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  1. قبل ١٠ ساعات

    Birds Evolved from Dinosaurs: The Theropod Connection - The Deep Talk

    Table of Contents Introduction What Are Theropod Dinosaurs? When Did Birds Evolve from Dinosaurs? How Does Fossil Evidence Show the Link Between Dinosaurs and Birds? The Role of Archaeopteryx in Bird Evolution Why Did Feathers Evolve in Theropods? The Evolution of Flight: From Gliding to Soaring Recent Discoveries in 2025 Shedding New Light How Birds Survived While Other Dinosaurs Went Extinct Modern Birds: Living Dinosaurs Among Us Key Takeaways FAQ Introduction Picture this: a ferocious T. rex chasing prey, but fast-forward millions of years, and its descendants are chirping in your backyard. That's the wild truth of evolution—birds evolved from dinosaurs, specifically a group of bipedal, carnivorous ones called theropods. In this article, we'll unpack how birds evolved from dinosaurs during the Jurassic Period, spotlighting fossil evidence like the feathered dinosaur Archaeopteryx. As a paleontology enthusiast who's pored over countless fossils and studies, I can say this journey from ground-dwelling predators to sky-soaring avians is one of science's most thrilling tales, packed with insights for anyone curious about our planet's history. What Are Theropod Dinosaurs? Theropods were a diverse group of dinosaurs that walked on two legs, much like modern birds do. Think of iconic ones like Velociraptor or Tyrannosaurus rex—they were agile, meat-eating hunters with sharp claws and keen senses. Emerging around 230 million years ago in the Triassic Period, theropods dominated as top predators. What sets them apart? Hollow bones for lightness, three-toed feet, and in some, early feather-like structures. These traits didn't just help them hunt; they laid the groundwork for bird evolution. By the Jurassic, around 160 million years ago, some theropods started showing bird-like features, blurring the line between dinosaur and avian. When Did Birds Evolve from Dinosaurs? Birds evolved from dinosaurs around 160 to 150 million years ago during the Jurassic Period. This wasn't an overnight change but a gradual process where certain theropods adapted over generations. The timeline starts with small, feathered theropods in what's now China and Europe. By the late Jurassic, creatures like Archaeopteryx appeared, showcasing the transition. Fast-forward to the Cretaceous, and more advanced birds coexisted with non-avian dinosaurs until the mass extinction 66 million years ago. Recent data from 2025 studies, including a Jurassic fossil from China, pushes the origin back slightly, suggesting birds arose 172-164 million years ago. This refines our understanding of when flight-capable avians first took off. How Does Fossil Evidence Show the Link Between Dinosaurs and Birds?  Fossil evidence is the smoking gun in this evolutionary story. Sites like Germany's Solnhofen limestone and China's Liaoning Province have yielded treasures showing the dino-bird connection. Key fossils include Microraptor, a four-winged theropod that glided, and Anchiornis, with colorful feathers. These share skeletal features with birds: fused collarbones (wishbones), reduced tails, and air sacs in bones for efficient breathing. Statistics from paleontological databases show over 50 feathered dinosaur species discovered since 1996, with 2025 adding more like a tiny bone rewriting flight origins. Sources like the Natural History Museum confirm theropods as bird ancestors. The Role of Archaeopteryx in Bird Evolution  Archaeopteryx, discovered in 1861, is the poster child for bird evolution. This pigeon-sized creature from 150 million years ago had teeth, claws, and a long tail like dinosaurs, but feathers and wings like birds. It bridged the gap, showing asymmetrical flight feathers for powered flight, though likely short bursts. The "Chicago Archaeopteryx" from 2025, the smallest specimen, reveals insights into pennaceous feathers' evolution. Debates rage: Was it a true bird or transitional dino? Consensus leans toward basal avialan, kickstarting