#544: Genetic Variants and Response to Nutrients – Martin Kohlmeier, MD PhD

In the realm of nutrition science, individual differences are more profound and impactful than many realize. For decades, we’ve developed dietary recommendations with a “one-size-fits-all” approach, assuming that most people respond similarly to specific nutrients. But Dr. Martin Kohlmeier, a pioneer in precision nutrition, challenges this very notion.

How might an individual’s genetic makeup alter their need for certain nutrients?

With advances in nutrigenetics, we’re beginning to see how personalized nutrition could bridge long-standing gaps in dietary efficacy. Dr. Kohlmeier’s work highlights fascinating examples, from the APOE4 gene’s influence on cholesterol metabolism to variations in folate metabolism that could affect everything from heart health to birth outcomes.

As Dr. Kohlmeier explains, precision nutrition is not simply about adding genetic testing to a wellness regimen. Instead, it requires rethinking nutrition research from the ground up—ensuring studies capture these individual variations and that public health policy moves beyond broad averages.

With genetic testing now more accessible than ever, could commercial pressures and oversimplified testing derail the science before it even gets going? In this episode, we dive deep into the potential and pitfalls of precision nutrition, exploring the future of personalized dietary advice and the road to truly individualized health.

Timestamps

• [02:33] Introduction of Dr. Martin Kohlmeier and his background
• [05:10] Rethinking assumptions in nutrition science
• [07:42] The role of genetic variations in nutrient responses
• [13:15] Practical examples of genetic impact on nutrition
• [22:55] Misinformation and commercial misuse in nutrigenetics
• [29:48] Case studies: cholesterol sensitivity (APOE4) and folate metabolism (MTHFR)
• [41:03] Public health implications and the need for tailored research
• [49:27] Future directions and the path forward for precision nutrition

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• Kohlmeier, 2023 – One size does not fit all: on the need for categorical stratification in nutrition science, practice and policy