StudyRare Podcast

StudyRare

A podcast with board-style questions for genetic counseling students and genetics fellows who are preparing for the ABGC or ABMGG board exam. This is a companion podcast to the StudyRare newsletter: studyrare.substack.com studyrare.substack.com

Episodios

  1. Episode 6: ACMG 2026 - Two Tracks For Trainees

    10 MAR

    Episode 6: ACMG 2026 - Two Tracks For Trainees

    Hello, I am traveling to Baltimore this week for the ACMG conference. The conference does not suggest official “tracks” based on your interest, so here are two I would build myself from the trainee perspective. These are not exhaustive, so use these as starting points as you plan which sessions to attend. The conference schedule is here and the abstracts are available here. Note that abstract number is preceded by a letter: “O” is for Oral presentation, and “P” is for Poster presentation. If you are looking for more general advice on how to have a productive conference, this link will download a PDF of a paper (”How to Conference”) with a few tips for introverts (myself included). If you will be at the meeting, I hope to meet you in person! Sincerely, Daniel Track 1: Trainees and Mentorship These sessions are explicitly targeted towards trainees, students, and early-career professionals. Consider attending these if you want to network with peers and seek new mentors. I personally plan to attend several of these. Tuesday 3/10 6:00 - 7:30 PM | Camden Lobby, Level 300 Welcome Reception for Trainees, Residents, Fellows, and Students The title is self-explanatory. In past years, there has been free food and drinks. It is one of the easiest rooms of the week to walk into alone. Go if you can. Wednesday 3/11 8:00 - 9:30 AM | Room 318-323, Level 300 Early Genetics Trainee Forum -- Mastering the Challenges of Diagnosing and Managing Overgrowth, Connective Tissue, and Mitochondrial Disorders This one will be worth waking up early for. Each of these three classes of disorders can be tricky to diagnose using standard genetic testing approaches. In some cases, specialized testing may be required beyond the traditional exome or genome (e.g., targeted deep sequencing for overgrowth disorders). Diagnosing these disorders accurately is increasingly important because of a growing number of targeted treatments that are available or in clinical trials. Feeling comfortable with sending the appropriate testing once one of these disorders is suspected sets you apart as a genetics provider and helps provide the patient with the best care possible. 10:00 AM - 12:00 PM | Exhibit Hall AB, Level 100 Presidential Plenary Session -- The Future of Expanded Newborn Genomic Screening: Promise and Practice Right now, newborn screening catches a defined list of conditions, mostly through biochemical assays. The question is whether we should be adding broad genomic sequencing to that process and screening for hundreds or thousands of conditions at birth instead of dozens. I anticipate that this plenary will cover this topic and the practical challenges of doing that at scale. It is going to be one of the defining policy questions in our field over the next decade and one where geneticists can play a central role alongside public health experts. Walk straight from the Trainee Forum into this one. Thursday 3/12 9:00 - 10:00 AM | Exhibit Hall AB, Level 100 TED-Style Talks I wanted to highlight the talk by Shoumita Dasgupta on mentorship in genomic medicine. Mentorship is one of those things people talk about in the abstract but rarely give you a concrete framework for. Even if you are a trainee now, it is likely that you are or will be a mentor to somebody soon in the future. Dr. Dasgupta is a distinguished author, speaker, and geneticist. 10:15 - 11:30 AM | Exhibit Hall C-E, Level 100 Speed Mentoring Session This is a good place to practice your 2-minute “elevator pitch” as well as see what different career trajectories in genetics can look like. The folks who volunteer for this have a genuine interest in mentoring and helping others at an early career stage. If a conversation feels like a dead end, apply the five W’s of journalism (who, what, where, when, why) to jump-start the conversation. Don’t forget to exchange contact information (e.g., email, LinkedIn) with those who you made a genuine connection with. 11:45 AM - 1:00 PM | Room 314-317, Level 300 Early Career Genetic Mentor Luncheon Walk over from the speed mentoring session to this luncheon. You will again have a chance to meet with potential mentors as well as other early career trainees over lunch. Friday 3/13 1:30 - 3:00 PM | Room 314-317, Level 300 Student Workshop: Pathways to Careers Within Medical Genetics and Genomics This session will likely be relevant not just for students but also for folks who are mentors. Even if you are a recent graduate, these paths might look different from what they were when you went through the process. I anticipate a discussion about the different ABMGG training pathways and certifications. The breadth of the field is apparent in the training structure itself -- it is one of the few subspecialties where you could have completed any