Show Me the Science with Luke O'Neill

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Have you ever wondered why we laugh or if you can really die of a broken heart? Join Professor Luke O'Neill on ‘Show Me the Science’ as he tackles a different issue each week; from the serious to the silly, all explained through science. This Newstalk production will open the world of science to people of all ages. New episodes every Thursday. Show me the Science is with thanks to B Braun. Listen and subscribe to Show Me the Science with Luke O'Neill on Apple Podcasts and Spotify. Download, listen and subscribe on the Newstalk App.   You can also listen to Newstalk live on newstalk.com or on Alexa, by and asking: 'Alexa, play Newstalk'

  1. 12 JAM LALU

    The Science of Accents

    Taylor Swift has changed her accent over the years – and science can prove it. A quirky new study from the University of Minnesota analysed hours of Swift interviews to show how her voice shifted depending on what era she was in. For Professor Luke O’Neill, it’s the perfect excuse to dive into one of his favourite subjects: accents and dialects.  From the five distinct dialects of Ireland to the 30-plus versions of English spoken worldwide, this week’s podcast looks at why we sound the way we do – and why accents change over time. He explains how Elizabethan English is still alive in pockets of North America, why Irish “borrow words” like galore, slew, baloney and hooligan have shaped English, and how the Beatles made regional accents cool in the 1960s.  There’s science, history, and plenty of fun in this trip through the way we speak – with Luke revealing his two favourite English accents (spoiler: think West Country warmth and Southern US drawl). And yes, he’s very happy that the Irish accent now ranks among the coolest in the world.  Got an accent story of your own, or an idea for a future episode? Drop Luke an email at laoneill@tcd.ie.

    15 min

  2. 2 OKT

    The Science of Phage

    They look like alien spacecrafts under a microscope, but bacteriophages — viruses that infect and kill bacteria — could hold the key to one of the biggest medical challenges of our time: antibiotic resistance. First described more than a century ago, phages became a hot topic of research in the mid-20th century, especially in the Soviet Union, before slipping into obscurity with the rise of antibiotics. Now, with superbugs on the march and antibiotics losing their punch, phages are making a comeback.  On this week’s podcast, Professor Luke O’Neill dives into the fascinating history and biology of these tiny viral predators, from the Soviet labs of the Cold War to today’s cutting-edge clinical trials. He explains how phages can target deadly bacteria like Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, why their extreme specificity is both a blessing and a challenge, and how scientists are now combining phages with antibiotics to create new treatments. With fresh lab techniques making it easier to grow and manipulate phages, the field is buzzing with new potential.  Expect alien-looking viruses, a dash of Cold War intrigue, and real hope for tackling infections that antibiotics can no longer beat.  Got a topic you’d like Luke to cover? Email your ideas to laoneill@tcd.ie.

    16 min

  3. 25 SEP

    The Science of Extinction

    Earth has always been a planet of comebacks. Life has thrived, collapsed, and reinvented itself in astonishing ways. Scientists call the five great wipe-outs of the past the “Big Five” – huge mass extinctions that reset the clock on life. Without them, we wouldn’t even be here to talk about it.  This week, Luke O’Neill dives into what these extinction events can teach us - from the ancient Ordovician seas that suddenly emptied, to the Triassic era where one wave of destruction cleared the stage for the dinosaurs, and the dramatic end of the Cretaceous, when an asteroid put an end to their reign. The most catastrophic of all came at the end of the Permian, nicknamed “the Great Dying,” when nearly everything living was snuffed out.  What’s extraordinary is the sheer gulf of time between these cataclysms. Tens of millions – even hundreds of millions – of years separated one mass extinction from the next. To put it in perspective, the gap between the end-Triassic and the asteroid strike that finished the dinosaurs is longer than the time between that asteroid strike and today. These are planetary rhythms on a timescale that makes human history look like the blink of an eye.  But here’s the uncomfortable twist: many scientists now argue that we’re in the early stages of a sixth great extinction. And for the first time, it wouldn’t be volcanoes or asteroids doing the damage – it would be us. Human activity, from climate change to habitat destruction, is putting pressure on life everywhere.  So what does history tell us? That life will recover. But whether we will be part of that story depends on what we do next. Luke explores how science is helping us understand extinction not as an abstract tragedy, but as a warning sign – and why the choices humans make in the coming decades matter more than ever.  Send your feedback or ideas for future episodes to Luke at laoneill@tcd.ie.

