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  1. 22 HR. AGO

    第2553期:Buddhist Women in Nepal Practice Kung Fu for Self-Defense

    Buddhist nuns in Nepal are once again performing martial arts for the public after a five-year break caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.  尼泊尔的佛教尼姑在因新冠肺炎 (COVID-19) 大流行而中断五年后，再次为公众表演武术。  The women recently put on a show for onlookers at their religious community, called a monastery, outside the capital Kathmandu. The performance was attended by reporters from Reuters news agency.  这些妇女最近在首都加德满都郊外的一个名为修道院的宗教社区为旁观者举办了一场表演。路透社记者出席了演出。  Members of the hilltop Druk Amitabha Monastery are part of the 1,000-year-old Drukpa religious organization. The group gives nuns equal status to male community members called monks.  山顶天竹阿弥陀佛寺的成员是拥有 1000 年历史的竹巴宗教组织的一部分。该组织给予修女与被称为僧侣的男性社区成员同等的地位。  The Drukpa lineage includes the only female order in the male-led Buddhist monastery system. The nun community was established in 2009 and now has 300 members between the ages of six and 54.  竹巴传承是男性主导的佛教寺院系统中唯一的女性僧团。该修女社团成立于2009年，现有300名成员，年龄在6岁至54岁之间。 The nuns come from Bhutan, India and Nepal. They are all trained in kung fu, the ancient Chinese style martial art that promotes self-defense and strength.  修女们来自不丹、印度和尼泊尔。他们都接受过功夫训练，这是一种增强自卫能力和力量的中国古代武术。  In their recent performance, the nuns were seen moving their hands quickly and kicking their legs high, with some holding swords. Hundreds of people gathered to watch the performance and cheered the group on.  在最近的表演中，可以看到修女们双手快速移动，双腿高高踢起，有的还拿着剑。数百人聚集在一起观看表演并为团体加油。  Usually, such religious organizations expect nuns to cook and clean and not practice any form of martial arts. But one monk, Gyalwang Drukpa, decided to train women in kung fu to improve their health and spiritual well-being. He has a position just slightly below the Dalai Lama in the Tibetan Buddhist leadership.  通常，此类宗教组织希望尼姑做饭和打扫卫生，而不是练习任何形式的武术。但一位名叫嘉旺竹巴 (Gyalwang Drukpa) 的僧侣决定对女性进行功夫训练，以改善她们的健康和精神福祉。他在藏传佛教领导层中的地位略低于达赖喇嘛。 Jigme Jangchub Chosdon is a 23-year-old nun who came from Ladakh in India. She told Reuters, “We do kung fu to keep ourselves mentally and physically fit, and our aim is to promote women's empowerment and gender equality."  Jigme Jangchub Chosdon 是一位来自印度拉达克的 23 岁修女。她告诉路透社，“我们练习功夫是为了保持身心健康，我们的目标是促进女性赋权和性别平等。 ”Another performer was 24-year-old Jigme Yangchen Gamo, a nun from Ramechhap in Nepal. She said, "With the confidence from kung fu, I really want to help the community, young girls to build their own strength."  另一位表演者是24岁的吉美央钦嘎莫(Jigme Yangchen Gamo)，她是来自尼泊尔拉梅恰普的尼姑。她说：“凭借功夫带来的自信，我很想帮助社会、年轻女孩们增强自己的力量。”  The nuns’ website explains that the combination of gender equality, physical strength and respect for all living things represents the order's return to its "true spiritual roots."  修女们的网站解释说，性别平等、体力和对所有生物的尊重相结合，代表着该修道会回归其“真正的精神根源”。 In the past, the nuns have traveled long distances on foot and by bike in the Himalayas to raise money for disaster relief and to promote environment-friendly living.  过去，尼姑们徒步和骑自行车长途跋涉穿越喜马拉雅山，为救灾筹集资金并倡导环保生活。 Another member of the group is Jigme Konchok Lhamo, a 30-year-old nun from India. She said her main goal for the future is to reach enlightenment like Lord Buddha, who founded Buddhism 2,600 years ago.  该组织的另一名成员是来自印度的 30 岁尼姑晋美·康却·拉姆 (Jigme Konchok Lhamo)。她说，她未来的主要目标是像2600年前创立佛教的佛陀一样获得开悟。 She added, "But for now as I am a normal person... I think I will be focusing more on helping others. Helping others is our religion."  她补充道，“但现在我是一个正常人……我想我会更多地关注帮助别人。帮助别人是我们的宗教。”

