Daily Chumash Summaries

Sarede Rachel Switzer
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Daily Chumash Summaries

Audio Summaries of the daily Chumash portions In loving memory of Ousher Zelig ben Myer HaLevi Z”L sarede.substack.com

  1. MAR 7

    Tetzavei, 6th Aliya

    Audio Summaries of the daily Chumash portions In loving memory of Ousher Zelig ben Myer HaLevi Z”L To sponsor an episode please visit: https://itistaught.com/support-this-project/To get the daily chumash summaries in your email click here https://substack.com/profile/182692001-sarede-rachel-switzer?utm_source=profile-page.Subscribe on SpotifySubscribe on Apple PodcastsPlease consider leaving a review on the platform of your choice! For comments and inquiries, email itistaught@gmail.com 2 Lambs. The Ohel Moed Two lambs in their first year should be sacrificed daily - one in the morning and one in the afternoon. The Morning Lamb Together with the first (morning)lamb, 1/10 of an ephah* of fine flour should be mixed with 1/4 of a hin of crushed olive oil and 1/4 of a hin** of wine***. *Side note: This equals to the volume of 43 1/5 eggs. One ephah is equivalent to 72 logs or approx 22 liters (one log is approx 0.3 liters) so this would be about 2.2 liters. **Side note: One hin is equivalent to 12 logs, or approx 3.6 liters, so 1/4 of one hin equals to 3 logs, or approx 0.9 liters ***Side note: This wine was poured as a libation into 2 silver basins which were hollow at their bottoms (like nostrils) which were situated on top of the altar and would flow from them to the roof of the altar and then through the holes in the altar to the foundations of the copper altar and then to the ground. The Afternoon Lamb The afternoon lamb, like the meal offering, should be burnt in its entirety, thus serving as a "pleasing fragrance (or spirit)" ( רֵ֣יחַ נִיחֹ֔חַ אִשֶּׁ֖ה לה׳) for G-d. It should also have a wine libation. This offering should be sacrificed at the entrance to the Ohel Moed. Where G-d Dwells and Communicates It is at this area of the entrance to the Ohel Moed that G-d communicated with the Israelites and Moshe (there are different opinions regarding where exactly in this area, i.e. from above the copper altar or above the ark cover). It is in this area that the Divine Presence would rest. G-d then says that He will sanctify the Ohel Moed, the altar, Aaron and Aaron's sons, for the sake of the service to Him and that He will dwell amongst the Israelites and be their G-d and they will know that He is G-d who took them out of Egypt. Get full access to Sarede’s Substack at sarede.substack.com/subscribe

    4 min
  2. Tetzavei, 7th Aliya

    MAR 7

    Tetzavei, 7th Aliya

    Audio Summaries of the daily Chumash portions In loving memory of Ousher Zelig ben Myer HaLevi Z”L To sponsor an episode please visit: https://itistaught.com/support-this-project/To get the daily chumash summaries in your email click here https://substack.com/profile/182692001-sarede-rachel-switzer?utm_source=profile-page.Subscribe on SpotifySubscribe on Apple PodcastsPlease consider leaving a review on the platform of your choice! For comments and inquiries, email itistaught@gmail.com The Incense Altar G-d now gives instructions on making the altar for burning incense. He says that it should be made out of Shittim wood. It should be square shaped, 1 cubit long x 1 cubit wide and 2 cubits high with horns emerging from it. It should be covered in gold and it should have a golden crown, symbolizing the crown of the priesthood (kehuna). On either side of the altar, under the crown, at two opposing corners, they should make golden rings. They should make two poles out of shittim wood and covered in gold. These poles should go through the above mentioned rings. This altar should be placed right outside of the Holy of Holies, i.e. in front of the curtain that covers the Ohel Moed. Aaron is to burn incense on this altar every morning, while cleaning the lamps from the ashes of the wicks that burnt the previous night as well as every afternoon while lighting the lamps. Nothing should be burnt on this altar other than the designated incense for it. Not any donated incense nor any meal offering (i.e. of bread) or burnt offering (i.e. of animal). Once per year, on Yom Kippur, Aaron is to sprinkle blood on the horns of this altar from the bull and kid of the Yom Kippur sacrifice which served to atone for ritual contamination (in relation to the Mishkan and it's objects). This altar shall not be used for any other service other than what has been described here. Get full access to Sarede’s Substack at sarede.substack.com/subscribe

