield guides and battlefield historians, emphasizing the vital insights both roles bring to comprehending military history. This episode serves as the commencement of a two-part investigation.

In the third episode of this series, Gary and Spencer turn the spotlight onto the audience as they respond to a myriad of listener questions spanning various facets of military history. Navigating through inquiries from their engaged audience, the hosts provide insightful and informative responses, creating a dynamic dialogue that adds an interactive and participatory dimension to the exploration of military history. From inquiries about the revolutionary nature of the French armies of the 1790s to favourite war films and other topics, the hosts offer a diverse range of topics.

In the concluding episode of their three-part series on the historiography of Britain and the Great War, Gary and Spencer explore the period leading up to the Great War Centenary in 2014. They delve into the impact of this commemorative milestone on public perceptions and historical narratives. The episode spotlights the significant contributions of historians Robin Prior and Trevor Wilson to our understanding of the Western Front, examining their methodologies and research. Additionally, the hosts discuss Tim Travers' insights at the intersection of politics and military history, the influential perspectives of Paddy Griffith on military tactics, and the nuanced contributions of Peter Simkins to the broader historiography of the Great War.