    4 min

  2. 1 DAY AGO

    第2552期:People in China Swim in Freezing River for Health

    Even as temperatures kept dropping in China’s northeastern “ice city” of Harbin, excitement rose among a group of swimmers who enjoy jumping into freezing waters.  尽管中国东北“冰城”哈尔滨的气温持续下降，一群喜欢跳入冰冷水域的游泳者却兴奋不已。  The daily event, known as ice swimming, is a winter tradition in Harbin. Swimmers train daily throughout the year to get their bodies ready for the unusual swim. Reporters from The Associated Press recently visited the city and spoke with some of the swimmers.  这项每日活动被称为冰泳，是哈尔滨的冬季传统活动。游泳运动员全年每天都进行训练，让身体为不同寻常的游泳做好准备。美联社记者最近访问了这座城市并与一些游泳运动员进行了交谈。  To create a pool in the Songhua River, the swimmers first had to break a 10-centimeter thick cover of ice. Then they removed the ice pieces, took off all clothes except bathing suits and prepared to enter. One by one, they jumped into a freezing, 10-meter-long pool.  为了在松花江上建造一个水池，游泳者首先必须打破10厘米厚的冰层。然后他们把冰块拿掉，脱掉除泳衣外的所有衣服，准备进去。他们一一跳进了十米长的冰冷水池中。 Some of the swimmers reported that their legs and arms quickly went numb after entering the water. The outside temperature was about minus 13 degrees Celsius and the water temperature remained near freezing.  一些游泳者反映，入水后他们的腿和手臂很快就麻木了。室外温度约为-13摄氏度，水温保持在冰点附近。  One of the swimmers was Chen Xia. She came from Zhejiang province about 1,700 kilometers further south. She decided to jump into the river even though she had a cold. Chen said the winter waters where she lives are warmer than those in Harbin.  其中一名游泳运动员是陈霞。她来自更南约1700公里的浙江省。尽管感冒了，她还是决定跳进河里。陈女士说，她居住的冬天水域比哈尔滨温暖。  She said the experience strengthened her confidence in winter swimming. She has been taking part in the activity for about 20 years.  她说，这次经历增强了她对冬泳的信心。她参加这项活动已有约20年了。 The 56-year-old Chen said the freezing waters made her skin feel like small pins were attacking her body. But, she added that the experience still brought her happiness. “I felt prickling all over my body. But it still made me feel blissful,” she said.  56岁的陈女士说，冰冷的海水让她的皮肤感觉就像小针在攻击她的身体。但她补充说，这段经历仍然给她带来了快乐。“我感觉全身都在刺痛。但它仍然让我感到幸福，”她说。 Yu Xiaofeng lives in Harbin, a city that sits near the border with Russia. The 61-year-old said winter swimming in the city dates back to the 1970s. At that time, locals saw Russian Orthodox religious believers being baptized in the river. Later in 1983, an official winter swimming group was established in Harbin.  于晓峰住在靠近俄罗斯边境的哈尔滨市。这位 61 岁的老人说，这座城市的冬泳历史可以追溯到 20 世纪 70 年代。当时，当地人看到俄罗斯东正教信徒在河里接受洗礼。1983年晚些时候，哈尔滨正式成立了冬泳团体。 The city also holds an ongoing winter celebration known for its huge, detailed ice and snow sculptures.  该市还持续举办冬季庆祝活动，以其巨大而细致的冰雪雕塑而闻名。 Winter swimming is considered a sport in China. But it gained popularity much faster in Harbin than in other parts of the country. Today, Yu said the city is considered a “holy land” for winter swimming.  冬泳在中国被认为是一项运动。但它在哈尔滨的普及速度比全国其他地区要快得多。如今，于说，这座城市被认为是冬泳的“圣地”。  Yu said the winter swimmers appear to have better health than others. She added that she has felt a great sense of family and joy in the community during her 30 years of winter swimming.  于说，冬泳运动员的健康状况似乎比其他人要好。她补充说，在30年的冬泳生涯中，她感受到了巨大的家庭感和社区的快乐。 While the AP reporters did not quote medical experts for this story, some of the swimmers said they believe ice swimming is good for their health. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the group even came up with a new saying to describe the experience. They would rather “suffer through winter swimming than line up at the hospital,” Yu said. 虽然美联社记者没有引用医学专家的话，但一些游泳者表示，他们相信冰泳对健康有益。在新冠肺炎疫情期间，该组织甚至想出了一句新话来描述这种体验。他们宁愿“忍受冬泳的痛苦，也不愿在医院排队”，余说。 You Decang is a 76-year-old winter swimmer who said he believes the activity helps keep him healthy. He noted that he has never caught a cold. You added, “If I go just one day without winter swimming, I feel quite uncomfortable.”  尤德仓是一位 76 岁的冬泳运动员，他说他相信这项活动有助于保持健康。他指出，他从未感冒过。你补充道，“如果有一天不去冬泳，我就会感觉很不舒服。”