the avian lineage. Why Did Feathers Evolve in Theropods? Feathers didn't start for flight—they likely provided insulation for small theropods in cooler climates. Early filaments on dinosaurs like Sinosauropteryx were simple, hair-like structures for warmth or display. Over time, they branched into complex vanes. In theropods like Caudipteryx, feathers aided courtship or camouflage. By Archaeopteryx's era, they enabled gliding, then flight. A 2025 study on melanosomes in fossils shows black feathers strengthened wings, mirroring modern birds. This adaptation boosted survival, leading to diverse uses. The Evolution of Flight: From Gliding to Soaring Flight evolved gradually. Early theropods like Microraptor used four wings to glide from trees, a "trees-down" theory supported by fossils. Wing structures developed from forelimbs, with wrist bones adapting for flapping—as per a 2025 Yale study on dinosaur wrists linking to bird flight. By the Cretaceous, true powered flight emerged, aided by lighter bones and stronger muscles. Modern birds refined this with keeled sternums for muscle attachment. Recent Discoveries in 2025 Shedding New Light 2025 has been a banner year for paleo finds. A tiny dinosaur bone rewrote flight origins, showing brain enlargement and posture changes in theropods. An Antarctic bird skull illuminated early avian evolution post-dinosaurs. Chinese Jurassic fossils extended bird origins to 172 million years ago. These, from journals like Nature, reinforce theropod-bird links with new anatomical data. How Birds Survived While Other Dinosaurs Went Extinct The asteroid impact 66 million years ago wiped out non-avian dinosaurs, but birds endured. Why? Small size, varied diets, and flight allowed escape and adaptation. Beaked birds like early enantiornithines diversified quickly. Post-extinction, they filled niches, leading to over 10,000 species today. Data from the Paleobiology Database shows avian radiation post-K-Pg event. Modern Birds: Living Dinosaurs Among Us Today's birds—from eagles to penguins—are theropod descendants. Traits like hollow bones and high metabolism echo dinosaur ancestors. Examples: The hoatzin chick's wing claws recall Archaeopteryx. Parrots and chickens trace to coelurosaurs. This connection reframes birdwatching as dino-spotting. What's your favorite "living dinosaur"? Share in the comments—I'd love to discuss! For more prehistoric insights, check our articles on Dinosaur Extinction Causes or Feathered Dinosaurs Discoveries. Explore the Natural History Museum's dino exhibits here. Dive into Wikipedia's origin of birds page here. Key Takeaways Birds evolved from theropod dinosaurs in the Jurassic, around 160-150 million years ago. Fossils like Archaeopteryx show feathers and wings bridging dinos and birds. Feathers started for insulation, evolving into flight tools. 2025 discoveries refine timelines and anatomy links. Birds survived extinction due to adaptability, becoming diverse "living dinosaurs." FAQ What are theropod dinosaurs? Theropods were bipedal, carnivorous dinosaurs like T. rex, ancestors to birds with features like hollow bones and claws. When did birds evolve from dinosaurs? Birds evolved from theropods during the Jurassic Period, around 160-150 million years ago, with early forms like Archaeopteryx. How does Archaeopteryx link dinosaurs and birds? Archaeopteryx had dinosaur traits like teeth and a tail but bird-like feathers and wings, showing the evolutionary transition. Why did feathers evolve in dinosaurs? Feathers likely started for insulation in theropods, later adapting for display and flight. What is the evidence for bird evolution from dinosaurs? Fossils with shared features, like feathered theropods, and 2025 studies on bones and brains confirm the link. How did flight evolve in birds? From gliding in tree-dwelling theropods to powered flight via wing and wrist adaptations over millions of years. Are modern birds considered dinosaurs? Yes, birds are the only surviving theropod dinosaurs, often called "avian dinosaurs." Got more questions? Comment below—let's geek out over dinos!

