A global level study by the Food and Agricultural Organisation of the United Nations says that one third of food, roughly 1.3 billion tonnes, is wasted every year.联合国粮食及农业组织（FAO）的一项全球性研究显示，全球约有三分之一的食物——大约13亿吨——每年被浪费掉。 Yes, but it's also estimated that about 815 million people in the world are suffering from chronic undernourishment.是的，但据估计，全球约有8.15亿人长期营养不良。 Yes, we're looking at organisations who are addressing the difference.是的，我们来看看那些试图弥合这种差距的组织。 Yes. Now, let's start in India where almost 190 million people go to sleep every day hungry. Now, you know India very well, Richard.好的。我们先从印度说起，那里的大约1.9亿人每天都带着饥饿入睡。理查德，你对印度很熟悉吧。 There's a huge difference, isn't there, between the haves and the have-nots?在印度，富人和穷人之间的差距非常大，不是吗？ Yes, there is indeed. And back in 2014, an initiative called No Food Waste was started.确实如此。早在2014年，一个名为“No Food Waste（不浪费食物）”的倡议诞生了。 No Food Waste? Yes, it's a very simple idea.“不浪费食物”？是的，这是一个非常简单的理念。 It aims to redistribute excess food from weddings, parties, events, etc., where the people over-order the food and they give that excess food to the hungry.它的目标是将婚宴、派对、活动等场合中过量订购的剩余食物重新分配，送给有需要的人。 So, it's the uneaten food?所以，这些食物是没有被吃过的？ Yes, but obviously hygiene standards are very, very important. So, it's untouched edible surplus food.是的，但显然卫生标准非常重要。这些食物必须是未被接触过的、可安全食用的剩余食物。 So, it's not half-eaten or spoiled stuff.所以不是吃了一半的或变质的东西。 Right, and it's not thrown away.没错，而且它不会被浪费掉。 Exactly.完全正确。 Well, that's interesting, Richard, because closer to home, in Europe, a Danish organisation started Too Good To Go in 2015.这真有意思，理查德。离我们更近的欧洲，在2015年有一家丹麦组织创立了“Too Good To Go”（好食不弃）。 Now, again, they aim to reduce food waste and also redistribute surplus food, but in their case, it's food that's not sold. It's a B2C.同样，他们的目标是减少食物浪费并重新分配多余食物，但他们的情况是处理“未售出的食物”，属于B2C（企业对消费者）模式。 B2C, OK, business to consumer. So, in this case, the business is things like grocery stores, bakers, pizzerias, restaurants and markets, etc.B2C，明白了，也就是“企业对消费者”。在这里，企业指的是杂货店、面包店、披萨店、餐厅和市场等。 Right, OK, so that sounds good, but how does it actually work?好的，听起来不错，但它到底是如何运作的？ It's all through a free mobile application.这一切都通过一个免费的手机应用来实现。 The retailers display on the app what sort of food, you know, baked food, meals, any kind of produce, etc., etc., is available within a certain radius and a specified time slot, usually of 30 minutes or more.零售商会在应用上展示他们可提供的食物类型，比如烘焙食品、餐点或其他产品等，并标明供应范围和时间段，通常为30分钟或更长。 So, how does that actually work in practice then? For example, a grocery store realises at the end of the day it has a load of fruit that needs selling immediately.那在实际操作中是怎样的呢？比如，一家杂货店在一天结束时发现还有一批水果需要马上出售。 Right, so they box up a variety of things and they advertise it on the app.于是他们把这些水果打包成盒，并在应用上发布信息。 They give the weight of the box, the original price the fruit goes for and the reduced price.他们会标明盒子的重量、原价以及折扣价。 Right. So, a local customer sees that it's available from, let's say, 5 to 5.30pm, they want the box, they pay over the phone and then they go and collect it.是的，比如某位本地顾客看到这个水果盒在下午5点到5点半之间可取，他通过手机付款后再去现场领取。 Yeah, so the grocer doesn't throw the food away and the customer gets a good deal.没错，这样杂货商不用丢掉食物，顾客也能买到便宜的东西。 Yeah. Everyone's happy.是的，皆大欢喜。 Yeah, however, the customer doesn't know exactly what's in the box. It's a bit of potluck. Sounds simple.不过，顾客并不知道盒子里具体有什么。这有点像“盲盒”，挺有趣的，操作也很简单。 I actually quite like the element of surprise, Richard. So, you take a baker, for example, towards the end of the day they've got a load of cakes, buns, pastries, etc. still available.我其实挺喜欢这种惊喜感的，理查德。比如一家面包店，到了傍晚时分，他们可能还有很多蛋糕、小面包和点心没卖完。 So, they box these up, they say that originally they're worth €12 but if someone collects them in the afternoon, late afternoon, they can have them for €3.99.他们会把这些食物装箱，原价可能是12欧元，但如果有人在当天下午取走，只需支付3.99欧元。 That reminds me of when I was a lad. I am. Coming home from school, I used to pop into the baker's shop and they used to give me free staleys which they hadn't sold during the day.这让我想起我小时候放学回家的情景。我常常顺路去面包店，店主会把当天没卖出去的面包免费送给我。 Well, hopefully this food isn't actually stale. But yes, I mean everyone's benefiting, you know. So, I think if you have a business that sells produce with a use-by date, then I think you should check out the app.当然，希望这些食物并不是“过期的”。不过确实如此，这种方式让所有人都受益。所以，如果你的生意涉及保质期较短的商品，我建议你试试这个应用。 Yes, so the consumers save money and it prevents waste. So, everyone's happy.没错，消费者省了钱，商家减少了浪费，真是皆大欢喜。