    5 min

  3. 2 DAYS AGO

    第2551期:Greenland Holds Important Position in a Warming World

    Greenland is the world’s largest island and a self-governed territory of Denmark. About 57,000 people live there, mainly along its coasts. Most of Greenland lies north of the Arctic Circle, under thick sheets of ice.  格陵兰岛是世界上最大的岛屿，也是丹麦的自治领土。大约有 57,000 人居住在那里，主要居住在沿海地区。格陵兰岛的大部分地区位于北极圈以北，覆盖着厚厚的冰层。  The island plays a large part in the weather experienced by billions of people every day and in climate changes around the planet, experts say.  专家表示，该岛在数十亿人每天经历的天气以及全球气候变化中发挥着重要作用。 American President-elect Donald Trump is expressing interest in buying Greenland from Denmark. He said something similar during his first term in office as well. The United States has a large military base on the island.  美国当选总统唐纳德·特朗普表示有兴趣从丹麦购买格陵兰岛。他在第一个任期内也说过类似的话。美国在岛上拥有大型军事基地。 Geologists say Greenland has huge amounts of oil and natural gas below the ice and valuable elements known as rare earth minerals. Rare earth minerals are needed in communication technologies, including phones.  地质学家表示，格陵兰岛冰层下蕴藏着大量石油和天然气，以及被称为稀土矿物的宝贵元素。通信技术（包括电话）需要稀土矿物。  Most of these resources are trapped under Greenland’s ice. However, warming temperatures in recent years have increased melting on the island. As more ice melts, some of these resources may become easier to reach.  这些资源大部分都被困在格陵兰岛的冰层下。然而，近年来气温升高加剧了岛上的融化。随着更多的冰融化，其中一些资源可能会变得更容易获取。  Geoff Dabelko is a security and environment professor at Ohio University. He thinks other countries are becoming interested in Greenland because China is currently the supplier of more than half of the world’s rare Earth minerals.  杰夫·达贝尔科 (Geoff Dabelko) 是俄亥俄大学安全与环境教授。他认为其他国家对格陵兰岛越来越感兴趣，因为中国目前是世界一半以上稀土矿物的供应国。 From 1992 to 2020, Greenland lost an average of 169 billion metric tons of ice each year, with losses reaching 444 billion metric tons in 2019.  从1992年到2020年，格陵兰岛平均每年损失1690亿吨冰，2019年损失达到4440亿吨。  Mark Serreze is director of the National Snow and Ice Data Center in Boulder, Colorado. He told The Associated Press that melting from Greenland will be a central issue through the 21st century. That is because melting ice adds to rising sea levels. Serreze noted that the amount of melting will likely increase in the future.  马克·塞雷兹 (Mark Serreze) 是科罗拉多州博尔德国家冰雪数据中心的主任。他告诉美联社，格陵兰岛融化将成为整个 21 世纪的一个中心问题。这是因为冰融化会导致海平面上升。Serreze 指出，未来融化量可能会增加。 Greenland also serves as the engine for an important ocean current that influences Earth's climate in many ways, including storm activity. The current is called the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation, or AMOC. The current is slowing down because more fresh water from Greenland’s melting ice is entering the ocean, Serreze said.  格陵兰岛也是重要洋流的引擎，洋流以多种方式影响地球气候，包括风暴活动。该洋流被称为大西洋经向翻转环流（AMOC）。塞雷兹说，由于格陵兰岛融化的冰越来越多的淡水进入海洋，洋流正在减慢。  A shutdown of the current could lead to long-term freezes in Europe and parts of North America.  电流的关闭可能会导致欧洲和北美部分地区长期冻结。  “If this global current system were to slow substantially or even collapse . . .as we know it has done in the past — normal temperature and precipitation patterns around the globe would change drastically,” said climate scientist Jennifer Francis of the Woodwell Climate Research Center, a non-profit based in the American state of Massachusetts.  “如果当前的全球体系大幅放缓甚至崩溃。。“正如我们所知，过去的情况是——全球的正常气温和降水模式将发生巨大变化，”美国马萨诸塞州非营利组织伍德韦尔气候研究中心的气候科学家詹妮弗·弗朗西斯说。  She added that the changes would have very damaging effects on farming and ecosystems.  她补充说，这些变化将对农业和生态系统产生非常破坏性的影响。 As more ice melts, Greenland is also changing color from the white of ice to the blue and green of water and land. These darker colors hold more heat from the sun and can increase the speed of warming.  随着更多的冰融化，格陵兰岛的颜色也从冰的白色变为水和陆地的蓝色和绿色。这些较深的颜色会吸收更多来自太阳的热量，并会加快变暖的速度。  Greenland lies in between northern Canada, northern Europe, and Russia. That area may become more valuable to countries if melting in the Arctic Ocean continues to increase and more ships pass through the area.  格陵兰岛位于加拿大北部、北欧和俄罗斯之间。如果北冰洋的融化继续增加并且更多的船只经过该地区，该地区可能对各国变得更有价值。

