Physiological Reviews Podcast

American Physiological Society
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Physiological Reviews Podcast

Each episode of the Physiological Reviews podcast features commentary and discussion of newly published articles in the journal, which provides state-of-the-art, comprehensive, and high-impact coverage of timely issues in the physiological and biomedical sciences. Physiological Reviews articles appeal to physiologists, neuroscientists, cell biologists, biophysicists, and clinicians with special interest in pathophysiology. The journal is very useful in teaching and research because it provides non-biased and clearly written updates on important developments.

  1. 5 DAYS AGO

    Proteomics of the Heart

    In the episode, Dr. Carol Ann Remme (University of Amsterdam) and Dr. Sadis Matalon (University of Alabama Birmingham) interview Dr. Jenny Van Eyk (Cedars-Sinai) about the Review in Physiological Reviews by Karpov et al. that dives into proteomics of the heart. Given that proteins are the building blocks of life, studying only genetic data or RNAseq data may offer researchers a somewhat narrow view. Proteomics looks broader, and broader is better, according to Dr. Van Eyk. However, this means that rigor at the proteomic technology level is critically important. Because the field of proteomics offers many different tools, using proteomics to study the heart necessitates matching the research question to the right tool. Dr. Van Eyk encourages researchers to develop a well-defined research question and then match it to the proteomics technology that is most appropriate, so that the output is as useful as possible. Pushing research to new frontiers allows researchers to find discoveries they never expected. Listen now and learn more.   Oleg A. Karpov, Aleksandr Stotland, Koen Raedschelders, Blandine Chazarin, Lizhuo Ai, Christopher I. Murray, Jennifer E. Van Eyk Proteomics of the Heart Physiological Reviews, published April 9, 2024. DOI: doi.org/10.1152/physrev.00026.2023

    45 min

  2. 4 NOV

    Neurobiology and Systems Biology of Stress Resilience

    What are the biological, neural, and psychological mechanisms of resilience to trauma, stress, and adversity? In this episode, Dr. Jan Born (University of Tübingen) interviews Dr. Raffael Kalisch (Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research) about the open access Review in Physiological Reviews by Kalisch et al. By unraveling the protective mechanisms of stress resilience, the authors hope to find new and better ways to improve therapies for stress-related disorders such as anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder. Is there a unifying theory of stress resilience? Listen to this engaging conversation to find out.   Raffael Kalisch, Scott J. Russo, and Marianne B. Müller Neurobiology and systems biology of stress resilience Physiological Reviews, published May 15, 2024. DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00042.2023

    50 min

  3. 17 JUN

    Xenotransplantation from Genetically Modified Pigs to Humans

    In our latest episode, Physiological Reviews Editor-in-Chief Dr. Sadis Matalon (University of Alabama at Birmingham) interviews authors Dr. Leigh Peterson (Executive Vice President for Product Development and Xenotransplantation at United Therapeutics Corporation) and Professor Sir Magdi Yacoub (Professor of Cardiothoracic Surgery at the National Heart and Lung Institute at Imperial College London, and Founder and Director of Research at the Harefield Heart Science Centre and Aswan Heart Centre). The authors have published a comprehensive review on xenotransplantation. Listen as they discuss the steps necessary to immunologically modify pigs to avoid acute rejection and minimize chronic rejection, as well as the main differences between the GalSafe and the 10GE pigs described in the article. Given that the American Physiological Society launched their Women’s Health Research Initiative in spring 2024, we discuss how xenotransplantation and women’s health research are connected. What are the next important developments in this field? Listen to find out more.   Leigh Peterson, Magdi Yacoub, David Ayares, Kazuhiko Yamada ,Daniel Eisenson, Bartley P. Griffith, Muhammad Mohiuddin, Will Eyestone, J. Craig Venter, Ryszard T. Smolenski, and Martine Rothblatt Physiological Basis for Xenotransplantation from Genetically-Modified Pigs to Humans: A Review Physiological Reviews, published June 7, 2024. DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00041.2023

