【外刊英语精读】极端高温与气候变化

2023 may be hottest year on record, experts say

专家表示，2023年可能是有史以来最炎热的一年

This year looks set to be the hottest year on record, forecasters say, after record-breaking heat soared throughout Europe, the United States and countries worldwide.

天气预测人员表示，今年有望成为有史以来最炎热的一年，此前欧洲、美国和世界各国的高温创下了记录。

The summer of 2023 was the hottest ever recorded, with sweltering heat in parts of the US and European countries Greece, Italy and Spain.

2023年经历了有史以来最炎热的夏天，美国部分地区和欧洲国家希腊、意大利和西班牙都经历了酷热天气。

September has also seen blistering temperatures, unusual for this time of year, according to Copernicus, Europe's climate change service that examines international weather patterns.

根据监测国际天气模式的欧洲气候变化服务机构哥白尼的数据，9月份的温度也异常高，这对于该时间来说是不寻常的。

Samantha Burgess, deputy director of Copernicus, said that last month several records were broken "by an extraordinary amount" of weather that brought on never-before-seen high temperatures for that time of year.

哥白尼的副主任伯吉斯表示，九月创下了多项纪录，出现了异常多从未见过的高温天气。

Last month, temperatures were 1.75 degrees warmer than usual for the weather average recorded in September from 1850 to 1900, described as the preindustrial reference period.

九月份的气温比1815年至1900年（工业化前水平参考期）的平均温度高出约1.75℃。

It broke the previous monthly record in 2020 by 0.5 degrees, Copernicus said. September has not been so hot since the service began its records in 1940.

哥白尼表示，这打破了此前2020年的九月气温记录，高出0.5摄氏度。自哥白尼于1940年开始记录以来，9月份的天气从未如此炎热。

"The unprecedented temperatures for the time of year observed in September following a record summer have broken records by an extraordinary amount," Burgess said.

“在热度创下记录的夏天过后，九月份监测到的气温也是前所未有之高，以惊人程度打破纪录，”伯吉斯表示。

Last month, thousands of protesters from around the world descended on Lower Manhattan in New York City to demonstrate against climate change as world leaders met at the United Nations for a one-day climate summit.

上个月，来自世界各地的数千名抗议者涌入纽约市曼哈顿下城，抗议气候变化，与此同时，世界各国领导人在联合国举行了为期一天的气候峰会。

The record-breaking heat puts 2023 on track to be the hottest year on record internationally, with weather patterns 1.4 degrees above preindustrial levels, Burgess said.

这些创纪录的高温使2023年有望成为有史以来最炎热的一年，气温高出工业化前1.4摄氏度，伯吉斯表示。

Last month, New York saw record-breaking rainfall that surpassed the record for any September day set during Hurricane Donna in 1960, the National Weather Service said. The rain caused the city's streets to be flooded and parts of the transit system to stop working.

上个月，纽约降雨量打破纪录，比1960年飓风唐娜期间九月任何一天的降雨还要高，美国国家气象局表示。这场降雨导致纽约市的街道被淹没，部分交通系统停运。

In the same month, Canada dealt with devastating wildfires, South America had record-breaking heat, and thousands died from a massive flood in Libya.

同一月，加拿大爆发了毁灭性的森林大火，南美经历了创纪录的高温，利比亚有数千人死于大洪水。

Greece was ravaged by Storm Elias that dumped several months of rain on the island in less than a day. It came just weeks after Storm Daniel killed 17 people in the country. Heavy rain in Greece, Turkiye and Bulgaria left 14 dead.

希腊遭到了风暴埃利亚斯的袭击，这场风暴在不到一天的时间里倾泻了相当于数月的降雨量。仅在几周前，风暴丹尼尔在该国造成17人死亡，暴雨在希腊、土耳其和保加利亚造成14人死亡。

Thanu Yakupitiyage, former communications director of 350 Action, an organization that mobilizes progressive voters and works to elect climate champions, said extreme weather patterns are clear indications that the world must act quickly to address climate change.

350 Action组织是动员进步选民、调动工作来选举气候卫士从政的组织。其前传播总监Thanu Yakupitiyage表示，极端天气的模式明确表明世界必须迅速采取行动应对气候变化。

"Wildfires ravaged the US West Coast, which has some of the worst air quality in the world because of fires and the climate crisis. The bigger picture is that we have three years to right the ship to avoid a point of no return on climate," she said.

她说：“野火肆虐了美国西海岸，火灾和气候危机导致其世界上最差的空气质量。更重要的是，我们还有三年的时间来阻止气候走到不可逆转的临界点。”