    5 min

  4. 3 DAYS AGO

    第2550期:Danish-Swedish Farmdog Is American Club’s Newest Breed

    The American Kennel Club, or AKC, has named another kind of dog to its registry.  美国养犬俱乐部（AKC）已将另一种狗列入其登记册。  Say hello to the Danish-Swedish farmdog. Or maybe say "hej," the word for hello in Swedish and Danish.  向丹麦瑞典混血农场狗问好。或者可以说“hej”，瑞典语和丹麦语中的“你好”。  AKC officials announced the addition to its list on January 2. The recognition means the breed now may compete for many best in show prizes. It also will probably create wider interest in the small, lively dogs. Fans of the breed are happy for the honor, but some also worry about the effect increased attention will have on the dog.  AKC 官员于 1 月 2 日宣布将其添加到名单中。这一认可意味着该品种现在可以争夺许多最佳的比赛奖项。它还可能会引起人们对活泼的小型犬的更广泛的兴趣。该品种的粉丝们为这一荣誉感到高兴，但有些人也担心增加关注会对狗产生影响。 Carey Segebart is one of the people who worked to get Danish-Swedish farmdogs recognized by the AKC. "We're excited about it. We're looking forward to it," she said. She plans to show one of her own at a dog show this month near her home in the American state of Iowa.  Carey Segebart 是致力于让丹麦-瑞典农场犬获得 AKC 认可的人之一。“我们对此感到兴奋。我们很期待，”她说。她计划本月在美国爱荷华州她家附近的一场狗展上展示自己的一只狗。  Still, she thinks more attention can have both good and bad results for the breed. "We don't want the breed to just explode too quickly," she said.  尽管如此，她认为更多的关注对这个品种来说既有好也有坏的结果。“我们不希望这个品种爆发得太快，”她说。  The Danish-Swedish Farmdog Club of America says the breed, DSF for short, goes back centuries in parts of what are now Denmark, southern Sweden and some other European countries.  美国丹麦瑞典农场狗俱乐部表示，这个品种（简称DSF）可以追溯到几个世纪前，生活在现在的丹麦、瑞典南部和其他一些欧洲国家的部分地区。" They're interesting, fun little dogs," said Segebart, who has owned them since 2011 and is the club's incoming president. She said they will try anything and “succeed at most everything."  “它们是有趣、有趣的小狗，”Segebart 说，他自 2011 年以来一直拥有它们，也是俱乐部即将上任的主席。她说他们会尝试任何事情，并且“几乎一切都会成功”。  In their homelands, the dogs' main job was to control small animals called rodents. However, they also can herd, act as watchdogs and be playful with children. The club says some Danish-Swedish farmdogs have even performed in circuses.  在它们的家乡，狗的主要工作是控制称为啮齿动物的小动物。然而，它们也可以放牧、充当看门狗并与孩子们玩耍。该俱乐部表示，一些丹麦瑞典混血的农场狗甚至曾在马戏团表演。  After Denmark and Sweden became more developed in the 20th century, DSF fans decided to make the breed official in both nations. Kennel clubs there began registering the breed in 1987.  20 世纪丹麦和瑞典变得更加发达后，DSF 爱好者决定在这两个国家正式认定该品种。那里的养犬俱乐部于 1987 年开始注册该品种。  In the United States, many of the about 350 Danish-Swedish farmdogs nationwide already compete in agility, obedience or other sports that are open to all dogs, including mixed breeds.  在美国，全国约 350 只丹麦瑞典混血农场犬中的许多已经参加了敏捷性、服从性或其他对所有狗（包括混种狗）开放的运动项目。  Until now, the dogs could not enter the traditional breed-by-breed judging that leads to best in show prizes at major dog shows. They may appear later this year at two major televised events, the National Dog Show and the AKC National Championship.  到目前为止，这些狗还无法进入传统的逐品种评审，从而在大型犬展上获得最佳表演奖。它们可能会在今年晚些时候出现在两项主要的电视赛事中：全国犬展和 AKC 全国锦标赛。  The Danish-Swedish farmdog is the AKC's 202nd breed and "a wonderful addition to a family that is able to provide it with the exercise and mental stimulation that it needs," said the AKC’s Gina DiNardo.  丹麦-瑞典农场犬是 AKC 的第 202 个品种，AKC 的吉娜·迪纳尔多 (Gina DiNardo) 表示，“它是家庭的绝妙补充，能够为它提供所需的运动和精神刺激”。 Danish-Swedish farmdog lovers talked for several years about whether they should try to get AKC recognition and the attention that is likely to come with it, Segebart said. The number of people wanting to buy a young farmdog, or puppy, has grown quickly over the last ten years. The wait for a DSF puppy is usually a year or more, she said.  Segebart 说，丹麦和瑞典的农场狗爱好者多年来一直在讨论他们是否应该尝试获得 AKC 的认可以及可能随之而来的关注。过去十年里，想要购买年轻农场狗或小狗的人数迅速增加。她说，等待 DSF 小狗的时间通常是一年或更长时间。  Fans of the breed worry that its appealing, relatively easy-care nature could make it quickly become too popular for its own good. They are not the first to worry. Similar concerns surround the French bulldog, which the AKC now says is the most popular breed in the country. Breeding for desired qualities has led to many health problems for the dogs.  该品种的粉丝担心，它的吸引力和相对容易照顾的性质可能会使其很快变得太受欢迎，而不利于其自身的利益。他们并不是第一个担心的人。类似的担忧也围绕着法国斗牛犬，AKC 现在表示法国斗牛犬是该国最受欢迎的品种。为了获得所需的品质而进行的繁殖导致了狗的许多健康问题。

    5 min

  5. 4 DAYS AGO

    第2549期:NASA Says Spacecraft Made Closest-Ever Pass to Sun(2)