prior residency beforehand and that also welcomes PhDs. 5:30 - 7:00 PM | Rooms 307-310, 318-323, and 324-326, Level 300 Diagnostic Challenges Sessions (Pediatric/Prenatal, Laboratory, and Adult/Cancer) These are real cases, presented to the audience, where you work through the diagnostic logic alongside the experts on stage. Three sessions run in parallel, so pick the one closest to your area of interest. It is worth staying for on a Friday evening. Saturday 3/14 9:45 - 10:15 AM | Ballroom I-II, Level 400 GENEius Challenge Championship Round There are some true geniuses in our field, and I think you will see some of them in action at this session! Participants are all geneticists or genetic counselors in training. Track 2: Genomics and AI The meeting has multiple sessions on AI and genomic technology that are scattered across the schedule. Trainees may be interested in what the future looks like, and I do think that genomics and AI are going to play an increasingly important role in the future of our field. Here are some sessions that stood out to me. Wednesday 3/11 3:30 - 5:00 PM | Room 307-310, Level 300 Dilemmas of Omic Technologies for Molecular Diagnosis of Rare Disease Exome, genome, transcriptome, metabolome, proteome -- the number of omic tools available for rare disease diagnosis keeps growing! I expect that this session will discuss when to consider sending each test, as well as the pros and cons of each. It is important to build realistic expectations about what these tools can and cannot deliver in clinic in order to use our resources effectively. As you attend this session, keep in mind the principle that there are false positives and false negatives with any diagnostic test. Thursday 3/12 8:00 - 9:00 AM | Exhibit Hall AB, Level 100 Featured Platform Presentations (includes Demystifying Base Large Language Model Reproducibility and Accuracy in ACMG/AMP Variant Classification) There is one key question that the field needs answered before LLMs get embedded in variant classification pipelines: can these models produce consistent, reproducible classifications according to standard ACMG/AMP criteria? This is coming, and the reproducibility of these tools will determine how fast. The authorship team lists individuals from both Mayo Clinic and Google, which highlights the growing intersection of information technology and genomics. 1:45 - 3:15 PM | Room 307-310, Level 300 Advances in Genomics With AI: From Patient Selection to Variant Analysis and Beyond This session covers AI in variant classification (one of the most common use cases for AI in our field at present), electronic health record mining for identifying previously undiagnosed patients with rare disease (where there is a lot of potential), and facial analysis for recognition of rare disease (where the potential is more limited). The main question in our field over the next ten years is not how do we more accurately sequence a genome but rather what do we do with the mountains of data that come back. The trainees in this room will be the ones pioneering the adoption and integration of this technology into clinical workflows, and it is good to get exposure early. 4:00 - 5:30 PM | Ballroom IV, Level 400 Platform Session 4 -- Genomic Analysis Tools and Workforce (includes STELLAR-AIM for AI-based genetic differential diagnosis) I want to highlight one abstract here: O24 (STELLAR-AIM), an AI-based differential diagnosis tool that integrates literature, metabolomic, genomic, and phenotypic data. Pulling multiple data types together like this is not yet a reality in most clinical genetics encounters. However, for the patient who has had non-diagnostic broad DNA sequencing and where there is a strong suspicion for an underlying monogenic disorder, this is the kind of system that could help find an answer. Friday 3/13 1:30 - 3:00 PM | Ballroom I, Level 400 Platform Session 5 -- New Laboratory Techniques (Long-read, OGM, RNA, PRS) This session is where the laboratory technology content peaks. O53 is the one I would not miss -- two years of clinical long-read sequencing data, and they are showing reimbursement outcomes. Reimbursement ultimately determines whether a technology actually makes it into routine practice or stays academic. O58 covers optical genome mapping in pediatric rare disease, and O35 tackles RNA sequencing for VUS reclassification. All three of these modalities will be increasingly available in genetics clinics in the next 3-5 years, but only if payers cover them. This session should help us understand how far along we are with these technologies. Saturday 3/14 8:00 - 9:30 AM | Room 318-323, Level 300 Rewriting the Reference: Laboratory and Clinical Applications of the New Human Pangenome Reference For years, clinical genomics has mapped everything against a single linear reference genome (hg19, hg38, or T2T). The idea behind the human pangenome reference is to incorporate genetic variation from diverse populations into the reference itself, which means fewer false positives and better variant calling when sending clinical genomic tests for patients whose backgrounds are underrepresented in genomic databases. This is th

