8. Are we all descendants of Adam?

This episode discusses the scriptural evidence for the idea that Adam (a) is the forefather of all of humanity today. The answer to this question from a scriptural perspective is multi-fold. The ahadith are pretty clear that he is, however the Qur’an does not include much in a literal way, except for in the first verse of Surat an-Nisa. Various Twelver-Shii scholars opine that the literal meaning of this verse, or its dhuhur, indicates that all of humanity today are the offspring solely of Adam and Eve with no third-parties. However, in the event that there is definitive evidence otherwise, this dhuhur is not binding to a literal understanding of the verse. This is possibly the most crucial question in the series and this episode will break it down in detail. References Qur’anic References: Q.4:1 Smithsonian’s National Museum of Natural History, “Genetics,” The Smithsonian Institution’s Human Origins Program, March 2010, http://humanorigins.si.edu/evidence/genetics. “Behind the Science” The Genographic Project: National Geographic, accessed February 20, 2015, https://genographic.nationalgeographic.com/science-behind/ Dennis R Venema, Adam and the Genome: Reading Scripture after Genetic Science (Grand Rapids: Brazos Press, 2017). Dennis Venema, “Adam, Eve, and Human Population Genetics Part 4: Signature in the SNPs” The Biologos Forum: Science and Faith in Dialogue, modified January 16th, 2015, http://biologos.org/blog/signature-in-the-snps. “Modern Human Diversity- Genetics” Smithsonian Natural Museum of Natural History, accessed February 20, 2015, http://humanorigins.si.edu/evidence/genetics/skin-color/modern-human-diversity-genetics Lin Edwards, “Humans were Once an Endangered Species” phys.org, modified January 21st, 2010, http://phys.org/news183278038.html. Nature Research Ecology & Evolution Community, “Adam and Eve: A Tested Hypothesis?,” Nature Research Ecology & Evolution Community, October 28, 2017, https://natureecoevocommunity.nature.com/users/24561-richard-buggs/posts/22075-adam-and-eve-a-tested-hypothesis. Ewen Callaway, “Genetic Adam and Eve did not live too far apart in time” Nature, modified August 6th, 2013, http://www.nature.com/news/genetic-Adam-and-eve-did-not-live-too-far-apart-in-time-1.13478#/b2. Douglas L. T. Rohde, Steve Olson & Joseph T. Chang, “Modelling the recent common ancestry of all living humans” Nature 431, 562-566 (30 September 2004). http://www.nature.com.ezproxy.library.ubc.ca/nature/journal/v431/n7008/full/nature02842.html