Startup Project: Build the future

Nataraj

Conversations with founders, operators and investors who are building the future. Listen to find the stories, ideas, tactics & investments behind the products that will define the future of technology. https://startupproject.substack.com/

  1. 2d ago

    How Postman Became the World's Leading API Platform | Co-Founder & CEO of Postman Abhinav Asthana

    Postman is the world's leading API platform, trusted by more than 40 million developers and 98% of the Fortune 500. In this episode, we trace how Postman went from a developer's side project into a global, AI-native enterprise platform. Abhinav Asthana shares how Postman reached profitability before raising venture capital, why developer products are so hard to monetize, why he refused to sell and moved from India to the US, and how AI agents are reshaping the company's next decade. Key topics: Building Postman as a side project to solve API testingReaching Ramen profitability with in-product upgradesWhy developer products are hard to monetizeTurning down acquisition and moving from India to the USSingle-player tool to enterprise API platformBuilding in India vs. the USAI agents as a new class of API consumersAstro, Passport, Fabric, and Fern — the agent-native stackThoughts on "token maxing" and AI spendTimestamps: 00:00 - Introduction: Postman and Abhinav's journey 02:15 - Before Postman: becoming a developer in India 05:06 - BITS 360: the virtual campus tour that started it all 07:09 - Monetizing mobile and the rise of Instagram 08:32 - Parting ways and hacking on Postman on the side 09:08 - The original problem: testing APIs 11:05 - From side project to the main thing 11:58 - The first signals of demand (Chrome Web Store) 13:18 - Reaching Ramen profitability with upgrade packs 15:52 - Realizing Postman was a venture-scale business 17:46 - The enterprise journey and product validation 20:22 - Why he refused to sell Postman 22:10 - Moving to the US as an Indian founder 24:38 - What made Postman compound 27:01 - Why developers are hard to serve 28:32 - How vibe coding and agents change API consumption 35:02 - Building in India vs. the US 38:59 - How AI changed how Postman operates 41:22 - Thoughts on "token maxing" 43:55 - Inside Astro: an agentic operating system 45:17 - The agent identity Passport 47:08 - Where Postman goes in three to five years 48:27 - IPO plans? Resources & Links: Postman → https://www.postman.com/ Abhinav Asthana → https://www.linkedin.com/in/abhinavasthana/ Nataraj Sindam → https://www.linkedin.com/in/natarajsindam/ Startup Project Episodes → https://thestartupproject.io/episodes

    How Postman Became the World's Leading API Platform | Co-Founder & CEO of Postman Abhinav Asthana
  2. Aug 13

    Bringing Robotics for Electronics Manufacturing & AI Infrastructure | Bright Machines Founder

    Startup Project sits down with Sviat, CEO of Bright Machines, to unpack how the company is using software-first robotics to manufacture complex electronics closer to where they’re deployed. The conversation focuses on why AI infrastructure is a strategic category, how Bright Machines differs from traditional contract manufacturing, and what onshoring really means for speed, quality, and security. Key Topics: In this episode, Sviat explains that Bright Machines is focused on AI infrastructure, specifically the electronics that go inside modern data centers, including compute nodes, storage, and racks.He traces the company’s thesis back to a broader idea: use software and robotics to manufacture electronics anywhere, then narrow that focus to the data center market as demand became clearer.The discussion breaks down the market stack, from chip designers like NVIDIA and AMD, to ODMs, OEMs, hyperscalers, and contract manufacturers.Sviat shares why data center hardware became the right bet before ChatGPT accelerated the market: the products are expensive, strategically important, and driven by quality and throughput more than labor cost alone.The show compares traditional assembly lines with Bright Machines’ approach, which uses more robotics, sensors, cameras, traceability, and humans in the loop where automation does not make sense.Sviat explains how Bright Machines starts with design, using Bright Designer to simulate and improve manufacturability before lines are built, which helps reduce bottlenecks and improve automation over time.He says the company’s main differentiator is its software platform, which orchestrates the line, powers smart skills for navigation and inspection, collects data, and feeds insights back into design.The conversation covers line flexibility, including how much can be reused when switching between CPU, GPU, or different accelerator-based server designs, and when end-of-arm tooling must change.Sviat says Bright Machines is growing rapidly, expects more than 3x growth this year, and can produce high volumes from a small number of sites because of robotics efficiency.The episode closes on the broader case for onshoring AI infrastructure manufacturing in the US: security, time to market, quality, and a labor shortage that makes robotics necessary. Timestamps:06:39 - The market stack: chip designers, ODMs, OEMs, hyperscalers, and CMs 09:07 - Why Foxconn, Jabil, and similar contract manufacturers matter 10:04 - Why large factories still rely on massive manual labor 12:20 - Why data centers are different from cheap consumer electronics 13:49 - Security, strategic sectors, and why AI infrastructure belongs onshore 16:26 - The first Bright Machines product: CPU compute servers for a hyperscaler 17:58 - How the line works: modular stations, yields, and automation levels 19:26 - Bright Designer and design-for-manufacturing feedback loops 21:20 - Robots, sensors, traceability, and humans in the loop 22:19 - Why time to market matters as much as cost 23:31 - Yield and throughput: 98% line-level yields and up to 2x throughput 25:25 - The Bright Robotic Cell and how the assembly line is structured 27:35 - Reusability across products and when tooling changes are needed 30:31 - Manufacturing as a service, not repair or field service 31:24 - Growth, gigawatt-scale capacity, and output from a single site 33:00 - Why current hyperscaler capex is not expected to slow near term 34:45 - The bottlenecks before deployment: chips, components, power, permits 36:54 - Bright Machines’ three pillars: platform, data layer, and Bright Designer 39:15 - Why humanoid robotics is exciting but not ready for industrial use 41:16 - Where LLMs and newer AI tools can help the robotics workflow 43:57 - The overlooked advantages of onshoring manufacturing in the US 45:59 - What Bright Machines could build next: more complex electronics and future AI devices