    3 min

  3. MAR 6

    Tezavei, 5th Aliya

    Audio Summaries of the daily Chumash portions In loving memory of Ousher Zelig ben Myer HaLevi Z”L To sponsor an episode please visit: https://itistaught.com/support-this-project/To get the daily chumash summaries in your email click here https://substack.com/profile/182692001-sarede-rachel-switzer?utm_source=profile-page.Subscribe on SpotifySubscribe on Apple PodcastsPlease consider leaving a review on the platform of your choice! For comments and inquiries, email itistaught@gmail.com The Inauguration of the Cohanim Continues The 2nd Ram In continuing the inauguration of Aaron and his sons into the priesthood, instructions are given for them to now take the second ram (they had been instructed to bring 2 rams as part of the inaugural sacrifice - see yesterday's post) and place their hands upon its head. The ram should then be slaughtered, and some of its blood placed on the cartilage of Aaron and his sons' right ears, on the middle joint of the thumbs of their right hands and on the big toes of their right feet. The blood should then be sprinkled all around the altar. Moshe should then sanctify Aaron and his sons' and their clothing by sprinkling some of the blood from the altar and some of the anointing oil on Aaron and his sons' and on their clothing. Then the following parts of the ram should be sacrificed: * Its fat* * The fat that lies below the kidneys** * The fat that covers its innards * Its diaphragm * Its 2 kidneys and their fat * Its right thigh***should then be removed from the ram and it's innards. *Side note: Rabbi Yishmael and Rabbi Akiva disagree as to whether this is the fat of the small intestines or the stomach. **Side note: This area of fat below the kidneys, referred to as a the אליה is only burnt in sacrifices of lambs and rams but not with goats and bulls which don't have this type of fat (hence there was no mention of it when describing the bull in yesterday's post). ***Side note: This is the only sacrifice in which the animal's right thigh is burnt. This sacrifice was considered a "peace offering" (Shlamim) and the ram was considered to be a "ram of perfection (lit. "wholeness", with the word שלום (peace) being related to the word שלם (whole)) in the sense that all the parties involved with it take part - i.e. the altar, the owners of that which was sacrificed (i.e. Aaron and his sons) and he who preformed the sacrifice (i.e. Moshe). The Bread Then one loaf from each of the 3 types of loaves of matza* (described in yesterday's post) should be placed into Aaron and his sons' palms. Moshe was then to place his hands under their palms** and they should all wave these loaves in 4 directions: Side to side to banish punishment from the four winds**** (east, west, north and south) and - up and down, acknowledging that the heavens and earth belong to G-d and as protection from harmful dew. *Side note: This was the only sacrifice in which "bread" (i.e matza) was burnt on the altar. Usually it is given to the Cohanim together with the meat. **Side note: Usually the Cohen would place his palms under the palms of the owner. In this case, Moshe acted as the Cohen. ****Side note: Possibly read as "from punishment and from harmful winds" These loaves should then be taken and together with the first ram (see yesterday's post), burnt on the altar. This is to be considered a fire offering and brings G-d's satisfaction in having His will performed. The Breast of the Ram The breast of the 2nd ram mentioned above should then be waved from side to side and its thigh lifted up and down. This will sanctify these parts so that going forward, the breast and thighs will not be burnt on the altar with the rest of the parts of animals being sacrificed but rather given to the Cohanim to eat. Aaron's Clothing Aaron's clothing will be vested with a special sanctity of the Cohen Gadol. Such that in the future, any of Aaron's descendants who are destined to be the Cohen Gadol shall wear these clothes for 7 consecutive days and this will sanctify him as Cohen Gadol. Only the Cohen Gadol is allowed to enter the Ohel Moed on Yom Kippur. If a Cohen Gadol has a son who is on the same level as him, he must be appointed as the next Cohen Gadol. The Cooking of the 2nd Ram (of Perfection/Wholeness) The remainder of this 2nd ram should be cooked and eaten by Aaron and his sons in the courtyard of the Ohel Moed*. *Side note: Due to its higher level of holiness. Regular peace offerings by contrast were allowed to be eaten anywhere within the confines of the city of Jerusalem. Through the eating of this sacrifice, Aaron and his sons are atoned and inaugurated into the priesthood. Thus no non-Cohen (i.e. anyone other than Aaron and his sons) is allowed to eat from this sacrifice. If there is anything from the sacrifice left over overnight, it should be burnt on the altar and not eaten due to its sanctity. 7 Days This whole procedure with the sacrifices should be done daily for seven consecutive days. This 7 day ritual will consecrate the altar as the "holy of holies" whereby anything that touches it thereafter (even offerings which became invalid, so long as they originally appeared before the altar as valid*) will become sanctified. *Side note: Examples of this which Rashi lists are: Parts of an animal sacrifice which were meant to be placed on the altar but were left off it overnight, or animals which were placed outside of the courtyard after being slaughtered, or sacrifices which became "impure" or which were slaughtered with the intention of eating or sacrificing it outside of its permitted time or place. Get full access to Sarede’s Substack at sarede.substack.com/subscribe

