2 - The Downfall of Napoleon's Empire

The second article focuses on the dramatic downfall of Napoleon's vast continental empire, chronicling the series of battles and strategic maneuvers that led to his eventual abdication and exile. It highlights Napoleon's continued tactical genius, even as he faced ever-increasing odds, and the evolving coordination and sophistication of the coalition forces. The article also examines the human cost of these final campaigns, as Napoleon was forced to rely increasingly on young, inexperienced conscripts whose high casualty rates represented a crippling loss for France.