Undersea Cables: A Silent Threat to Global Connectivity

NEXUS International Broadcasting Association NEXUS International Broadcasting Association Beyond Global Waves

The vulnerability of undersea cables as critical internet infrastructure is a growing concern, with recent events highlighting their susceptibility to both accidental damage and deliberate acts of cyber warfare and hybrid warfare. The Latvia State Radio and Television Centre (LVRTC) experienced a disruption to its data transmission on 26th January 2025 in the Baltic Sea, demonstrating the fragility of these vital communication networks. Further adding to the geopolitical risk, the Russian vessel Yantar was observed near critical infrastructure in the Irish Sea in late 2024. This incident underscores the potential for targeted attacks on digital infrastructure, making telecommunications security a priority. These events highlight the need for robust critical infrastructure protection measures and a thorough vulnerability assessment.

Alternatives like satellite internet, such as Starlink, are not a complete solution due to bandwidth limitations and their own vulnerabilities to electronic warfare. GPS jamming and GPS spoofing are increasingly employed tactics, as demonstrated during the 2017 Zapad exercises when Latvia experienced disruptions, and aircraft over Norway lost GPS signals, underlining the need for network resilience. The need for international cooperation, increased defence spending, and enhanced maritime security in areas like the Baltic Sea and Irish Sea is critical. Addressing hybrid threats and bolstering information security are essential to safeguarding these vital connections and maintaining global stability. NATO, Russia, Latvia, and Ireland are all key players in this complex landscape.

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