Questioning Medicine

Questioning Medicine
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Join Andrew on a medical rollercoaster as we ask a medical question and answer it based on recent published papers.  

  1. 15/12/2025

    418. Beta Blockers Post MI, PSA, Youtube,

    10.1016/j.jaip.2025.07.005.40675327 All of the videos were found to be useful or very useful, 99% were of moderate or high reliability, and 99% had moderate to excellent educational quality  Prostate-specific antigen levels among participants receiving annual testing. JAMA Oncol 2025 Nov; 11:1341 10.1001/jamaoncol.2025.3386.40965920 PSA levels at or above 4.0 ng/mL fell below that threshold on the next annual test 30% of the time. 10.1016/S2665-9913(25)00250-4. During 10 years of follow-up, patients in the PKA and TKA groups did not differ significantly in pain, function, or quality of lifehttps://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2508026?query=TOC Among patients who underwent CABG for an acute coronary syndrome, ticagrelor plus aspirin did not result in a lower incidence of death, myocardial infarction, stroke,  https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2509907?query=TOC In this trial, a high-dose inactivated influenza vaccine did not result in a significantly lower incidence of hospitalization for influenza or pneumonia than a standard dose among older adults.    https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2509834?query=TOC Among community-dwelling adults 65 to 79 years of age, there appeared to be fewer hospitalizations for influenza or pneumonia with high-dose inactivated influenza vaccine than with the standard dose but the NNT is like 1500!   https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12594118/ Afib should not be screened even if the authors say yes   https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40997143/ defines the US cost-effectiveness threshold as $120 000 per quality-adjusted life year gained,    https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40481660/ In CKD, electronic letter nudges for patients or primary care practices did not differ from no letters for prescriptions of guideline-recommended RASis or SGLT2is at 6 months.     https://www.clinicalkey.com/#!/content/playContent/1-s2.0-S0140673625015922?returnurl=https:%2F%2Flinkinghub.elsevier.com%2Fretrieve%2Fpii%2FS0140673625015922%3Fshowall%3Dtrue&referrer=https:%2F%2Fclinician.nejm.org%2F β-blocker therapy on clinical outcomes in patients with myocardial infarction and mildly reduced (40–49%)    https://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMoa2512686#ap2&uccLastUpdatedDate=2025-12-12%2005%3A34%3A29.658%20%2B0000&rememberMe=false In this meta-analysis including individual-patient data from five randomized trials, beta-blocker therapy did not reduce the incidence of death from any cause, myocardial infarction, or heart failure in patients with an LVEF of at least 50% after myocardial infarction without other indications for beta-blockers.

    41 min

  2. 03/12/2025

    417. Aspirin, Pre-diabetes, Menopause, Type 1 Diabetes, HPV Vaccine and more!!!!

    Wolfe R, Broder JC, Zhou Z, et al. Aspirin, cardiovascular events, and major bleeding in older adults: extended follow-up of the ASPREE trial. Eur Heart J. 12 Aug 2025. [Epub ahead of print]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40796244/   Donocan LE et al. Closed-loop insulin delivery in type 1 diabetes in pregnancy: The CIRCUIT randomized clinical trial. JAMA 2025 Oct 24; [e-pub]. (https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2025.19578)   https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2822766   https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/art.24894?msockid=3f10fb6c3d086e4c32e2ede23c9e6fbc   https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41118187/   https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41115754/     https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41138956/

    34 min

  3. 17/11/2025

    416. Car Seats, Beta-Blockers after a Heart Attack, Oral Semaglutide, High-Dose influenza vaccine

    Beta-Blockers after Myocardial Infarction without Reduced Ejection Fraction - https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2504735?query=WB     McGuire DK et al. Oral semaglutide and cardiovascular outcomes in high-risk type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med 2025 Mar 29; [e-pub]. (https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2501006)   Interactive Virtual Presence to Remotely Assist Parents With Car Seat Installation https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41077424/     Effectiveness of high-dose influenza vaccine against hospitalisations in older adults (FLUNITY-HD): an individual-level pooled analysis  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41115437/

    23 min

  4. 12/11/2025

    415. Do Air Filters Lower Blood Pressure?

    https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40767818/This is a great example for students and residents to look and see that the abstract does not always match what the paper actually says

