Ep.002 依恋理论（Attachment Theory）： CPTSD视角下的依恋理论（中）

这期播客我们要在结合依恋理论的基础上，聊一聊复杂性创伤后应激障碍(CPTSD)如何影响我们的行为。我们或许会因为生活中的一些小事产生与之不匹配的情绪波动。我们或许会尤其害怕社交，担心社交中的负反馈。我们或许会经常被严厉的内在批判者和自身毒性的羞耻感所审视和折磨。我们或许会对同一件人际关系之中的事情，产生出截然不同的反应。我们或许会对自己的人生感到虚无和无意义。我们可能会很难和其他人建立和维系亲近的关系。这些看似不相关的问题都可以追溯到我们成长中的创伤性体验。希望借用CPTSD的视角，这期播客可以帮助我们更好的了解这些困扰的起源。

时间轴：

开头 - 0:27

什么是CPTSD(复杂性创伤后应激障碍) - 3:46

让我们退行到脆弱状态的情绪闪回 - 7:27

CPTSD与社交焦虑 - 11:22

来自内在批判者的审视与折磨 - 15:17

自我嫌弃作为追求真理意志(will to truth)的动力 - 22:43

因为不被接纳产生的“慕强”和“智性恋”倾向 - 25:22

个体4F反应（战、逃、僵和讨好）的起源 - 28:23

4F反应如何限制个体的共情能力 - 32:33

童年时期的创伤性体验与无意义感 - 37:17

缺失无条件的爱如何影响成年人 - 45:36

理性作为一种自我保护手段 - 50:26

“性单恋”作为一种创伤带来的依恋障碍 - 52:00

结尾 - 56:50

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参考文献:

彼得沃克 (2023) 不原谅也没关系. 北京: 北京科学技术出版社. 

Burnette, J.L. et al. (2009) ‘Insecure attachment and depressive symptoms: The mediating role of rumination, empathy, and forgiveness’, Personality and Individual Differences, 46(3), pp. 276–280. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2008.10.016. 

Crittenden, P.M. (1992) ‘Treatment of anxious attachment in infancy and early childhood’, Development and Psychopathology, 4(4), pp. 575–602. doi:10.1017/s0954579400004880. 

Fantini-Hauwel, C., Boudoukha, A.H. and Arciszewski, T. (2012) ‘Adult attachment and emotional awareness impairment: A multimethod assessment’, Socioaffective Neuroscience & Psychology, 2(1), p. 10744. doi:10.3402/snp.v2i0.10744. 

Ináncsi, T., Láng, A. and Bereczkei, T. (2015) ‘Machiavellianism and adult attachment in general interpersonal relationships and close relationships’, Europe’s Journal of Psychology, 11(1), pp. 139–154. doi:10.5964/ejop.v11i1.801. 

Jinyao, Y. et al. (2012) ‘Insecure attachment as a predictor of depressive and anxious symptomology’, Depression and Anxiety, 29(9), pp. 789–796. doi:10.1002/da.21953. 

Karatzias, T. et al. (2021) ‘Childhood trauma, attachment orientation, and complex PTSD (CPTSD) symptoms in a clinical sample: Implications for treatment’, Development and Psychopathology, 34(3), pp. 1192–1197. doi:10.1017/s0954579420001509. 

Kekkonen, V. et al. (2023) ‘Externally oriented thinking style increases primary health care use in adolescence’, European Journal of Public Health, 33(3), pp. 418–423. doi:10.1093/eurpub/ckad041. 

Rholes, W.S. and Simpson, J.A. (2007) Adult attachment: Theory, research, and clinical implications. New York: Guilford. 

Simonsen, S. et al. (2020) ‘Level of alexithymia as a measure of personality dysfunction in avoidant personality disorder’, Nordic Journal of Psychiatry, 75(4), pp. 266–274. doi:10.1080/08039488.2020.1841290. 

Simpson, J.A. and Rholes, W.S. (2015) Attachment theory and research: New Directions and emerging themes. New York: The Guilford Press. 

Talia, A. et al. (2019) ‘Patients’ adult attachment interview classification and their experience of the therapeutic relationship: Are they associated?’, Research in Psychotherapy: Psychopathology, Process and Outcome, 22(2). doi:10.4081/ripppo.2019.361. 

Music Copyright:

Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/jonny-boyle/carefree-in-france  License code: JMZPHAT8CUM405NY

Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/theo-gerard/my-baby-and-me  License code: YFBEBIVXFXTR3TVC