    12 min
  2. Episode 5: ACMG annual conference (Day 4 preview)

    21/03/2025

    Episode 5: ACMG annual conference (Day 4 preview)

    Hello, Today is Day 4 of the American College of Medical Genetics (ACMG) Annual Meeting in Los Angeles. In this podcast, I discuss a few sessions for today (Fri, March 21) that may be of interest to trainees. * The first session is "How to Get Your Content Published" (10:30 AM). This session is led by a representative from Elsevier, a large publisher. While publishing is an important way to get credit for your academic work, the process can be time-consuming and frustrating. Reasons for this include navigating complex submission systems, coordinating with busy co-authors, and balancing writing with other responsibilities. Hopefully, this session will offer some insight into making the publication process more efficient. * At 1:30 PM, there is a session titled “2025 Student Workshop: Pathways to Careers within Medical Genetics and Genomics.” This session is aimed at students and early-career professionals exploring career options in genetics. Speakers include Dr. Miriam Blitzer, the immediate past CEO of ABMGG, as well as representatives from clinical genetics, laboratory genetics, and genetic counseling. This seems like a great opportunity for undifferentiated students to connect with experts across a variety of career paths in genetics. * Also at 1:30 PM, there is a session titled “N-of-1 ASO Therapies: The How-Tos of Implementation.” ASO stands for “Antisense Oligonucleotides,” which are short strands of nucleotides that degrade specific mRNA transcripts or promote exon skipping. N-of-1 refers to a clinical trial that involves a single patient rather than a large study population. N-of-1 trials involving an ASO are appropriate for patients with a pathogenic variant causing an extremely rare and progressively fatal disorder with no other treatment options. But why ASOs specifically? ASOs target the molecular mechanism of disease, which offers the potential for a precise therapeutic intervention. The design and synthesis of ASOs is also more straightforward relative to other targeted genetic therapies. In addition, the FDA has guidance on using custom ASOs in N-of-1 settings, which provides a regulatory pathway for these therapies to help treat rare monogenic disorders. * At 3:30 PM, there’s a session titled “Current Practice and Future Prospects for Autologous Ex Vivo Gene Treatment and HSCT in Lysosomal Storage Disease.” Ex vivo gene therapy involves removing the patient’s bone marrow cells, modifying them with a genetic therapy (in this case, with the intent to replace the missing enzyme), and then reinfusing the cells back into the patient. This approach is used for treating certain lysosomal storage disorders, as the patient’s own genetically-modified stem cells can now produce functional enzymes to correct the underlying metabolic defect. An example of this therapy is atidarsagene autotemcel (Lenmeldy), an FDA-approved therapy used to treat metachromatic leukodystrophy. For those interested in gene therapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), this session will be valuable. * Finally, at 5:30 PM, there are several concurrent “Diagnostic Challenge” sessions. These sessions are split into different categories: pediatric & prenatal, laboratory genetics, and adult & cancer genetics. Each session features a panel of experts who will discuss particularly challenging or unsolved cases. These sessions will offer an opportunity to hear how experts approach and think through complex diagnoses. Please feel free to share your thoughts, and see you in the next episode! Daniel This is a public episode. If you would like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit studyrare.substack.com

    6 min
  3. Episode 4: ACMG annual conference (Day 3 preview)