    10 min

  5. 03/11/2025

    414. Resistant Hypertension, Physical Therapy, Steroids for Pneumonia

    Efficacy and safety of Baxdrostat in uncontrolled and resistant hypertension compared to placebo in phase three when there are MRA available that are cheap and availableA randomised trial of physical therapy for meniscal tear and knee pain discovers that home exercises are just as good as inperson physical therapya Pragmatic trial of glucocorticoids for community acquired pneumonia that I don't think you can trust

    16 min

  6. 31/10/2025

    413. 4 Articles to Scare You-- COPD, Cirrhosis, ETOH, and Ablation

    gabapentin may increase COPD exacerbationsBenzo for ETOH might be long gone..guess what is going to replace itAnticoagulation after ablation.... what do you do with it?BBlocker in those with cirrhosis and varices

    19 min

  7. 24/10/2025

    412. Liver Transplant - The One Referral I Doubt You Are Doing Correctly

    Clinicians should refer patients for liver transplant evaluation after any decompensation event—such as ascites or variceal bleeding—regardless of MELD score. After a first decompensation, 5-year mortality is 20–30%; after a second, it rises to 80–90%. Refractory ascites carries a 50% 1-year mortality, and overt hepatic encephalopathy has a 25–40% 1-year mortality. After an initial variceal bleed, the 1-year rebleeding risk is 60% without prophylaxis. There are no strict BMI or age cutoffs, and frailty has minimal effect on post-transplant outcomes. Substance use, including alcohol, is not a contraindication to referral—current guidelines no longer require a 6-month abstinence period. CitationsKing LY et al. Guidance for timely referral to liver transplantation. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2025 Aug 5; [e-pub]. (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cgh.2025.07.032)

    7 min

  8. 22/10/2025

    411. Gabapentin and Emergency Carotid Artery Stenting in Stroke

    Study Summary: Emergent Carotid Stenting in Acute Stroke Thrombectomy A multicenter registry study in Catalonia (2017–2023) evaluated outcomes in 578 patients with acute ischemic stroke and tandem lesions (large-vessel occlusion plus extracranial carotid stenosis). Patients were divided into two groups: those who received emergent carotid artery stenting (E-CAS) and those who did not (non-CAS). Key Findings: Favorable outcomes (modified Rankin Scale 0–2) were more common in the E-CAS group at: 90 days: 46% vs. 37% 1 year: Odds ratio 1.35 Recanalization rates were higher with E-CAS: 92% vs. 73% No significant differences in: Hemorrhagic transformation at 36 hours (though a trend toward higher rates with E-CAS) 1-year mortality Conclusion: Emergent carotid stenting during thrombectomy may improve functional outcomes and recanalization without significantly increasing bleeding or mortality. However, as this was not a randomized trial, results should be interpreted cautiously. Further randomized studies are needed.     Ezcurra-Díaz G et al. Emergent carotid artery stenting in patients with acute ischemic stroke with tandem lesions: One-year follow-up results from the SECURIS study. Neurology 2025 Oct 7; 105:e214067.         Gabapentinoids for Postoperative Pain: No Benefit Found Study Overview: A large randomized, placebo-controlled trial in the U.K. (GAP study) evaluated the effectiveness of gabapentin for postoperative pain in 1,200 patients undergoing various cardiac, thoracic, and abdominal surgeries. Intervention: Gabapentin group: 600 mg pre-op, then 300 mg twice daily for 2 days post-op Control group: Placebo Key Findings: Slight pain reduction at 1 hour post-op (4.0 vs. 3.5 on 11-point scale) No difference in pain at later time points No differences in: Opioid use Serious adverse events Length of hospital stay Commentary: Despite widespread off-label use, this large, well-designed trial found no meaningful benefit of gabapentin for postoperative pain. While short-term use appeared safe, prolonged use may pose risks (e.g., sedation, falls, respiratory depression). Clinicians are advised to reconsider routine perioperative use of gabapentinoids.     Baos S et al. Gabapentin for pain management after major surgery: A placebo-controlled, double-blinded, randomized clinical trial (the GAP study). Anesthesiology 2025 Oct; 143:851.

    10 min
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Join Andrew on a medical rollercoaster as we ask a medical question and answer it based on recent published papers.  

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    Questioning Medicine
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