    8 min

  4. MAR 5

    Tetzavei, 4th Aliya

    Audio Summaries of the daily Chumash portions In loving memory of Ousher Zelig ben Myer HaLevi Z”L To sponsor an episode please visit: https://itistaught.com/support-this-project/To get the daily chumash summaries in your email click here https://substack.com/profile/182692001-sarede-rachel-switzer?utm_source=profile-page.Subscribe on SpotifySubscribe on Apple PodcastsPlease consider leaving a review on the platform of your choice! For comments and inquiries, email itistaught@gmail.com The Inauguration of the Cohanim G-d says that a sacrifice must be made in order to sanctify the Cohanim in their role. The sacrifice should consist of the following: 1 young bull (to atone for the sin of the golden calf which was a young bull), 2 Rams, and 10 loaves each of 3 different types of matzah, all made from fine flour. The 3 varieties of matzah were: 1)Scalded matza bread: made by first cooking its dough in boiling water until it was edible, and then baked a little and then fried in oil, making it crispy. This had 1/2 a log* of oil in it. Which was double the amount used for the other two.*A log is equal to about 0.3 liters. 2)Matzah loaves: Made by mixing the dough with oil and then baking it. This had a 1/4 of a log of oil in it. 3)Matza wafers: baked without any oil (similar to matzos we eat nowadays), but anointed with (1/2 of a log of) oil after being baked. The anointing was made in the shape of the Greek letter "chi"*. *Side note: There is a dispute as to what this letter was exactly. It is unclear as to what Rashi's opinion is in this regard. See further commentaries for the varied opinions. On the day that the Mishkan is made, all of the items for this sacrifice should be brought to the courtyard. The inauguration of the Cohanim would then begin and take place following these steps: Immersion Aaron and his sons should be brought to the entrance of the Ohel Moed and immerse their entire bodies in water. The Clothing Aaron should be clothed in all of the garments made for the Cohen Gadol, namely: 1)The Michnasaim (pants), 2)Kutonet (Tunic) 3)Me'il (Robe), 4)Ephod (Apron) 5)Choshen (Breastplate) 6)Avnet (sash) 7)Mitznevet (Turban) 8)Tzitz (Crown) (see earlier in this parsha for more details on these). Moshe is to then to anoint Aaron by pouring oil on his head and between his eyebrows and bringing this oil together with his fingers. Then Aaron's sons should be clothed in all of the garments which were made for them thus establishing their eternal priestly authority. The Bull Then the bull should be brought up in front of the Ohel Moed and Aaron and his sons should place their hands on its head. Then, in the courtyard of the Mishkan, this bull should be slaughtered and using their fingers, some of its blood should be placed on the horns of the altar and the remaining blood spilled into the protruding band near the base of the altar that was situated one cubit above the ground. The membrane of the bull's rumen (first stomach), the diaphragm, a part from the liver and the 2 kidneys with their fat shall be burnt on the altar. Its flesh, hide and dung however should be burned on the outer altar outside of the camp as a sin offering*. *Side note: Other than the sin offerings which were involved in this inauguration of the Cohenim (there was also a calf that was sacrificed by Aaron on the 8th day of this ceremony that was similarly burnt in its entirely on the outer altar outside the camp), no sin offerings were burnt outside the camp like this, they were usually eaten by the Cohanim. **Another side note: Only sin offerings required that the blood be applied with a finger and sprinkled on the horn of the altar as it is the type of sacrifice whereby the Cohanim ascend the altar and sprinkle the blood from there. Other sacrifices required neither of these as the Cohanim sprinkled their blood from the ground, thus only on the lower part of the altar. The Ram Aaron and his sons should place their hands on the ram's head and then the ram should be slaughtered. Moshe would then take the blood in a vessel and sprinkle it on two diagonal sides of the altar, so it would be visible from any side. The ram should be chopped up and its innards and feet should be washed. Then all of this together with its head should be placed together and burnt up on the altar as a burnt offering. This will satisfy G-d for He willed that this sacrifice be made. Get full access to Sarede’s Substack at sarede.substack.com/subscribe