    20/03/2025

    Episode 4: ACMG annual conference (Day 3 preview)

    Hello, Today is Day 3 of the American College of Medical Genetics (ACMG) Annual Meeting. In this podcast, I discuss a few sessions for today (Thurs, March 20) that may be of interest to trainees. Of note, there are several sessions in the late morning that are specifically geared towards mentoring and networking. * The first session is called “Speed Mentoring” (10:15 am). The people you meet at this conference—especially those at a similar training stage—will likely be your colleagues for the next several decades, so it is a good idea to start building connections now. This event is a structured way to start making those connections. * The next session is called “Cracking the Codes: How CPT Codes and RVUs Affect Reimbursement and Credit for the Work You Do” (10:30 am). This topic is not often covered in training but it is important for folks working in a clinical setting. This is because both geneticists and genetic counselors face pay gaps relative to other medical specialties. In order to advocate for fair compensation, we need to have a solid understanding of how we are paid. * At 11:45 AM, there’s the “Early Career Genetic Mentor Luncheon.” This session will feature professionals across different specialties—clinical genetics, prenatal genetics, cancer genetics, biochemical genetics, and laboratory genetics. If you are considering different career options or want to see different ways in which you can apply your genetics expertise, this is a good session to attend. * In the early afternoon (1:30 PM) there will be a session on the forthcoming ACMG standard for variant classification (version 4.0). Variant interpretation is central to what many of us do, and staying up to date on the variant classification guidelines and how they evolve is beneficial. * In the late afternoon (5:10pm) there is a session titled “Fetal Fentanyl Syndrome: A Teratogen-Induced Embryopathy Masquerading as a Metabolic Disease.” Fentanyl, among other opioids, inhibits the enzyme 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase, which is the same enzyme that is deficient in Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome (SLO). Patients exposed to fentanyl overlap phenotypically (e.g. 2-3 toe syndactyly, genitourinary abnormalities, cleft palate) and also biochemically (elevated 7-dehydrocholesterol) with SLO. With opioid being use so prevalent in the U.S., this is an important diagnosis to keep on your radar. Feel free to share your thoughts, and see you in the next post! Daniel This is a public episode. If you would like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit studyrare.substack.com

    4 min
  4. Episode 3: ACMG annual conference (Day 2 preview)

    19/03/2025

    Episode 3: ACMG annual conference (Day 2 preview)

    Hello, Today is Day 2 of the American College of Medical Genetics (ACMG) Annual Meeting in Los Angeles. In this podcast, I discuss a few sessions for today (Wed, March 19) that may be of interest to trainees: * The “Early Genetics Trainee and Faculty Forum (Clinical Genetics) - Where Are We Headed?” (8:00 am) will feature Dr. Mira Irons, president of ACMG, and Dr. Sean McCandless, section head of genetics at Colorado Children’s Hospital, among others. They will be discussing the future role of clinical geneticists, especially as genetic testing becomes more accessible. How might our specialty evolve beyond ordering and interpreting genetic tests? * The “Foundation Awards & Presidential Plenary Session” (10:00 AM) is the one session today where everyone at the conference will be gathered. The theme this year is “Genetics in the Media” and will covering how genetics is portrayed in film and social media. Speakers include Dr. Susan Klugman, immediate past president of ACMG. * Over lunch, there are a number of sponsored sessions to consider. One session titled “Getting the Most Out of Your Genome” (sponsored by Illumina) may be of interest. Illumina, a leader in short-read sequencing technology, will discuss the role of clinical RNA sequencing. One example of when clinical RNA sequencing can be useful is when dealing with a variant of uncertain significance (VUS) that is suspected to impact splicing. If you are interested in laboratory genetics or variant interpretation, this session is worth checking out. * In the early afternoon (1:30 pm), there is a session titled “Evolution of Cytogenomic Technology – Optical Genome Mapping”. Optical genome mapping (OGM) is a technique that detects structural variants (e.g. insertions, deletions, inversions, and translocations) across the genome at high resolution (kilobases). I think of this technology of being like an ultra-detailed karyotype plus microarray in one. Because of this, OGM could be used by cytogenetics laboratories in undiagnosed patients with suspected Mendelian disorders as well as for detecting structural variants in somatic cancers. * In the mid-afternoon (3:30pm), there is a session titled "Diagnostic Dilemmas from the Undiagnosed Diseases Network (UDN)." The UDN is a group of researchers across multiple academic medical centers that help find diagnoses for patients with suspected monogenic disorders. To do this, they apply technologies like RNA sequencing, metabolomics, proteomics, and model organism studies on a research basis to patient samples. Patients have to apply to the UDN (not all are accepted due to limited resources), and a letter from a physician is required. If you have patients where you suspect they have a monogenic disorder despite negative exome sequencing, this is a good resource to keep in mind. * In the late afternoon, there will be time to browse the exhibit hall, and the first round of the Geneius challenge (6 pm) will begin. The Geneius challenge involves trainees who are competing for a prize based on how quickly they can respond to questions about genetics. Feel free to share your thoughts, and see you in the next post! Daniel This is a public episode. If you would like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit studyrare.substack.com

