The Digression Podcast Chris Rash & Jody Hanks

Julius Caesar, born Gaius Julius Caesar, was a prominent Roman statesman, military general, and dictator who played a pivotal role in transforming the Roman Republic into the Roman Empire. Born on July 12, 100 BC, in Rome, Caesar rose to power during a time of political turmoil and instability, leaving an indelible mark on Roman history.
Caesar came from a noble family, and his early years were marked by military service and political maneuvering. He distinguished himself as a skilled military leader during his campaigns in Gaul (modern-day France) and Britain, expanding Rome's territorial control and securing his reputation as a brilliant strategist. These military victories helped consolidate his power and popularity back in Rome.
In 49 BC, Caesar crossed the Rubicon River with his army, an act considered treasonous at the time, and marched on Rome, sparking a civil war against his political rival, Pompey. Caesar emerged victorious, becoming the sole ruler of Rome and effectively ending the Roman Republic. He implemented a series of reforms aimed at strengthening the central government, improving the lives of ordinary citizens, and reducing the influence of the aristocracy.
Caesar's reforms included the Julian Calendar, which became the basis for the modern Gregorian Calendar. He also enacted land reforms, provided land for impoverished citizens, and implemented policies to alleviate debt and unemployment. These measures endeared him to the masses but garnered opposition from some members of the Senate, who feared his growing power and the erosion of their own influence.
Caesar's rule was characterized by his autocratic style of governance, and in 44 BC, he was declared dictator perpetuo, or dictator for life. This declaration further exacerbated tensions within the Roman Senate, and a group of senators led by Marcus Brutus and Gaius Cassius Longinus conspired to assassinate him.
On the Ides of March (March 15), 44 BC, Caesar was assassinated in the Senate chamber. His death plunged Rome into another period of political instability, ultimately leading to a power struggle between his adopted heir Octavian (later known as Augustus), and Caesar's assassins. This struggle culminated in the rise of the Roman Empire under Augustus, Caesar's grandnephew, and the first Roman Emperor.
Caesar's legacy looms large in history. He is renowned for his military accomplishments, political acumen, and role in the Roman Republic's downfall. His name has become synonymous with power, ambition, and the potential dangers of autocracy. Caesar's life and death have inspired countless works of literature, including William Shakespeare's famous play, "Julius Caesar," which dramatizes the events surrounding his assassination.
Despite the controversy surrounding his rule, Caesar left an indelible mark on Roman society. His military campaigns expanded Rome's borders, his political reforms shaped the structure of the Roman Empire, and his name remains an enduring symbol of authority and leadership. Julius Caesar's contributions and impact on ancient Rome have ensured his place among history's most influential figures.
Show notes at https://thedigressionpodcast.com/105
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NOTES:
Caesar: Life of a Colossus by Adrian Goldsworthy
Julius Caesar (Dover Thrift Editions: Plays) by William Shakespeare

Since WWII ended, thousands of movies have explored every conceivable aspect of the conflict. But how often do these films get the story right, let alone the "feel" of the period and the "look" of the uniforms, weapons, cars, landscape, strategy, and tactics? That's the question we're asking in this episode as we present the TOP 10 Most Realistic WWII Movies. Enjoy!
Show notes at https://thedigressionpodcast.com/104
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NOTES:
Pictured: Robert Mitchum as BG Norman Cota in The Longest Day
The Dam Busters
The Longest Day
Tora! Tora! Tora!
Patton
Das Boot
Band of Brothers
Downfall
Letters from Iwo Jima
Unbroken
Dunkirk

Pompey, also known as Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus, was a Roman general and politician who lived during the late Roman Republic. He was born in 106 BC in Picenum, a region in central Italy, and he died in 48 BC in Egypt.
Pompey's military career began at an early age. He served in the Roman army under his father and then under the consul Lucius Cornelius Sulla during the civil wars of the 80s BC. Pompey quickly proved himself to be a skilled commander and strategist, earning a reputation as one of the greatest generals of his time.
Pompey put down several revolts in Italy and Sicily during his early military career. He also played a crucial role in Sulla's campaign against Mithridates VI of Pontus, a powerful enemy of Rome who had conquered much of Asia Minor. Pompey's success in this campaign earned him the title of "Magnus" or "the Great," and he became one of the most celebrated generals in Rome.
After Sulla's death, Pompey returned to Rome and entered politics. He quickly became involved in the power struggles of the late Republic, aligning himself with the conservative senatorial party and opposing the popular reforms of the tribunes. He was elected consul in 70 BC, and he used his position to push through several measures that strengthened the power of the Senate and the aristocracy.
In 67 BC, Pompey was tasked with putting down a rebellion in the eastern provinces of the Roman Republic. He successfully defeated the rebels and brought the region under Roman control. This campaign was followed by other conquests in the east, including the annexation of Syria and the defeat of the Armenian king Tigranes the Great.
Pompey's success in the East made him one of the most powerful men in Rome, and he was hailed as a hero by many. However, his rise to power also made him enemies, particularly among the populares, or popular party, who saw him as a threat to their power.
In 60 BC, Pompey formed an alliance with Julius Caesar and Crassus, two other powerful politicians in Rome. This alliance, known as the First Triumvirate, allowed the three men to dominate Roman politics and effectively control the government. However, tensions soon arose between Pompey and Caesar, and the alliance eventually broke down.
In 49 BC, Caesar crossed the Rubicon River with his army and started a civil war against Pompey and the Senate. Pompey was forced to flee Italy and eventually ended up in Egypt, where agents of the Egyptian king Ptolemy XIII assassinated him.
Pompey was a complex figure who played a significant role in the politics and military history of the late Roman Republic. He was a brilliant general who conquered vast territories for Rome. Still, he was also a controversial politician who supported the aristocracy's interests over those of the common people. His alliance with Caesar and Crassus paved the way for the downfall of the Republic, but his military achievements earned him a place among the great generals of history.
Show notes at https://thedigressionpodcast.com/103
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Notes: 
Pompey the Great by Robin Seager