    6 min

  5. MAR 4

    Tetzavei, 3rd Aliya

    Audio Summaries of the daily Chumash portions In loving memory of Ousher Zelig ben Myer HaLevi Z”L To sponsor an episode please visit: https://itistaught.com/support-this-project/To get the daily chumash summaries in your email click here https://substack.com/profile/182692001-sarede-rachel-switzer?utm_source=profile-page.Subscribe on SpotifySubscribe on Apple PodcastsPlease consider leaving a review on the platform of your choice! For comments and inquiries, email itistaught@gmail.com The Robe. The Showplate. The Regular Cohanim’s Clothing. The Robe (The Me’il) The Ephod was to be worn on top of a robe made completely out of blue wool. The collar of this robe should be folded inwards, similar to a coat of arms which has a collar that is folded inwards. It is forbidden to tear this robe. The bottom hem of the robe was lined with a row of alternating pomegranates (made out of blue, purple and scarlet wool) and gold bells. The Cohen Gadol must wear these garments. If he does not, he is worthy of death by the hands of heaven. The Showplate (The Tzitz) A showplate should be made out of pure gold with an engraving upon it it saying “Holy to G-d”. This showplate should be worn around the Cohen Gadol’s forehead. The showplate had three holes in it – one on each end and one in the center. Through these holes were to be thread blue cords made out of blue wool so that 6 strands of this wool hung out (one on each side from being pulled through). The two side cords were tied together and then the middle cords tied from on top to the strands now in the back, creating a sort of cap that encircled the entire crown of the head, with the show plate on the forehead in front. The Cohen Gadol was to wear this showplate as a way to appease G-d for Him to accept sacrifices that were offered from someone “unclean”.* *Side note: It did not appease for the inequity of someone who intended to eat from the sacrifice outside of the designated area (termed פִּגּוּל, lit. “abominable thing”). Nor did it appease for someone who wished to eat from the sacrifice after its allotted time (termed נוֹתָר). Nor did it appease for the Cohen himself if he were to be unclean. It only served to appease for the sake of the person who brought the sacrifice. According to most opinions, this showplate served to appease such sacrifices at all times, even if it wasn’t being worn by the Cohen Gadol at a specific time. There are some opinions however that say that it only served as an appeasement whilst the Cohen Gadol was wearing it, in which case he needed to touch it to remind himself of its significance for it to have that effect. Both the Kutonet (inner checkered tunic), and the Mitznefes (cap) (both mentioned in the first Aliyah) should be made out of linen. The Clothing of the Regular Cohanim. While the Cohen Gadol (Aaron) needed to have all of the garments mentioned, his sons (i.e. regular Cohanim), were only to wear these four garments: The Kutonet (inner tunic), the Avnet (a sash), the Migba’at (cap) and Michnasaim (linen pants – reaching from the waist to the thighs). Aaron and his sons are to wear their respective clothings and are then to be anointed as Cohanim with anointing oil. Aaron and his sons must wear their appointed clothing whenever they are to enter the Ohel Moed (Tent of Meeting), the Mishkan or approach the altar to serve G-d. If they do not wear these clothing when they are meant to, they will be liable to be put to death by the hands of heaven. Get full access to Sarede’s Substack at sarede.substack.com/subscribe

