22 August 2019: Combating online hate speech, and identifying early fossils Nature Podcast

This week, the resilience of internet hate groups, and searching for early life.
In this episode:
00:46 Tackling internet hate
Researchers have been modelling how hate groups interact online, and have come up with suggestions to combat this activity. 
Research article: Johnson et al.; News and Views: Strategies for combating online hate
08:55 Research Highlights
Gallstone growth, and the reproductive strategies of hitchhiking stick insects. 
Research Highlight: The ‘net’ that leads to excruciating stones in the belly; Research Highlight: The insect that lost its homeland — and its sex life
11:23 Hunting for early life
Finding fossil evidence of Earth’s earliest life is fraught with difficulty. 
Research Article: Javaux
18:43 News Chat
Chemists create a ring made only of carbon atoms, and inoculating newborns with their mothers’ microbes. 
News: Chemists make first-ever ring of pure carbon; News: Do C-section babies need mum’s microbes? Trials tackle controversial idea

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