    Fox added that such studies can provide valuable information “about the workings of stars across the universe to aid in our search for habitable worlds beyond our home planet.”  福克斯补充说，此类研究可以提供“有关整个宇宙恒星运作的宝贵信息，以帮助我们寻找我们家乡星球之外的宜居世界”。 NASA’s statement noted the agency’s earlier preparation and operations were all leading up to the latest mission. To help it get into the right position, the Parker Solar Probe received assistance from several flybys of the planet Venus. The last flyby happened on November 6, 2024.  美国宇航局的声明指出，该机构早期的准备和运作都是为了最新的任务。为了帮助它进入正确的位置，帕克太阳探测器多次飞越金星并获得了帮助。最后一次飞越发生在 2024 年 11 月 6 日。  These gravitational assists had put the spacecraft “an ideal distance” from the sun every three months, NASA explained. This distance was “close enough to study our sun’s mysterious processes,” but not “to become overwhelmed by the sun’s heat and damaging radiation.”  美国宇航局解释说，这些引力辅助使航天器每三个月就与太阳保持“理想距离”。这个距离“足够近，足以研究太阳的神秘过程”，但又不会“被太阳的热量和破坏性辐射淹没”。  Developers of the spacecraft say it was built with a shield made with carbon material to protect it from the extreme heat released by the sun’s corona. The shield was designed to survive temperatures reaching 1,400 degrees Celsius. NASA says the data-gathering instruments are placed behind the shield.  该航天器的开发人员表示，它是用碳材料制成的防护罩建造的，以保护其免受太阳日冕释放的极端热量的影响。该防护罩设计可承受 1,400 摄氏度的高温。美国宇航局表示，数据收集仪器位于防护罩后面。  Nour Rawafi is the project scientist for Parker Solar Probe at NASA’s Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory in Maryland. His team designed, built, and operates the spacecraft. He said Parker had performed as planned although it operates in “one of the most extreme environments in space.”  努尔·拉瓦菲 (Nour Rawafi) 是美国宇航局马里兰州约翰·霍普金斯应用物理实验室帕克太阳探测器的项目科学家。他的团队设计、建造和操作航天器。他表示，尽管帕克在“太空中最极端的环境之一”中运行，但它的表现仍按计划进行。 Rawafi added that the mission had brought “a new golden era of space exploration, bringing us closer than ever to unlocking the sun’s deepest and most enduring mysteries.”  拉瓦菲补充说，这次任务带来了“太空探索的新黄金时代，使我们比以往任何时候都更接近解开太阳最深、最持久的奥秘。”  Dr. Joseph Westlake is director of NASA’s Heliophysics Division, the part of the agency that studies the sun. Westlake noted that his team is preparing for more flybys in the future and hopes to capture more valuable data. Already, flybys of Venus have gathered information about the natural radio waves coming from Venus.  约瑟夫·韦斯特莱克 (Joseph Westlake) 博士是美国宇航局太阳物理学部的主任，该部门负责研究太阳。韦斯特莱克指出，他的团队正在为未来更多的飞越做准备，并希望捕获更多有价值的数据。飞越金星已经收集了有关来自金星的天然无线电波的信息。  In 2023, scientists announced they had learned new information about solar wind from data collected by Parker. Data showed that solar wind can reach speeds up to 1.6 million kilometers per hour. Solar wind forms a large magnetic barrier known as the heliosphere. It protects Earth and other planets from the continuous flow of high-energy particles from the sun’s corona. 2023年，科学家宣布他们从帕克收集的数据中了解了有关太阳风的新信息。数据显示，太阳风的速度可达每小时160万公里。太阳风形成一个巨大的磁屏障，称为日光层。它保护地球和其他行星免受太阳日冕持续不断的高能粒子流的影响。

    4 min

  6. 5 DAYS AGO

    第2548期:NASA Says Spacecraft Made Closest-Ever Pass to Sun(1)