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  2. قبل ١١ ساعة

    Shankar Mahadevan: Biography, Songs, and Career - The Walkman Show

    Table of Contents Introduction Who Is Shankar Mahadevan? Early Life and Education How Did Shankar Mahadevan Start His Music Career? Breakthrough with Breathless What Makes Shankar-Ehsaan-Loy So Successful? Iconic Songs and Film Contributions Awards and Recognitions Shankar Mahadevan Academy: Revolutionizing Music Education Personal Life and Family Recent Activities and Collaborations What Is Shankar Mahadevan's Impact on Indian Music? Key Takeaways FAQ Introduction Imagine a software engineer trading code for melodies, turning a passion for music into a legacy that resonates across generations. That's the story of Shankar Mahadevan, the versatile Indian singer and composer who's captivated hearts worldwide. In this article, we'll dive into Shankar Mahadevan's biography, his unforgettable songs, and the milestones that define his extraordinary career. As someone who's followed Indian music for years, I can tell you his journey is as inspiring as his voice is soul-stirring—perfect for anyone curious about Bollywood's musical maestros. Who Is Shankar Mahadevan? Shankar Mahadevan is a renowned Indian singer, composer, and playback artist best known for his work in Bollywood and beyond. Born on March 3, 1967, in Chembur, Mumbai, into a Tamil-speaking family from Palakkad, Kerala, he blends Hindustani classical, Carnatic, and fusion music effortlessly. He's a key member of the Shankar-Ehsaan-Loy trio, responsible for some of Bollywood's biggest hits. His voice has graced over 1,000 songs in multiple languages, including Hindi, Tamil, Telugu, and Kannada. From devotional chants to high-energy tracks, Shankar's range is unmatched. He's not just a performer; he's an educator too, founding the Shankar Mahadevan Academy to teach music online globally. Early Life and Education Growing up in Mumbai, Shankar showed an early affinity for music. He began learning Hindustani classical and Carnatic music as a child, mastering the veena by age five under tutors like Shri Lalitha Venkataraman, Pandit Shrinivas Khale, and T.R. Balamani. Despite his musical talents, Shankar pursued a practical path. He attended Our Lady of Perpetual Succour High School in Chembur and graduated in 1988 with a degree in Computer Science and Software Engineering from Ramrao Adik Institute of Technology, Navi Mumbai. He even worked as a software engineer at Leading Edge Systems (now Trigyn Technologies) before music called him full-time. This blend of tech and tunes shaped his unique approach—analytical yet artistic. How Did Shankar Mahadevan Start His Music Career? Shankar's entry into music was gradual but impactful. After his engineering job, he dabbled in jingles and regional films. His big break came in the 1990s with Indi-pop, fusing classical elements with jazz and pop. He gained early recognition singing for films like "Humse Hai Muqabla" (1995) with tracks like "Urvashi Take It Easy." Collaborations with A.R. Rahman, including the National Award-winning "Yenna Solla Pogirai" from "Kandukondain Kandukondain" (2000), propelled him forward. Forming Shankar-Ehsaan-Loy in the late '90s with Ehsaan Noorani and Loy Mendons marked a turning point. Their debut in "Mission Kashmir" (2000) set the stage for Bollywood dominance. Breakthrough with Breathless In 1998, Shankar released his non-film album "Breathless," featuring the title track sung in one seamless breath—or so it seemed. The song topped charts, blending raga and pop, and made him an overnight sensation. It showcased his vocal prowess and innovative style, earning him fans beyond films. "Breathless" remains a benchmark for fusion music in India. What Makes Shankar-Ehsaan-Loy So Successful? The trio—Shankar, Ehsaan, and Loy—has composed for over 50 films, including "Dil Chahta Hai" (2001), "Kal Ho Naa Ho" (2003), and "My Name Is Khan" (2010). Their secret? Reinvention and diversity, from rock-infused tracks to soulful ballads. They've won multiple National Film Awards and Filmfare Awards, blending genres seamlessly. Shankar credits their longevity to constant innovation, as seen in