Bu İnsanlar Neden Böyle‪?‬ Sinan Alper

Şiddet içerikli bilgisayar oyunları, çocuklar ve gençlerde gerçek şiddeti arttırır mı? Bu oyunları oynayanların gerçek hayattaki saldırganlıkları gerçekten artar mı? Gelin, konu hakkında yapılmış bilimsel çalışmalara bir göz atalım.



Kullanılan Kaynaklar:

Anderson, C. A., & Bushman, B. J. (2001). Effects of violent video games on aggressive behavior, aggressive cognition, aggressive affect, physiological arousal, and prosocial behavior: A meta-analytic review of the scientific literature. Psychological Science, 12(5), 353-359. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9280.00366

Anderson, C. A., Shibuya, A., Ihori, N., Swing, E. L., Bushman, B. J., Sakamoto, A., ... & Saleem, M. (2010). Violent video game effects on aggression, empathy, and prosocial behavior in eastern and western countries: a meta-analytic review. Psychological Bulletin, 136(2), 151-173. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/a0018251

APA 2015 raporu https://www.apa.org/science/leadership/bsa/report-violent-video-games.pdf

APA 2020 düzeltme https://www.apa.org/news/press/releases/2020/03/violent-video-games-behavior

Ayazoğlu Yassı, B. (2022). The moderating role of ostracism and feeling of competence in game-play on the relationship between violent video game playing and aggression: A longitudinal study.

Bandura, A., Ross, D., & Ross, S. A. (1961). Transmission of aggression through imitation of aggressive models. The Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 63(3), 575–582. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0045925

Beerthuizen, M. G., Weijters, G., & van der Laan, A. M. (2017). The release of Grand Theft Auto V and registered juvenile crime in the Netherlands. European Journal of Criminology, 14(6), 751-765. https://doi.org/10.1177/1477370817717070

Ferguson, C. J., Copenhaver, A., & Markey, P. (2020). Reexamining the findings of the American Psychological Association’s 2015 task force on violent media: A meta-analysis. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 15(6), 1423-1443. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691620927666 Hilgard, J.,

Engelhardt, C. R., Rouder, J. N., Segert, I. L., & Bartholow, B. D. (2019). Null effects of game violence, game difficulty, and 2D: 4D digit ratio on aggressive behavior. Psychological Science, 30(4), 606-616. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797619829688

Orben, A. (2020). The Sisyphean cycle of technology panics. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 15(5), 1143-1157. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691620919372

Prescott, A. T., Sargent, J. D., & Hull, J. G. (2018). Metaanalysis of the relationship between violent video game play and physical aggression over time. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 115(40), 9882-9888. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1611617114
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Yeni dizi Sıcak Kafa’yı ve “abuklama” kavramını konuşuyoruz. Abuklamaya dair birçok bilimsel çalışma olduğunu biliyor muydunuz? Buyrun gelin, abuklamanın sosyal psikolojisini konuşalım.

Kaynaklar:

Pennycook, G., Cheyne, J. A., Barr, N., Koehler, D. J., & Fugelsang, J. A. (2015). On the reception and detection of pseudo-profound bullshit. Judgment and Decision making, 10(6), 549-563.

Deepak Chopra’nın tweet’i: https://twitter.com/deepakchopra/status/483188737162358785

Wisdom of Chora (Bullshit Generator): http://wisdomofchopra.com

The New Age Bullshit Generator: http://sebpearce.com/bullshit

Littrell, S., & Fugelsang, J. A. (2022). Bullshit blind spots: The roles of miscalibration and information processing in bullshit detection. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Shane-Littrell-2/publication/351918880_Bullshit_blind_spots_The_roles_of_miscalibration_and_information_processing_in_bullshit_detection/links/631ba11d70cc936cd3f635ee/Bullshit-blind-spots-The-roles-of-miscalibration-and-information-processing-in-bullshit-detection.pdf

Turpin, M. H., Kara-Yakoubian, M., Walker, A. C., Walker, H. E., Fugelsang, J. A., & Stolz, J. A. (2021). Bullshit ability as an honest signal of intelligence. Evolutionary Psychology, 19(2), 14747049211000317.

Nilsson, A., Erlandsson, A., & Västfjäll, D. (2019). The complex relation between receptivity to pseudo-profound bullshit and political ideology. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 45(10), 1440-1454.

Pfattheicher, S., & Schindler, S. (2016). Misperceiving bullshit as profound is associated with favorable views of Cruz, Rubio, Trump and conservatism. PloS one, 11(4), e0153419.