    5 min

  6. MAR 3

    Tetzavei, 2nd Aliya

    Audio Summaries of the daily Chumash portions In loving memory of Ousher Zelig ben Myer HaLevi Z”L To sponsor an episode please visit: https://itistaught.com/support-this-project/To get the daily chumash summaries in your email click here https://substack.com/profile/182692001-sarede-rachel-switzer?utm_source=profile-page.Subscribe on SpotifySubscribe on Apple PodcastsPlease consider leaving a review on the platform of your choice! For comments and inquiries, email itistaught@gmail.com The Choshen. How it attached to the Ephod. The Urim V'Tumim. The Choshen should have two braided golden chains attached to rings that were at its outer edges. These attached the Choshen to the Ephod's straps above (see below). The Choshen also had two chains hanging from its bottom two corners but from the inside. These attached the Choshen to the belt of the Ephod (see below). The Choshen should be made out of the same 5 materials as the Ephod: Blue, purple and scarlet wool, gold and twisted linen and similarly made from an expert weaver. The Choshen was called "Choshen Mishpat" (i.e "of judgement") as it: * atoned for justice being perverted or * clarified the words of justice and promised that these words would come true. The choshen should be made from material that is 1 amah x 1/2 an amah. It is then to be folded over so that it is square shaped, 1/2 an amah x 1/2 an amah (1/2 an amah is also known as a "zereth"). Is should hang from settings in the straps of the Ephod by the golden chains described above and fall right on the Cohen Gadol's chest. The Choshen should have four rows of different stones, placed into the golden settings. The stones varied in size and the settings were made to fit them exactly. The stones in each row should be as such: Row one stones: odem, pitdah, and bareketh. Row two: nofech, sappir, and yahalom. Row three: leshem, shevo, and achlamah. Row four: tarshish, shoham, and yashpheh. These 12 stones corresponded to the 12 tribes in order of their birth*. *Side note: It was not in literal order of their birth but rather in order of the women who gave birth and then their respective birth orders. Leah was the first to give birth, so the first six stones correspond to her 6 sons, followed by Bilhah, hence the 7th stone, the "leshem" corresponds to Bilhah's first son Dan. The reason for these tribes to be commemorated in this way is for them to serve as a constant rememberance to G-d. While the settings of the Ephod's straps hit right above the Choshen and attached to it via the golden chains there, the straps continued behind the Choshen, falling right above the belt of the Ephod. The shoulder straps was attached to the front side of the Ephid via a blue string that was threaded though 2 rings that were at the bottom of the shoulder straps and then through the bottom 2 rings of the Choshen. This set the Choshen in place so it wouldn't move around. Moshe placed an inscription of the ineffable name* of G-d into the folds of the Choshen. This was referred to as the Urim VeTumim. *Side note: There is a dispute as to whether this was the Tetragrammaton, the 42 letter name or the 72 letter name. Aaron (the Cohen Gadol/high priest) wore the Choshen and was in charge of judging the people. When there was a question concerning a certain judgement, the words to the answer would light up on the Urim V'Tumim. During the 2nd Beis HaMikdash, while the Cohen Gadol did wear the Choshen, there was no name inside of it so it didn't work in this same way as it did in the Mishkan. Get full access to Sarede’s Substack at sarede.substack.com/subscribe