recent projects like "Vishwaroopam." Iconic Songs and Film Contributions Shankar's discography is vast. Here's a curated list of must-listens: Breathless (1998): The fusion hit that started it all. Kajra Re (Bunty Aur Babli, 2005): An item number that sparked a trend. Kal Ho Naa Ho (Title Track, 2003): Emotional ballad with Shankar's heartfelt rendition. Mitwa (Kabhi Alvida Naa Kehna, 2006): Soul-stirring melody. Noor-un-Ala-Noor (Meenaxi, 2004): Fusion of Sufi and classical. He's also contributed to devotional music, like "Greatest Ganesha Chants," tying into his cultural roots. In 2025, he's featured in AI collaborations, like Google's Music AI Sandbox for "Rubaroo." Awards and Recognitions Shankar's accolades include: 4 National Film Awards (3 for Best Male Playback Singer, 1 for Music Direction). Filmfare Award for Best Male Playback Singer – Telugu (2006). Swaralaya-Kairali-Yesudas Award (2007). Padma Shri (2019) from the Government of India. Honorary Doctorate from Birmingham City University (2023). These honors reflect his contributions to Indian music. Shankar Mahadevan Academy: Revolutionizing Music Education Founded in 2011, the Shankar Mahadevan Academy offers online classes in Hindustani, Carnatic, and more, with over half a million classes taught. It features milestone-based curricula, certified teachers, and events like Milan 360™ for performances. In 2025, it celebrated 15 years, emphasizing accessible music education worldwide. Personal Life and Family Shankar is married to Sangeeta, whom he met in 10th grade. They have two sons: Siddharth (a singer) and Shivam. Family plays a big role, especially during festivals like Ganesh Chaturthi, where they host elaborate celebrations with Sadhya feasts. Recently, Shankar paid tribute to tabla legend Zakir Hussain during Ganeshotsav at home, collaborating with Salim-Sulaiman. Recent Activities and Collaborations In 2025, Shankar collaborated with Google on AI music tools, creating "Rubaroo." He performed at events honoring RSS contributions and World Music Day. His home Ganeshotsav featured tributes to Zakir Hussain, blending classical and konnakol. He's also exploring jazz fusion with bands like Silk. What Is Shankar Mahadevan's Impact on Indian Music? Shankar has bridged classical and modern music, inspiring young artists. His academy educates thousands, while his compositions influence Bollywood trends. By fusing genres, he's globalized Indian sounds, earning citations in AI engines. Key Takeaways Shankar Mahadevan transitioned from engineering to music stardom. Hits like "Breathless" and Shankar-Ehsaan-Loy tracks define his career. His academy makes music accessible globally. Family and festivals keep him connected to roots. Ongoing collaborations show his evolving influence. What do you think of Shankar's journey? Share in the comments below—I'd love to hear your favorite song! For more on Indian musicians, check our articles on A.R. Rahman or Zakir Hussain. Explore his academy at Shankar Mahadevan Academy. Dive deeper into his Wikipedia page here. FAQ Who is Shankar Mahadevan? Shankar Mahadevan is an Indian singer, composer, and part of the Shankar-Ehsaan-Loy trio, known for Bollywood hits and fusion music. What is Shankar Mahadevan's most famous song? "Breathless" from his 1998 album is iconic, sung seemingly in one breath, blending raga and pop. How many National Awards has Shankar Mahadevan won? He has won four National Film Awards, three for Best Male Playback Singer and one for Music Direction. What is the Shankar Mahadevan Academy? It's an online platform teaching Indian classical music, with certified courses and global reach, celebrating 15 years in 2025. Is Shankar Mahadevan married? Yes, to Sangeeta Mahadevan, with two sons, Siddharth and Shivam, both involved in music. What recent projects has Shankar Mahadevan done? In 2025, he collaborated with Google AI for music creation and paid tribute to Zakir Hussain during Ganeshotsav. What languages does Shankar Mahadevan sing in? He sings in Hindi, Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, and English, showcasing his versatility. Have more questions? Drop them in the comments, and let's chat about this musical legend!