“Sahte anı” nedir? İnsanlar hiç yaşanmamış şeyleri yaşanmış gibi hatırlayabilir mi? Ve daha nicesi bu bölümde.

Kaynaklar:

“Travma unutulabilir mi?” tartışması hakkında: https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/forgotten-memories-of-traumatic-events-get-some-backing-from-brain-imaging-studies/

Loftus ve “me too” hareketi: https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2021/04/05/how-elizabeth-loftus-changed-the-meaning-of-memory

Loftus, E. F., & Pickrell, J. E. (1995). The formation of false memories. Psychiatric Annals, 25(12), 720-725. https://doi.org/10.3928/0048-5713-19951201-07

Loftus’un annesinin boğulma olayı: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WSLRD_qWB4Q
Loftus’un TED konuşması: https://www.ted.com/talks/elizabeth_loftus_how_reliable_is_your_memory/transcript?language=ps

Martin Tankleff olayı: https://www.nytimes.com/2018/04/20/nyregion/martin-tankleff-settlement.html

Murphy, G., Loftus, E. F., Grady, R. H., Levine, L. J., & Greene, C. M. (2019). False memories for fake news during Ireland’s abortion referendum. Psychological Science, 30(10), 1449-1459. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797619864887

Otgaar, H., Howe, M. L., Patihis, L., Merckelbach, H., Lynn, S. J., Lilienfeld, S. O., & Loftus, E. F. (2019). The return of the repressed: The persistent and problematic claims of long-forgotten trauma. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 14(6), 1072-1095. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691619862306

Shaw, J., & Porter, S. (2015). Constructing rich false memories of committing crime. Psychological Science, 26(3), 291-301. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797614562862

Bu bölümde Don't Look Up üzerinden komplo teorilerini konuşuyoruz. Toplumsal krizler, komplo teorilerini neden tetikliyor? Kriz durumlarında bize her söylenene inanacak mıyız, yoksa her türlü komplo teorisinin peşinden mi koşacağız?

Kaynaklar:

Adam-Troian, J., Chayinska, M., Paladino, M. P., Uluğ, Ö. M., Vaes, J., & Wagner-Egger, P. (2021, October 5). Of precarity and conspiracy: Introducing A socio-functional model of conspiracy beliefs. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/mnfrd

Alper, S. (2021, 20 Mayıs). There are higher levels of conspiracy beliefs in more corrupt countries. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/2umfe

Casara, B. G. S., Suitner, C., & Jetten, J. (2022). The impact of economic inequality on conspiracy beliefs. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 98, 104245. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2021.104245

Smith, B. (2021, 12 Aralık). A comedy nails the media apocalypse. https://www.nytimes.com/2021/12/12/business/media/dont-look-up-news-media.html

Van Prooijen, J. W., & Douglas, K. M. (2017). Conspiracy theories as part of history: The role of societal crisis situations. Memory Studies, 10(3), 323-333. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1750698017701615

Squid Game tüm dünyayı kasıp kavurdu. Peki dizide olan biten sosyal psikolojik açıdan nasıl yorumlanabilir? Onurcan Yılmaz ve Fatih Bayrak ile beraber ahlak, gruplaşma, düşünme biçimleri, kişilik, siyaset ve daha bir sürü yere gidiyoruz.

İnsanlar neden beleşçilik yapar? Beleşçiliği nasıl önleyebiliriz? Ya beleşçiliği engellemekle görevli kişiler yolsuzluğa karışırsa ne yapacağız? İnsanları yolsuzluğa ve rüşvete iten faktörler nelerdir? Bilimsel referanslarıyla beraber konuşuyoruz.


Kaynaklar:

Gächter, S., Renner, E., & Sefton, M. (2008). The long-run benefits of punishment. Science, 322(5907), 1510-1510. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1164744

Gächter, S., & Schulz, J. F. (2016). Intrinsic honesty and the prevalence of rule violations across societies. Nature, 531(7595), 496-499. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature17160

Henrich, J., & Muthukrishna, M. (2021). The origins and psychology of human cooperation. Annual Review of Psychology, 72, 207-240. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-081920-042106

Muthukrishna, M., Francois, P., Pourahmadi, S., & Henrich, J. (2017). Corrupting cooperation and how anti-corruption strategies may backfire. Nature Human Behaviour, 1(7), 1-5. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-017-0138

Schulz, J. F., Bahrami-Rad, D., Beauchamp, J. P., & Henrich, J. (2019). The Church, intensive kinship, and global psychological variation. Science, 366(6466). https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aau5141