    5 min

  7. MAR 1

    Tetzavei, 1st Aliya

    Audio Summaries of the daily Chumash portions In loving memory of Ousher Zelig ben Myer HaLevi Z”L To sponsor an episode please visit: https://itistaught.com/support-this-project/To get the daily chumash summaries in your email click here https://substack.com/profile/182692001-sarede-rachel-switzer?utm_source=profile-page.Subscribe on SpotifySubscribe on Apple PodcastsPlease consider leaving a review on the platform of your choice! For comments and inquiries, email itistaught@gmail.com The Lamp. The Priestly Inauguration. The Priestly Garments. The Lamp G-d tells Moshe to command the Israelites to set up a lamp inside of the Ohel Moed (tent of meeting), which was outside of the dividing curtain that was in front of the Aron. This lamp should be lit by the Cohanim (Aaron and his sons) with clear olive oil every night. What is meant by "clear olive oil" in this context? According to Menachos 86a, olive tree are harvested 3x per year: 1st harvest - for the olives which ripen earliest at the top of the tree. 2nd - for the olives in the middle branches which ripen later, and 3rd - for the olives which are in the lowest branches and don't receive sufficient sunlight to ripen completely until after they are harvested. For this olive oil to have been considered "clear", this meant that it should never have had sediments in it. At each harvest the olives go through 3 stages of oil extraction: being crushed with a mortar, pressed with a beam and ground with mill stones. Only the olive oil made from olives which only passed through the first stage of being crushed with a mortar but not the other two are considered "clear" enough to be used to kindle these lamps. After extracting this "pure" oil for the lamps, the rest of the olives should be ground with mill stones, and this resulting oil was to be used for meal offerings. The Cohen was to light these lamps by holding the flame to the wick until the wick would ignite on its own. The amount of oil that was used in this lamp was "1/2 of a log" (6-10.6 fluid ounces). This was enough for the lamp to burn through the longest nights of the year, during the winter month of Teves. Although this would mean that in warmer months the lamp would burn somewhat into the morning, that was fine. The Inauguration of the Cohanim After the Mishkan has been set up, Moshe is to gather Aaron and his sons (Nadav, Avihu, Elazar and Itamar) and inaugurate them as Cohanim (priests). Moshe is to speak to "wise hearted" men who are filled with the "spirit of wisdom" and have them make special clothes for Aaron as a way to officially inaugurate him into the (high) priestly service. These wise hearted men are to receive donations of gold and turquoise wool and out of these consecrated offerings, together with purple and scarlet wool and twisted linen, the priestly garments should be woven. All of these five materials were twisted into one thread as such: The gold wool was made by flattening out the gold and cutting it into cords and then spinning these into threads. Then one thread of this gold was twisted into 6 threads of each of the other materials. Then all 4 of these gold laced threads were threaded into one thicker thread, which was now 28 strands thick. The Priestly Garments The Garments of the High Priest should be as follows: An Ephod: Rashi cannot find a source that describes what the Ephod is, however his "heart" tells him that it was a type of apron which was tied to the Cohen from behind, at the height of the chest, below the elbows. The Ephod's length reached to the Cohen's ankles. The Ephod had a belt with two shoulder straps attached from behind. The belt and shoulder straps were made out of the same material as the Ephod. The shoulder straps were folded in front of him reaching slightly below his shoulders. Each shoulder strap had a stone set into it called a "shoham" stone which were set in golden enclosures . These shoham stones were to have the names of the twelve tribes engraved into them, written in order of their birth, with 6 on one stone and 6 on the other. The names of these tribes will serve as a memory of their righteousness for G-d. The Ephod was attached to the Choshen (see below) by the Choshen's gold chains being attached to the shoham stones' golden settings. A Choshen: A breastplate. There were rings in its upper two corners and two gold chains right at the edges of the Choshen. These chains went through the rings and then attached to the Ephod (see above) so that the Choshen was displayed on the front of the Cohen Gadol's chest. There were two more rings at the bottom of the Choshen. These rings attached to two rings which were on the belt part of the Ephod (which was attached to the Ephod's shoulder strap) with a blue cord. This kept everything in place. A Me'il: An outer robe worn on top of the High Priests clothes. The ephod was worn as a belt on top of the me'il. A Kutoness: A checkered tunic, checkered with boxes in which to set gems. This was the inner tunic, worn right on top of the Cohen's flesh. A Mitznefes: A dome shaped hat. An Aveneit: A belt worn on top of the Kutones. Get full access to Sarede’s Substack at sarede.substack.com/subscribe