    Bringing Robotics for Electronics Manufacturing & AI Infrastructure | Bright Machines Founder
  3. Jul 23

    How Canva Is Building AI Into Design | Head of AI Products at Canva | Danny Wu

    Dive into the evolving role of AI in design and collaboration as Danny Wu, Head of AI Products at Canva, shares insights on how the platform is transforming creative workflows, democratizing design, and leveraging large language models and diffusion techniques. In this episode: How Canva redefined abstraction layers in design, moving from pixel edits to object-based workflowsThe evolution of AI at Canva: from traditional ML to transformers and large language modelsThe impact of ChatGPT integration on Canva's user experience and business growthAgentic AI: Canva’s approach to AI that acts as a collaborative partner in designChallenges and misconceptions about AI generative models in creative industriesFuture plans: video content tools and more AI-powered features Timestamps: 00:00 - Introduction to Canva’s innovation in abstraction layers01:12 - Danny Wu’s background and journey at Canva02:46 - Transition from software engineer to Head of AI Products04:25 - How diffusion and large language models accelerate Canva’s AI capabilities06:50 - The dominance of transformer models in Canva’s AI strategy08:51 - Shift from pixel to object, then conceptual design with AI09:19 - Limitations of chat-based creativity vs direct manipulation11:01 - The future of design involving AI-generated, editable content13:30 - Launch of Canva AI and the platform's new architecture15:22 - Use cases and limitations of AI in visual and video content17:05 - Canva’s diverse user base and how AI personalization fits different needs18:48 - Challenges of AI aesthetics and user customizations20:32 - Amazing AI features like Magic Layers for editable image designs22:16 - Comparing models: diffusion, open source, and proprietary tech27:36 - Exploring agentic AI: Canva's vision of AI as a collaborative partner30:37 - How ChatGPT and similar tools boost Canva’s reach and usability34:26 - Personalizing AI output for users and reducing generated “cookie-cutter” content37:38 - Managing AI's creative style and avoiding homogenization42:39 - Canva’s feature development process and testing workflows46:36 - Surprising use cases, like self-grading quizzes in education48:59 - Overlap and differentiation between Canva and other design tools like Figma50:54 - Future video tools and content creation enhancements at Canva

    How Canva Is Building AI Into Design | Head of AI Products at Canva | Danny Wu
  4. Jun 19

    How Inference Layer Innovations Are Changing AI Efficiency and Costs | Sudip Roy Cofounder & CTO of Adaption Labs