    37 min

  4. 25 APR

    Community-Acquired Bacterial Coinfections and COVID-19

    In our latest episode, Dr. Farrah Kheradmand (Baylor College of Medicine) interviews Dr. Kevin Harrod (University of Alabama at Birmingham) about his article by Patton et al. on community-acquired bacterial coinfections and COVID-19. In the early days of the pandemic when physicians were treating critically ill COVID patients, there was no standard definition for bacterial coinfections in this cohort. However, as the field has moved forward with understanding how bacterial coinfections contribute to the mortality of COVID patients, Dr. Harrod and co-authors have worked to refine the definition of bacterial coinfections to provide a more unified way to report the prevalence of this important clinical problem. While it is often necessary to treat critically ill hospitalized COVID patients with antibiotics before sampling or culture results, Dr. Harrod and co-authors identify that this may mask the true prevalence of bacterial coinfections. Listen as Dr. Kheradmand and Dr. Harrod discuss linkages between carriage, viral infection, and secondary bacterial infections, as well as the pathophysiological ways that fungi may coinfect COVID patients. Are patients with underlying cystic fibrosis more prone to COVID infection? Listen now to learn more.   Michael John Patton, Amit Gaggar, Matthew Might, Nathaniel Erdmann, Carlos J. Orihuela, and Kevin S. Harrod Community-acquired bacterial coinfections and COVID-19 Physiological Reviews, published October 16, 2023. DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00010.2023

    47 min

  5. 11 APR

    Sex Differences in Blood Pressure Regulation and Hypertension

    The topic of hypertension is of paramount clinical importance as a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease, myocardial infarction, stroke, and kidney disease. Sex differences in blood pressure regulation play a major role in the pathophysiology of hypertension. In the episode, Dr. Carol Ann Remme (University of Amsterdam) interviews Dr. Thu Le (University of Rochester) about her new Review in Physiological Reviews on the renal, hemodynamic, and hormonal mechanisms of sexual dimorphism in blood pressure homeostasis. We discuss sex chromosome effects, hormonal changes, potential sex differences related to innate and adaptive immunity, and the clinical relevance of animal models to develop new therapeutic targets. Listen now and learn more.   Erika R. Drury, Jing Wu, Joseph C. Gigliotti, Thu H. Le Sex differences in blood pressure regulation and hypertension: renal, hemodynamic, and hormonal mechanisms Physiological Reviews, published October 16, 2023. DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00041.2022

    31 min

  6. 30 JAN

    Amyloid beta-Peptide and Oxidative Stress in Alzheimer Disease Pathogenesis

    In this episode of The Physiological Reviews Podcast, Professor Giovanni Mann (King’s College London) interviews authors Prof. Marzia Perluigi (Sapienza University of Rome) and Prof. D. Allan Butterfield (University of Kentucky) about their recently published Review on the oxidative stress hypothesis of Alzheimer Disease. The authors provide a comprehensive overview of amyloid beta-peptide associated mechanisms, the use of redox proteomics to define roles of lipid and protein oxidation, and the antioxidant strategies utilized to modulate the progression of Alzheimer Disease (AD) in order to improve the quality of life for individuals with this severe disorder. Prof. Perluigi explains that because the brain is particularly susceptible to free radical damage, it is likely that lipid peroxidation is among the initiating toxic events in AD pathophysiology, with amyloid deposits reacting with membrane lipids that in turn target other cellular components such as proteins and nucleic acid. Listen as we discuss the role of astrocytes in the pathogenesis of AD, as well as the utility of animal models to plan preclinical trials and clarify molecular mechanisms involved in neuropathology of AD. Come for the discussion of the role that oxidative stress plays in the pathogenesis of AD, and stay for the illuminating conversation about the paths Prof. Butterfield and Prof. Perluigi have followed in pursuing their research training and careers in science with enthusiasm, dedication, and willingness to develop international research collaborations in the field of redox biology and chemistry associated with Alzheimer Disease.   Marzia Perluigi, Fabio Di Domenico, and D. Allan Butterfield Oxidative damage in neurodegeneration: roles in the pathogenesis and progression of Alzheimer disease Physiological Reviews, published July 19, 2023. DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00030.2022