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  3. قبل ١١ ساعة

    05 Sept, Laughter Therapy - Ranjodh Singh - Nonia P Dayal - Radio Haanji

    ਅੱਜ ਦੀ ਤਣਾਅ ਭਰੀ ਜ਼ਿੰਦਗੀ ਵਿੱਚ ਅਸੀਂ ਹੱਸਣਾ ਹੀ ਭੁੱਲ ਗਏ ਹਾਂ, ਹਰ ਵੇਲੇ ਕੋਈ ਨਾ ਫ਼ਿਕਰ ਸਾਡੇ ਮੱਥੇ ਦੀ ਤਿਊੜੀ ਦੇ ਰੂਪ ਵਿੱਚ ਸਾਡੇ ਚਿਹਰੇ ਦਾ ਸ਼ਿੰਗਾਰ ਬਣੀ ਰਹਿੰਦੀ ਹੈ, ਪਰ ਵਿੱਚ ਅਸੀਂ ਇਹ ਵਾਅਦਾ ਕਰਦੇ ਹਾਂ ਕਿ ਨੰਨ੍ਹੇ-ਮੁੰਨੇ ਬੱਚਿਆਂ ਦੀਆਂ ਮਸੂਮ ਤੇ ਢਿੱਡੀਂ ਪੀੜਾਂ ਪਾਉਣ ਵਾਲੀਆਂ ਗੱਲਾਂ, ਚੁੱਟਕਲੇ, ਕਿੱਸੇ-ਕਹਾਣੀ, ਬੁਜਰਤਾਂ ਉੱਤੇ ਖੁੱਲ ਕੇ ਹੱਸਾਂਗੇ ਤੇ ਜੋ ਵੀ ਗੁੱਸੇ-ਗਿਲੇ, ਪ੍ਰੇਸ਼ਾਨੀਆਂ ਮਨ ਵਿੱਚ ਸਾਂਭੀ ਫਿਰਦੇ ਹਾਂ ਉਹਨਾਂ ਸਭ ਨੂੰ ਭੁੱਲ ਕੇ ਖੁਸ਼ੀ ਦਾ ਆਨੰਦ ਮਾਨਾਂਗੇ, ਇਸ ਸ਼ਾਨਦਾਰ ਸਫ਼ਰ ਵਿੱਚ ਗੁਰਪਾਲ ਵਾਲੀ ਮੰਨਤ, ਗੁਰਪਾਲ ਸਿੰਘ, ਫਤਹਿ ਵਾਲੀ ਮੰਨਤ, ਫਤਿਹ ਸਿੰਘ, ਮਨਰਾਜ ਐਸ ਔਜਲਾ, ਆਰਜ਼ਾ, ਜਸਮੀਨ ਕੌਰ, ਬਾਣੀ ਕੌਰ, ਅਸੀਸ ਕੌਰ, ਰੋਨੀਸ਼, ਬਸੰਤ ਲਾਲ, ਨਰਿੰਦਰ ਸਹਿਮੀ, ਰਮਨਪ੍ਰੀਤ ਜੱਸੋਵਾਲ, ਬੈਨੀਪਾਲ ਬ੍ਰਦਰਜ਼, ਸੇਹਿਬ ਸਨਵਾਰ, ਕਿਸਮਤ ਅਤੇ ਰੇਡੀਓ ਹਾਂਜੀ ਵੱਲੋਂ ਰਣਜੋਧ ਸਿੰਘ, ਨੋਨੀਆ ਪੀ ਦਿਆਲ, ਸੁੱਖ ਪਰਮਾਰ, ਜੈਸਮੀਨ ਕੌਰ ਸਾਥ ਦੇਣਗੇ ਅਤੇ ਤੁਹਾਨੂੰ ਲੈ ਜਾਣਗੇ ਖੁਸ਼ੀਆਂ ਅਤੇ ਹਾਸੇ ਦੀ ਇੱਕ ਵੱਖਰੀ ਦੁਨੀਆ ਵਿੱਚ, ਆਜੋ ਫਿਰ ਆਨੰਦ ਮਾਣਦੇ ਹਾਂ Laughter Therapy ਦਾ

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    ਹੜ੍ਹ-ਮਾਰੇ ਪੰਜਾਬ ਦੀ ਮਦਦ ਲਈ ਪ੍ਰਵਾਸੀ ਪੰਜਾਬੀ ਭਾਈਚਾਰੇ ਵੱਲੋਂ ਕੋਸ਼ਿਸ਼ਾਂ ਸ਼ੁਰੂ