    Explore how the latest advancements in AI are shifting from traditional training to inference-focused efficiencies, and how companies like Adaptation Labs are pioneering adaptive, full-stack AI solutions that democratize control across industries. Key topics: The evolution from compute-heavy training models to efficient inference layersHow inference costs are changing despite increasing AI demandThe role of adaptive, gradient-free learning in democratizing AI customizationChallenges with the last 5% reliability gap and continuous learningThe importance of full-stack optimization—from data to interfaces in AI systemsFuture trends: decentralized AI, edge computing, and ongoing innovationTimestamps: 00:00 - Introduction to AI trends: scaling vs inference efficiencies01:01 - Sudip’s background: Google Brain, DeepMind, and inference infrastructure01:34 - The rapid growth of foundation and large language models02:36 - Comparing traditional ML project timelines to large foundation models04:20 - The transformative potential of foundation models in enterprise and underserved communities05:33 - The shift from task-specific models to general-purpose foundation models07:07 - How inference costs have evolved: the rising demand vs falling per-token costs08:37 - The challenge of inference in trillion-parameter models and the move towards smaller, verticalized models10:14 - Factors driving high inference costs: model size, reasoning, agentic workloads12:13 - The probabilistic nature of inference and API pricing complexities13:07 - Variability in inference costs and demand in real-world scenarios14:14 - The autoregressive, sequential nature of LLM inference and system challenges16:45 - Cost implications of autoregressive inference and the move to more efficient, localized models18:18 - The motivation behind Adaptation Labs: democratizing AI control and customization19:47 - Adaptive, gradient-free continual learning and environment interaction21:26 - Co-optimizing full-stack AI: systems, interfaces, and models22:34 - How interface design impacts AI adoption and continuous learning23:55 - The evolution of techniques: from foundational training to open-source innovations26:18 - Handling the ‘last 5%’ reliability challenge in enterprise AI deployments28:02 - The importance of system feedback and adaptive learning in coding and decision-making31:12 - Adaptive Data and AutoScientist: seamless data transformation and model co-optimization32:55 - Use cases: finance, low-resource languages, long context data34:13 - The role of inference techniques and creating high-quality data for customization36:10 - Future of adaptive, task-specific interfaces and continuous, real-time learning38:49 - Full-stack AI: data, models, interfaces, and their iterative feedback loops41:18 - The competition between fine-tuning and adaptive inference techniques43:29 - The origin of new inference techniques: industry labs, open source, and innovation hubs45:27 - The “last 5%” reliability gap: why it’s critical and how dynamic learning can help48:27 - Hardware vs software optimization in AI systems and the future of systemic efficiency51:25 - Growing AI demand, hardware constraints, and the opportunity for systemic innovation52:48 - The shift from training to inference and decentralized AI models at the edge54:12 - Final thoughts: the evolving landscape and long-term AI innovationConnect with Sudip: LinkedInConnect with Nataraj: ⁠LinkedIn⁠

    How Inference Layer Innovations Are Changing AI Efficiency and Costs | Sudip Roy Cofounder & CTO of Adaption Labs
  5. May 31

    The Story of Vast Data’s Disruptive Storage Tech | Co-Founder Vast Data Jeff Denworth

    In this episode, we explore how Vast Data is revolutionizing storage solutions to support the exponential growth in AI workloads. Jeff Denworth shares insights into their innovative architecture, market strategy, competitive differentiation, and how they’re shaping enterprise data management in the era of AI. Main topics: The origin and evolution of Vast Data’s innovative storage architecture since 2016How Vast’s solutions support large-scale AI and deep learning workloadsThe strategic focus on enterprise features, multi-tenancy, and integration with hyperscalersThe impact of data reduction and cost efficiency on global flash supplyNew opportunities unlocked by Vast’s platform for analytics, vector search, and long context inferenceBusiness model nuances for cloud and on-premise deploymentsVast’s profitability, market traction, and future growth prospectsTimestamps:00:00 - The AI super cycle and storage bottlenecks creating new opportunities02:20 - Understanding Vast Data's origin story and core architecture04:15 - How Google’s distributed systems influenced new storage innovations06:10 - Addressing scalability limitations of traditional storage systems08:00 - The shift from hard drives to flash and its market implications10:05 - Supporting AI workloads through scalable, enterprise-grade storage solutions12:00 - Customer sectors: life sciences, finance, and AI cloud providers14:15 - On-premise focus versus cloud deployment and hyperscaler strategies16:05 - Vast’s competitive differentiation: features, performance, and new data modalities18:15 - Integration with vector databases, analytics, and real-time AI inference20:30 - Business models: capacity-based, subscription, and partner collaborations22:50 - Addressing flash supply chain constraints and global market impact26:10 - The role of data reduction, federated data management, and long context storage30:50 - Unlocking enterprise data monetization and AI agent scalability34:15 - Impact of advanced storage on inference, context windows, and model efficiency36:50 - The current hardware procurement landscape and Vast’s software-led approach40:05 - Profitability metrics, growth, and the valuation of Vast Data42:25 - Final thoughts: the evolving data infrastructure landscape driving AI innovationResources & Links:Connect with Jeff Denworth:

    The Story of Vast Data’s Disruptive Storage Tech | Co-Founder Vast Data Jeff Denworth
  6. May 1