    6 min
  5. Episode 2: ACMG annual conference (Day 1 preview)

    18/03/2025

    Episode 2: ACMG annual conference (Day 1 preview)

    Hello, Welcome. My name is Daniel Piqué. I am a clinical geneticist and I write the StudyRare newsletter, which contains practice questions for genetics board exams. StudyRare is starting a podcast with the goal of hosting an audio version of the newsletter posts as well as sharing additional educational content relevant for genetics and genetic counseling trainees. The StudyRare Podcast is now available on Spotify and Apple podcasts. You can also find our podcast’s homepage by going to studyrare.substack.com and clicking on the “StudyRare Podcast” tab at the top. This week, I am at American College of Medical Genetics (ACMG) meeting in Los Angeles. I wanted to use this opportunity to highlight a few talks for those who aren’t able to make it or who are still planning their schedule. In this podcast, I discuss 3 sessions that I think are interesting for trainees on the first day of the conference (Tue, Mar 18). These talks include: * The “Genomic Explorations” workshop, which is divided into 2 parts: cytogenetics (10am-1pm) and molecular genetics (2pm-5pm). While the workshop is intended for laboratory geneticists, it seems to be a great opportunity for anyone looking to brush up on their knowledge of laboratory techniques. The workshop will be led by over a dozen faculty trained in laboratory genetics including the newly-appointed CEO of ABMGG, Dr. Azra Ligon. * A session titled “Back to Basics: The Physical Exam is the Cornerstone of Precision Medicine.” This session will cover the fundamentals of the genetics physical exam, an important part of the genetics evaluation. A thorough physical exam can help narrow your differential diagnosis, guide what testing you should send, and help with variant interpretation. In some cases (e.g. tuberous sclerosis, NF1), a diagnosis can even be confirmed based on the history and physical exam alone. The panel session features 4 geneticists who will each cover one topic: nose/philtrum, trunk/limbs, hands, and pigmented lesions. * A session titled “Challenging No More: Simultaneously Tackling CMRGs and Methylation,” sponsored by Oxford Nanopore, will explore approaches to sequencing Challenging Medically Relevant Genes (CMRGs). These genes are difficult to analyze with traditional short-read sequencing methods due to repetitive sequences or the presence of pseudogenes (e.g., SMN1/SMN2 in spinal muscular atrophy). Oxford Nanopore is one of 2 main companies (PacBio being the other) that develop long-read sequencing technology (for reference, Illumina is the main company that develops short-read sequencing technology). Long-read sequencing has the potential to consolidate many of the assays that we send separately (e.g. DNA sequence analysis, structural variant analysis, and DNA methylation) into a single test. Even if you are not attending, you can still view the full program here. If you see me at the conference, please feel free to say hello. It would be great to connect in person! Daniel This is a public episode. If you would like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit studyrare.substack.com

    7 min

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A podcast with board-style questions for genetic counseling students and genetics fellows who are preparing for the ABGC or ABMGG board exam. This is a companion podcast to the StudyRare newsletter: studyrare.substack.com studyrare.substack.com