    1h 6m

  7. 20/09/2023

    AI in Physiology and Healthcare

    As Sir Winston Churchill once said, “Where there is great power, there is great responsibility.” This is the overarching context of our latest episode about the future of artificial intelligence (AI) in physiology and healthcare. Listen as host Dr. Ryan Melvin (University of Alabama at Birmingham) interviews author Dr. James Zou (Stanford University) about the Review by Zhang et al. on “Leveraging Physiology and Artificial Intelligence to Deliver Advancements in Healthcare AI in Physiology and Healthcare.” The authors discuss an important transition in AI –the shift from model development to model deployment, while keeping at the forefront the goal of achieving positive real-world impacts by using AI in healthcare workflows. Zou and co-authors identify 3 key factors in this gap between development and deployment: ensuring AI works reliably and robustly across diverse populations, ensuring the financial sustainability of AI models, addressing new regulatory challenges for AI algorithms. FDA regulators are presented with unique challenges regarding how to continuously evaluate and monitor AI algorithms, while still allowing developers to update algorithms in a relatively frictionless way that ensures algorithms’ behavior is safe and robust. Does AI face a generalizability crisis? According to Dr. Zou, this is an ongoing issue. Instructive fine-tuning, which is intended to make iterative large language models safer, can sometimes lead to surprising AI behavior changes. On the topic of AI and authorship, the experts acknowledge that it is becoming increasingly difficult to distinguish if text is written by AI or by humans, as AI becomes more aligned with human behaviors. This may present unique opportunities, according to Dr. Zou. There are many types of text where human authors would benefit from AI support, for example in generating code and figures, and improving writing quality and precision. In the end, however, humans must take final responsibility for the accuracy of all statements in scholarly articles. How can the medical field play a role in shaping the metrics by which we judge generative AI? Listen to find out. Angela Zhang, Zhenqin Wu, Eric Wu, Matthew Wu, Michael P. Snyder, James Zou, and Joseph C. Wu Leveraging Physiology and Artificial Intelligence to Deliver Advancements in Healthcare Physiological Reviews, published July 19, 2023. DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00033.2022

    37 min

  8. 29/08/2023

    The Molecular Athlete: Exercise Physiology from Mechanisms to Medals

    What are the key physiological adaptations attained in exercise regimens used by elite athletes to achieve peak performance? In our latest episode of The Physiological Reviews Podcast, Editor-in-Chief Dr. Sadis Matalon (University of Alabama at Birmingham) interviews author and Physiological Reviews Associate Editor Dr. Christoph Handschin (University of Basel, Switzerland) about the new Review by Furrer et al. As Dr. Handschin explains, the basis of all types of muscle adaptations is repeated contractions, but how this is done in terms of training intensity, volume, form, and frequency can dramatically affect training outcomes. Athletes and coaches try to develop the best strategies for training periodization for performance to peak at the time of competition. What roles do sleep, diet, and environment, such as altitude, play in enhancing (or diminishing) exercise performance? Listen as Dr. Matalon and Dr. Handschin discuss experimental and natural product-based performance enhancing substances, wearable devices for tracking exercise performance, and the genetic makeup of individuals that ultimately differentiates athletes from Olympic athletes.   Regula Furrer, John A. Hawley, and Christoph Handschin The molecular athlete: exercise physiology from mechanisms to medals Physiological Reviews, published April 23, 2023. DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00017.2022

    28 min
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About

Each episode of the Physiological Reviews podcast features commentary and discussion of newly published articles in the journal, which provides state-of-the-art, comprehensive, and high-impact coverage of timely issues in the physiological and biomedical sciences. Physiological Reviews articles appeal to physiologists, neuroscientists, cell biologists, biophysicists, and clinicians with special interest in pathophysiology. The journal is very useful in teaching and research because it provides non-biased and clearly written updates on important developments.

Information

  • Creator
    American Physiological Society
  • Years Active
    2022 - 2024
  • Episodes
    23
  • Rating
    Clean
  • Copyright
    © Copyright 2024 American Physiological Society
  • Show Website
    Physiological Reviews Podcast

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