    Why AI Runs on Object Storage & How MinIO is Competing with AWS S3

    In this episode, Garima Kapoor, co-founder and co-CEO of Min.io, shares insights into how storage infrastructure is evolving in response to AI, cloud, and enterprise needs. She offers a clear view of the market dynamics, innovative trends, and the strategic role of open-source technology in shaping the future. Key topics: The origins and motivation behind Min.io’s developmentHow data growth influences storage strategies and the shift toward hybrid and private cloudsThe impact of AI on storage infrastructure and workloadsCompetitive landscape with giants like AWS, Azure, GCP, and the rise of Neo CloudsThe importance of open standards for application portability and data gravityEvolving customer adoption: from open source developer community to enterprise salesThe role of AI in accelerating product development, coding, and organizational decision-makingHow AI’s rapid evolution is shifting the fundamentals of skills and fundamentals for engineersFuture market opportunities: exponential growth in storage needs driven by AI and IoTTimestamps: 00:00 - Introduction to Garima Kapoor and Min.io00:31 - Motivation behind starting Min.io & market needs for object storage01:07 - The founding story and personal drivers for creating Min.io02:13 - Data growth drivers and the importance of data proximity over cloud location03:05 - Business landscape: cloud vs. on-premises and hybrid environments04:01 - Data migration challenges and promoting application portability06:10 - Early product-market fit through open source and developer community growth07:19 - Enterprise adoption journey from open source to cloud-native architecture08:17 - Customer acquisition strategies blending bottom-up developer growth and enterprise sales09:27 - Competing with Amazon, Microsoft, Google in the cloud storage space11:33 - Impact of AI on storage: demand, infrastructure evolution, and market timing12:51 - Min.io’s advantage in AI workloads due to cloud-native architecture13:21 - Penetration of AI in storage: training, inferencing, and data utilization15:01 - AI for enterprise applications: storage, models, and data lakes16:26 - Neo Clouds and their role in GPU-optimized storage architectures18:58 - The increasing demand for object storage driven by AI and data creation21:02 - The effect of AI coding tools on product development speed and engineering skills23:36 - Internal AI-driven solutions for operational efficiency24:44 - The role of AI in reducing reliance on SaaS tools and infrastructure security27:22 - Managing costs and building for the future in AI investment and storage29:01 - The opportunity cost of tokens and AI-driven productivity gains31:00 - Skills for early engineers in an AI-enabled future33:32 - Min.io’s next steps and market expansion plans34:36 - The paradigm shift: every business becoming AI and data-driven by 2026Resources & Links: Connect with Garima Kapoor: ⁠Min.io Official Website⁠⁠Garima Kapoor - LinkedIn⁠⁠OpenAI⁠⁠NVIDIA GDC Announcements on Object Storage⁠⁠Nataraj's previous interview on startup infrastructure⁠⁠LinkedIn⁠⁠Twitter⁠

    Why AI Runs on Object Storage & How MinIO is Competing with AWS S3
  7. Apr 2

    Autonomous AI Agents Are Changing How We Interact with the Web | Abhishek Das - Co-founder and Co-CEO of Yutori

    Discover how Yutori is revolutionizing web interactions through autonomous AI agents designed for digital and web-based tasks. In this episode, Abhishek shares insights into building agentic AI, the technical challenges, and the evolving landscape of AI-powered automation. Main insights: Yutori's founders come from Meta’s AI division, bringing top-tier expertise in AI and ML.The motivation behind Yutori's product stems from a long-standing interest in productivity tools and autonomous agents.Scouts by Yutori are AI agents monitoring web for specific signals, reducing manual browsing and keeping users up-to-date.The architecture relies heavily on specialized subagents, optimizing costs and relevance in web navigation.Abhishek emphasizes the transition from reactive to proactive AI, enabling agents to oversee tasks without constant prompts.The importance of user-centric design is reflected in a simplified UI, API integrations, and customizable workflows.Cost-effective strategies, like subagent architecture, help balance performance with scalability.The web is shrinking in terms of contribution and content creation; autonomous agents could change the landscape by managing and synthesizing information.Future product directions include deeper integrations, multi-task workflows, and enhanced proactivity in AI agents.Abhishek predicts a shift towards outcome-based pricing for AI tools, aligning value with costs.The conversation also explores implications for robotics, data generation, and the potential disruption of traditional content ecosystems.Timestamps: 00:00 - Introduction to Yutori and its core product Scout02:01 - Motivation for building autonomous AI agents03:25 - The technical evolution from simulation to physical robots04:44 - Origins of the Scout idea and focus on productivity tools07:11 - The vision for web automation and agent-driven interactions09:38 - Push vs Pull content systems and control over web consumption10:38 - Demo of Scout setup and operation14:00 - Technology foundation: web crawling, in-house navigation, and orchestration16:28 - Data indexing and real-time monitoring approaches18:20 - Subagents' distinct roles: navigator, researcher, social media scout20:37 - Reporting, alerting, and workflows with Scout outputs22:07 - Practical examples: monitoring market trends, personal tasks, and competitive intelligence23:42 - Extending Scout functionality to actions and integrations24:24 - The future vision: integrating Scout results into broader workflows25:53 - Developer flexibility with subagents and API controls27:03 - Cost considerations and architecture efficiencies28:50 - The move towards proactive, autonomous agent behaviors30:33 - Challenges of consumer adoption and simplifying interfaces32:23 - Incentives for content creation and web ecosystem evolution37:33 - Building trust and reliability in agent systems39:18 - The web’s evolution and the rise of self-hosted content41:24 - Impact of agent-based systems on content quality and SEO43:32 - Measuring product-market fit and collecting user feedback44:51 - Strategies for user acquisition and word-of-mouth growth45:35 - Meta’s AI investments and industry trends47:04 - Business models: subscription vs usage-based pricing49:55 - Robotics advancements and synthetic data generation52:22 - Final thoughts and opportunities for developersResources & Links: Yutori API → https://yutori.com/apiAbhishek Das → https://abhishekdas.com/Nataraj Sindam → https://www.linkedin.com/in/natarajsindam/Startup Project Episodes → https://thestartupproject.io/episodes