    7 min

  8. FEB 28

    Terumah, 6th Aliya

    Audio Summaries of the daily Chumash portions In loving memory of Ousher Zelig ben Myer HaLevi Z”L To sponsor an episode please visit: https://itistaught.com/support-this-project/To get the daily chumash summaries in your email click here https://substack.com/profile/182692001-sarede-rachel-switzer?utm_source=profile-page.Subscribe on SpotifySubscribe on Apple PodcastsPlease consider leaving a review on the platform of your choice! For comments and inquiries, email itistaught@gmail.com The Copper Altar G-d instructs that a copper altar be made out of shittim wood. It should be square in shape, 5x5 amos. According to Rabbi Yehudah, it should be 3 amos tall. According to Rabbi Yosei, 3 amos should merely be its height from the edge of it's band and upwards, whereas its actual height should be double it's length, just like the interior altar (to be discussed later), i.e 10 amos. This altar was filled with earth, which is why it is elsewhere referred to as the earthern altar. The altar should have 4 horns carved into it. The altar should be covered with copper to atone for insolence. Copper is given as a metaphor for insolence in Isaiah 48:4. All of the utensils of this altar should be made out of copper. These utensils are: * Kettle pots and thin shovels (in the shape of a metal pot's lid) - used to remove ashes from the altar * Sprinkling basins to catch the blood from sacrifices * Prongs to dig into the meat on the altar and rotate it on the coals of the altar's fire and fire pans * Fire pans - Convex pans to carry the coals for incense from the altar to the inner altar. A copper grate should be made, to serve as a sieve for altar. This grate should have four copper rings placed on each of its four corners. The grating was 1 cubit wide and was situated at the halfway point of the altar from the ground, which was demarcated by a red line. This halfway point served as a designation point between the "upper and lower bloods" (some blood from the sacrifices was required to be sprinkled above the altar and some below). The altar had two rounded grooves, one on top of the other. The top one was 3 cubits down from the top of the altar (this is according to the opinion that the altar was 10 cubits tall, not 3 cubits - see first paragraph above) and was to protect the Kohanim from slipping off the alter. The one below that was 1 cubit wide and was for decorative purposes. A hairsbreath away from the altar, to its south was a ramp. The base of this ramp reached till a cubit away from the hangings of the courtyard on the Mishkan's south side. According to the opinion that the altar was only 3 cubits tall, this ramp was 10 cubits long. There should be poles made to carry the altar out of shittim wood, covered in copper. These poles were placed into and kept in the above mentioned rings so that there was one pole on either side. Get full access to Sarede’s Substack at sarede.substack.com/subscribe

    4 min
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Audio Summaries of the daily Chumash portions In loving memory of Ousher Zelig ben Myer HaLevi Z”L sarede.substack.com

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    Sarede Rachel Switzer
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