    ਭਿਆਨਕ ਹੜ੍ਹਾਂ ਕਰਕੇ ਹੁਣ ਸਮੁੱਚਾ ਪੰਜਾਬ ਭਾਰੀ ਸੰਕਟ ਵਿੱਚੋਂ ਗੁਜ਼ਰ ਰਿਹਾ ਹੈ। ਜ਼ਮੀਨੀ ਹਕੀਕਤ ਮੁਤਾਬਿਕ ਜ਼ਿਆਦਾਤਰ ਰਾਹਤ ਅਤੇ ਬਚਾਅ ਕੰਮਾਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਸਥਾਨਿਕ ਲੋਕ ਅਤੇ ਜਥੇਬੰਦੀਆਂ ਅੱਗੇ ਆਈਆਂ ਹਨ ਜਦਕਿ ਸਰਕਾਰੀ ਅਤੇ ਪ੍ਰਸ਼ਾਸ਼ਨਿਕ ਪੱਧਰ ਉੱਤੇ ਵੀ ਕਾਰਜ ਵਿੱਡੇ ਦੱਸੇ ਜਾ ਰਹੇ ਹਨ। ਮੀਡਿਆ ਰਿਪੋਰਟਾਂ ਮੁਤਾਬਿਕ ਪਹਾੜਾਂ ਤੋਂ ਮੈਦਾਨਾਂ ਵੱਲ ਨੂੰ ਆਏ ਪਾਣੀ ਅਤੇ ਹੁਣ ਸੂਬੇ ’ਚ ਪਏ ਭਾਰੀ ਮੀਂਹ ਕਾਰਨ ਹਾਲਾਤ ਬਦ ਤੋਂ ਬਦਤਰ ਹੋ ਗਏ ਹਨ। ਇਸ ਵੇਲ਼ੇ ਪੰਜਾਬ ਵਿੱਚ 1400 ਪਿੰਡ ਹੜ੍ਹਾਂ ਦੀ ਮਾਰ ਝੱਲ ਰਹੇ ਹਨ ਜਦੋਂ ਕਿ 3.54 ਲੱਖ ਲੋਕ ਬੁਰੀ ਤਰਾਂਹ ਪ੍ਰਭਾਵਿਤ ਹੋਏ ਹਨ। ਅੰਕੜਿਆਂ ਮੁਤਾਬਿਕ ਗੁਰਦਾਸਪੁਰ ਜ਼ਿਲ੍ਹਾ ਸਭ ਤੋਂ ਵੱਧ ਪ੍ਰਭਾਵਿਤ ਹੋਇਆ ਹੈ ਜਿਸ ਪਿੱਛੋਂ ਅੰਮ੍ਰਿਤਸਰ, ਹੁਸ਼ਿਆਰਪੁਰ ਦਾ ਨੰਬਰ ਹੈ।  ਇਸ ਦੌਰਾਨ ਬਚਾਅ ਅਭਿਆਨ, ਸੇਵਾ-ਸਮਰਪਣ ਵਿੱਚ ਜੁਟੇ ਸੇਵਾਦਾਰਾਂ ਨੇ ਅਪੀਲ ਕੀਤੀ ਹੈ ਕਿ ਪੈਸੇ ਦੇ ਨਾਲ਼-ਨਾਲ਼ ਸੇਵਾਦਾਰਾਂ ਦੀ ਵੀ ਲੋੜ ਹੈ ਜੋ ਕਿ ਅਗਲੇ ਤਿੰਨ-ਚਾਰ ਮਹੀਨੇ ਜਾਂ ਇਸਤੋਂ ਵੀ ਵੱਧ ਜਾਰੀ ਰਹਿਣ ਦੀ ਸੰਭਾਵਨਾ ਹੈ। ਇਧਰ ਆਸਟ੍ਰੇਲੀਆ ਵਸਦੇ ਪ੍ਰਵਾਸੀ ਪੰਜਾਬੀ ਭਾਈਚਾਰੇ ਵੱਲੋਂ ਕਈ ਫੰਡਰੇਜ਼ਰ ਵੀ ਸ਼ੁਰੂ ਕੀਤੇ ਗਏ ਹਨ ਅਤੇ ਲੋਕਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਆਪੋ-ਆਪਣੇ ਪਿੰਡ-ਸ਼ਹਿਰ ਹਰ ਸੰਭਵ ਮਦਦ ਕਰਨ ਦੀ ਅਪੀਲ ਕੀਤੀ ਜਾ ਰਹੀ ਹੈ। ਹਾਂਜੀ ਮੈਲਬੌਰਨ ਦੇ ਇਸ ਹਿੱਸੇ ਵਿੱਚ ਬਲਕੀਰਤ ਸਿੰਘ ਅਤੇ ਪ੍ਰੀਤਇੰਦਰ ਗਰੇਵਾਲ ਇਸੇ ਵਿਸ਼ੇ ਉੱਤੇ ਚਰਚਾ ਕਰ ਰਹੇ ਹਨ ਜਿਸ ਦੌਰਾਨ ਸਾਡੇ ਸੁਨਣ ਵਾਲਿਆਂ ਨੇ ਵੀ ਆਪਣੇ ਵਿਚਾਰ ਸਾਂਝੇ ਕੀਤੇ। ਹੋਰ ਵੇਰਵੇ ਲਈ ਇਹ ਪੋਡਕਾਸਟ ਸੁਣੋ...

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Welcome to Australia’s No. 1 Punjabi Radio Station. You will enjoy Radio Haanji exclusive podcasts, interviews, stories and many more.

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