    Autonomous AI Agents Are Changing How We Interact with the Web | Abhishek Das - Co-founder and Co-CEO of Yutori
  8. Mar 20

    How Yoodli is Replacing Boring Sales Training with AI Roleplays | Varun Puri, Co-Founder & CEO of Yoodli

    In this episode, Varun, co-founder of Yoodli, shares insights into how his startup leverages AI to enhance communication skills, from public speaking to enterprise sales training. Tune in to understand how AI can empower humans rather than replace them, and the strategic evolution from consumer to enterprise products. Key Topics: The origin story of Yoodli and its focus on helping people find their voice Transition from B2C to B2B: What was learned along the way The role of storytelling as a meta-skill in a world dominated by AI Using AI to make communication more authentic and human How large organizations like Google and Snowflake are integrating Yoodli The evolution of AI capabilities, from role plays to experiential learning Building modular, customizable AI products that adapt to customer needs The importance of deep integrations and the challenge of SaaS vendor proliferation Real-world growth stats: 900% revenue increase and millions of users Insights into leadership, authenticity on social media, and the value of vulnerability Personal stories from Sergey Brin’s projects and leadership lessons learned Timestamps:  00:00 – Introduction to Varun and Yoodli’s journey  02:01 – Early days of Yoodli: Founding thesis and initial challenges  04:19 – Key lessons about public speaking skills  05:45 – The importance of recording and reviewing oneself  06:25 – Describing Yoodli as “Duolingo for public speaking”  07:25 – The role of storytelling in high-performance communication  08:21 – Building AI to enhance, not replace, human authenticity  09:07 – Judgment as a differentiator in AI-enabled work  10:01 – How Yoodli expanded into enterprise with Google & others  11:24 – Social media as a branding tool for founders  12:38 – The impact of authenticity on LinkedIn and lead generation  14:09 – The Google GTM training case study: How it started  15:07 – Product features for enterprise sales training  16:05 – Impact on sales onboarding and role play automation  17:32 – The future of experiential learning and AI role plays  20:17 – The broader vision for AI in education and training  21:26 – Impressive growth stats and customer insights  22:01 – The technological foundation: Modular AI architectures  23:52 – The influence of LLM improvements on product features  24:46 – The commoditization of AI role plays and experiential learning  25:12 – Building deep, customizable, scalable AI solutions  26:36 – The importance of scale and deep integrations  30:03 – Product differentiation through vertical focus and deep specialization  33:07 – Market challenges: Demand, consolidation, and customer expectations  34:42 – How to find and connect with Varun  35:30 – Sergey Brin’s projects, leadership lessons, and human insights  37:36 – Overcoming imposter syndrome: Everyone’s learning curve 39:01 – Final reflections and looking ahead Resources & Links: Varun on LinkedinNataraj on LinkedinTry Yoodli

    How Yoodli is Replacing Boring Sales Training with AI Roleplays | Varun Puri, Co-Founder & CEO of Yoodli
5
out of 5
6 Ratings

About

Conversations with founders, operators and investors who are building the future. Listen to find the stories, ideas, tactics & investments behind the products that will define the future of technology. https://startupproject.substack.com/