Gaius Marius was a prominent Roman general and statesman who played a pivotal role in transforming the Roman Republic into an empire. He was born in Cereatae into a plebeian family, which meant that he was not of noble birth. However, Marius rose to prominence through his military prowess and political savvy, ultimately becoming one of the most powerful men in Rome.
Marius began his military career in 134 BC, serving as a junior officer in the Roman army during the Numantine War in Spain. He quickly distinguished himself as a capable and courageous leader, earning a reputation as a skilled tactician and strategist. Marius' military career flourished over the next few years, and he was eventually elected consul in 107 BC.
As consul, Marius faced a formidable challenge: the threat of invasion from the Germanic tribes known as the Cimbri and the Teutones. These tribes had been wreaking havoc throughout Europe, and Rome had already suffered a significant defeat at their hands. Marius recognized the need for a radical overhaul of the Roman army if Rome was to have any chance of defeating these fierce opponents.
Marius' reforms were revolutionary. He abolished the property requirement for military service, which had previously limited army recruitment to the wealthy patrician class. Instead, he opened up the army to the landless poor, who were desperate for work and willing to fight for their country. He also instituted a system of professionalization, where soldiers were paid regular wages and could expect to receive land grants upon retirement. These changes made the Roman army more efficient, effective, and loyal and helped ensure Rome's military dominance for centuries.
Marius' military successes continued. He defeated the Cimbri and the Teutones in two significant battles, cementing his reputation as one of Rome's greatest generals. However, his political fortunes turned for the worse when he clashed with his former protégé, Lucius Cornelius Sulla, over control of the Roman government.
Show notes at https://thedigressionpodcast.com/102
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Notes: 
Gaius Marius at worldhistory.net
Gaius Marius at ebrary.net

Scipio Africanus was one of the most outstanding military leaders in ancient history. Born in 236 BC in Rome, Scipio came from a noble family of the Roman Republic. He was the son of Publius Scipio, a distinguished general who had fought in the First Punic War against Carthage.
Scipio's early years were marked by tragedy. His father and uncle died in battle during the Second Punic War against Hannibal, leaving Scipio to carry on the family legacy. At age 25, Scipio was appointed commander of the Roman army in Spain. It was here that he would make his mark on history.
Scipio's first significant victory came in 208 BC when he led his troops to a decisive victory against the Carthaginians in Spain. This victory was followed by a series of successful campaigns, which saw Scipio capture several vital cities and defeat several Carthaginian armies.
In 204 BC, Scipio decided to take the fight to Carthage itself. He landed his army in North Africa and began to march toward the city. The Carthaginians, led by their Hannibal, had been expecting an attack from the sea and were caught off guard by Scipio's bold move. Scipio defeated the Carthaginian armies in a series of battles and forced Hannibal to abandon his plans to invade Italy.
The final battle of the Second Punic War came in 202 BC at the Battle of Zama. Scipio's army faced off against a Carthaginian force led by Hannibal himself. The two armies clashed in a brutal battle that lasted for hours. In the end, it was Scipio who emerged victorious. Hannibal was forced to flee, and Carthage was forced to accept Roman terms of surrender.
Scipio's victory at Zama marked the end of the Second Punic War and solidified his place in history as one of the greatest military leaders of all time. He was awarded the title of "Africanus" in honor of his victory over Carthage. Scipio returned to Rome a hero, and was hailed as the savior of the Republic.
Show notes at https://thedigressionpodcast.com/101
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Notes: 
Scipio Africanus by B. H. Liddell Hart

If you grew up in the 1970s, you probably know Colonel Steve Austin. He was an astronaut and test pilot who became the world's first bionic man after a horrific plane crash. Steve Austin was fictional, but that plane crash was real...and so was the pilot; his name was Bruce Peterson.
Bruce Peterson was a renowned test pilot who made significant contributions to the aviation and aerospace industry. One of his notable achievements was his involvement in developing and testing the M2-F2 lifting body aircraft.
The M2-F2 aircraft was a prototype design for a space shuttle developed in the 1960s. It was a hybrid aircraft that combined features of both airplanes and rockets. The M2-F2 aircraft was designed to fly back to Earth after a space mission, re-enter the atmosphere, and land like a conventional airplane.
Peterson was one of the test pilots who flew the M2-F2 aircraft during its development and testing phase. In May 1967, Peterson experienced a serious crash in the M2-F2 aircraft that nearly cost him his life. During a test flight, the aircraft encountered turbulence, which caused it to roll over and dive into the ground. 
Peterson's crash inspired author Martin Caiden to write the book, "Cyborg," about a test pilot, Colonel Steve Austin, who lost both his legs, an arm, and an eye in a plane crash. The book was made into a TV movie and subsequent series, "The Six Million Dollar Man."  
Show notes at https://thedigressionpodcast.com/100
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NOTES:
The Beginning of The Real “Six Million Dollar Man”: The M2-F2 Crash.
Cyborg by Martin Caiden
The Six Million Dollar Man on IMDB