    NASA says a spacecraft that has been examining the sun’s outermost atmosphere recently got closer to our Earth’s star than any past explorer has.  美国宇航局表示，一艘一直在检查太阳最外层大气层的航天器最近比任何过去的探测器都更接近我们的地球恒星。  The American space agency announced its Parker Solar Probe passed within 6.1 million kilometers of the sun’s outer corona on December 24. Mission leaders established communication with the spacecraft after the operation and said the orbiter was safe. 美国航天局宣布帕克太阳探测器于12月24日通过距太阳外日冕610万公里以内的区域。任务负责人在操作后与航天器建立了联系，并表示轨道飞行器是安全的。  NASA launched the Parker Solar Probe in August 2018. Its mission is to study the sun’s powerful corona and solar wind. Solar wind is created by a continuous flow of charged particles, called plasma, into space from the corona.  NASA于2018年8月发射了帕克太阳探测器，其任务是研究太阳强大的日冕和太阳风。太阳风是由带电粒子（称为等离子体）从日冕持续流入太空而产生的。  In 2021, NASA announced the orbiter had passed into the solar atmosphere for the first time. Researchers said at the time, the spacecraft had successfully “touched” the sun. Parker was believed to be about 13 million kilometers from the center of the sun when it crossed over into the sun’s outer atmosphere.  2021年，美国宇航局宣布轨道飞行器首次进入太阳大气层。研究人员当时表示，飞船已经成功“接触”太阳。当帕克进入太阳外层大气层时，据信距离太阳中心约 1300 万公里。 In a statement, NASA’s Associate Administrator Nicky Fox praised the spacecraft’s latest pass-by of the sun. “Flying this close to the sun is a historic moment in humanity’s first mission to a star,” she said. Fox leads the agency’s Science Mission Directorate at NASA Headquarters in Washington, D.C.  美国宇航局副局长尼基·福克斯在一份声明中赞扬了航天器最近一次经过太阳。“飞得如此接近太阳是人类首次恒星任务的历史性时刻，”她说。福克斯领导位于华盛顿特区的美国宇航局总部的科学任务理事会。  The Parker Solar Probe is believed to have traveled at speeds up to 692,000 kilometers per hour during the mission. NASA said this was “faster than any human-made object has ever moved.”  据信帕克太阳探测器在任务期间以高达每小时 692,000 公里的速度行驶。美国宇航局表示，这“比任何人造物体移动的速度都要快”。  Fox said she hopes data collected by the spacecraft can help scientists better understand how the sun behaves and influences other elements in our solar system and beyond. “By studying the sun up-close, we can better understand its impacts throughout our solar system, including on the technology we use daily on Earth and in space.”  福克斯表示，她希望航天器收集的数据能够帮助科学家更好地了解太阳的行为以及对太阳系及其他地区其他元素的影响。“通过近距离研究太阳，我们可以更好地了解它对整个太阳系的影响，包括对我们日常在地球和太空中使用的技术的影响。”

    3 min

  7. 6 DAYS AGO

    第2547期:Advice on Successfully Keeping New Year’s Promises(2)

    In a group of more than 1,000 people, scientists found the most popular resolutions involved exercise, weight loss and eating habits. Other resolutions had to do with self-improvement, personal finance, and ways to take care of mental health and to reduce stress.  在 1000 多人的小组中，科学家发现最受欢迎的决心涉及锻炼、减肥和饮食习惯。其他决议与自我完善、个人理财以及照顾心理健康和减轻压力的方法有关。  Among the 55 percent of people who said they had kept their resolutions after one year, nearly 60 percent of them had made resolutions involving goals. This is compared with 47 percent who chose to avoid behaviors.  55%的人表示一年后仍坚持自己的决心，其中近60%的人制定了涉及目标的决心。相比之下，选择避免行为的人为 47%。  Involve other people Involving others in your efforts might also help. Other people can offer support and hold you accountable. When we are held accountable, we are responsible for our actions. 让其他人参与进来 让其他人参与你的努力也可能会有所帮助。其他人可以提供支持并让你承担责任。当我们被追究责任时，我们就要对自己的行为负责。  Someone who decides to start exercising more, for example, might join a running group or sign up for a gym class with friends. This can also make exercising more fun.  例如，决定开始更多锻炼的人可能会加入跑步团体或与朋友一起报名参加体育课程。这也可以让锻炼变得更加有趣。 Experts also suggest using planners to help you keep your resolutions. For example, you can plan your activities for a specific period every morning or evening.  专家还建议使用规划器来帮助您保持决心。例如，您可以计划每天早上或晚上的特定时间段的活动。  Use reminders and timers on your smartphone. And use group texts for group activities.  使用智能手机上的提醒和计时器。并使用小组文本进行小组活动。 Be kind to yourself Changing our behavior is difficult, so do not expect perfection. There will be times when it feels impossible to keep your resolution, and you will want to give up.  善待自己 改变我们的行为很困难，所以不要期望完美。有时候，你会觉得不可能坚持你的决心，你会想放弃。  “A great resolution might be, ‘I will be less judgmental with myself,’” said Tamara Russell of the British Psychological Society. “Research shows that the more we develop self-compassion, the more compassionate we can become towards others.”  英国心理学会的塔玛拉·拉塞尔说：“一个伟大的决心可能是‘我不再对自己做出评判’。” “研究表明，我们越发展自我同情心，我们对他人就越有同情心。 ”Review and make changes To better keep resolutions, Russell suggests reviewing each week. Ask yourself: what has worked? What has not?  检查并做出更改 为了更好地保持决心，拉塞尔建议每周回顾一次。问问自己：什么有效？什么还没有？  She said, “Study your own behavior like a scientist.” Russell added that we should not be afraid to change our resolutions.  她说：“像科学家一样研究你自己的行为。” 拉塞尔补充说，我们不应该害怕改变我们的决议。 Choose the right time The last piece of advice might be the most important.  选择合适的时间 最后一条建议可能是最重要的。  If January 1 feels like a bad time to create a new resolution, make the changes when it makes sense for you.  如果 1 月 1 日感觉不是制定新决议的最佳时机，请在对您有意义的时候进行更改。  Russell said it makes “no sense at all” to make resolutions connected to the calendar year. Winter is usually a time of rest for much of the natural world.  拉塞尔表示，制定与日历年相关的决议“根本没有意义”。冬季通常是自然界大部分地区的休息时间。  She said that spring is the season of growth and renewal. So, depending on your life’s situation, spring might be a better time for most people to make changes.  她说，春天是万物生长、万物复苏的季节。因此，根据您的生活情况，春天对于大多数人来说可能是做出改变的更好时机。

    4 min

  8. JAN 21

    第2546期:Advice on Successfully Keeping New Year’s Promises(1)

    As the new year begins, some people see an opportunity for change and improvement.  随着新的一年的开始，一些人看到了改变和改进的机会。  Experts say January can be a good time to think about self-improvement. Many people make resolutions. But these promises we make to ourselves require effort to become part of our daily lives. They are meant to last a long time.  专家表示，一月可能是思考自我提升的好时机。许多人都做出了决定。但我们对自己做出的这些承诺需要努力才能成为我们日常生活的一部分。它们应该能够持续很长时间。  Studies have shown that up to 70 percent of people who make New Year’s resolutions quit their plans within months.  研究表明，高达 70% 的人在制定新年计划后几个月内就放弃了他们的计划。 Recently, experts gave advice on keeping New Year's resolutions to the Associated Press.  近日，专家们向美联社提出了保留新年决心的建议。 It is difficult to make big changes. Behavioral health experts suggest breaking big goals into smaller targets. For example, if your goal is to improve your health, you could start with small changes. For some meals, you could trade unhealthy foods for heathy ones, or you could exercise for 10 minutes each day.  做出大的改变是很困难的。行为健康专家建议将大目标分解为小目标。例如，如果您的目标是改善健康，您可以从小的改变开始。对于某些膳食，您可以将不健康的食物换成健康的食物，或者每天锻炼 10 分钟。  Once you start reaching smaller goals, the bigger one might not seem so daunting.  一旦你开始实现较小的目标，较大的目标可能看起来就不那么令人畏惧了。 Psychologist Lynn Bufka suggests being realistic about resolutions. She is with the American Psychological Association based in Washington, D.C.  心理学家林恩·布夫卡（Lynn Bufka）建议，对于决心要现实一些。她是位于华盛顿特区的美国心理学协会的成员。  “It’s quite daunting to say that you want to lose 50 pounds and thus, will never eat dessert again,” she said. “It might be more helpful to say, you’re only going to have dessert on the weekends and for special occasions.”  “说你想减掉 50 磅，然后再也不吃甜点是相当令人畏惧的，”她说。“这样说可能更有帮助，你只会在周末和特殊场合吃甜点。” Think about what your resolution is helping you to achieve. Do not think about what you are giving up. This can be a powerful way to change your mindset.  想想你的决心可以帮助你实现什么目标。不要去想你要放弃什么。这可能是改变你的心态的有效方法。  Bufka said that thinking positively about your end goal and the benefits of your changed behavior can increase your motivation, or drive to succeed.  布夫卡说，积极思考你的最终目标和改变行为的好处可以增加你的动力，或推动成功。  Bufka gave this example. “If I put money in a jar for what I would have spent on chocolate every day, that starts to add up,” she explained.  布夫卡举了这个例子。“如果我把每天花在巧克力上的钱放进一个罐子里，那钱就会开始增加，”她解释道。  A study of New Year’s resolutions published in 2020 found that people who pay attention to specific goals are more successful than those simply trying to give up bad habits.  一项针对 2020 年新年决心的研究发现，关注具体目标的人比那些仅仅试图戒掉坏习惯的人更成功。

    3 min
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