    15 min

  4. 18 SEP

    The Science of Breast Milk

    Breast milk is often called “nature’s first vaccine” and, in this week's podcast, Luke O’Neill explains why. From the moment a baby is born, its immune system is still immature and wide open to infection. Breast milk steps in as the baby’s first line of defence, passing on antibodies, immune cells and even the benefits of vaccines the mother has received. Luke explores how this “passive immunisation” works – from the placenta before birth to breast milk afterwards – and why it’s so powerful in protecting babies against infections, hospitalisations and even long-term risks like obesity and diabetes. He also looks at the benefits for mothers, including protection against breast and ovarian cancer, diabetes and high blood pressure. Along the way we learn why Ireland still struggles with low rates of breastfeeding, how more support for new mothers could ease pressure on the health system, and why vaccinating during pregnancy is such a vital public health tool. Luke highlights new research on the RSV vaccine, which shows up to 80% protection for babies when mothers are immunised, and pays tribute to Dublin-born scientist Francis Bramble, who first uncovered the secrets of mother-to-baby immunity back in the 1930s. With a wink, Luke suggests it might be time to “Make Bramble Great Again.” This episode is a reminder that breast milk isn’t just food – it’s medicine, protection, and an immune system tutor all rolled into one. Send your feedback or ideas for future episodes to Luke at laoneill@tcd.ie.

    15 min

  5. 11 SEP

    The Science of Type-1 Diabetes

    Professor Luke O’Neill dives into the science behind Type-1 Diabetes for this week's podcast, answering a question from listener Sarah. Luke explains the key differences between Type-1 and other forms of diabetes, guiding us through the early symptoms—intense thirst, frequent urination, unexplained weight loss, fatigue, vision issues, and nausea—and highlighting the serious long-term complications, from kidney damage to blindness and ulcers. Luke also breaks down how Type-1 Diabetes isn’t purely genetic, exploring the role of psychological stress alongside hereditary factors. He takes listeners through the latest treatments, from insulin therapy and lifestyle adjustments to cutting-edge innovations like insulin pumps and artificial pancreases. The discussion moves into the exciting frontiers of research, including stem cell treatments targeting the pancreas, and Luke’s optimism that breakthroughs in Type-1 Diabetes could pave the way for tackling other autoimmune conditions. For anyone living with or curious about the disease, Luke’s insight offers both clarity and hope. Listeners can request future topics by emailing laoneill@tcd.ie.

    17 min

  6. 4 SEP

    Show Me The Science – The Science of Speech-making

    Why do some speeches stick in your mind while others fade before the applause ends? In this unusual episode of Show Me The Science, Professor Luke O’Neill swaps the lab for the lectern to reveal the science of captivating public speaking. Drawing on decades of experience addressing audiences from classrooms to conferences, Luke shares his top tips for giving speeches that resonate, whether it’s a best man’s toast, a heartfelt eulogy, or a high-stakes commencement address.  With a major speech coming up — delivering the honorary doctorate address at the Royal College of Surgeons Ireland — Luke breaks down everything from crafting a strong opening and telling stories that emotionally connect, to structuring your talk so the audience follows every point. He stresses clarity and simplicity, authenticity over imitation, and the importance of ending on a note that inspires action. You can’t fake charisma, Luke warns, but you can sound inspired by yourself. And yes, he insists ChatGPT should stay out of your speech-writing.  Along the way, Luke highlights the viral speech by American author Brad Meltzer, showing how structure, storytelling, and authenticity can make a short talk unforgettable. For anyone looking to improve public speaking skills, learn how to engage an audience, or simply survive the nerve-wracking moments of standing in front of a crowd, this podcast is packed with practical, scientifically-informed advice delivered with Luke’s trademark humour.  Watch the Brad Meltzer speech that inspired Luke here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qSO_t39lszo  Got a quirky science topic you want Luke to tackle next? Send your suggestions to laoneill@tcd.ie — your idea could be featured in a future episode.

    15 min

  7. 28 OGO

    The Science of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

    Chronic Fatigue Syndrome - also known as myalgic encephalomyelitis (ME) - has long baffled doctors and patients alike. It leaves people with crushing fatigue, brain fog, pain, sleep disturbance and a body that just won’t bounce back after even mild exertion. For too many sufferers, it’s meant years of being dismissed, neglected, or told it was all in their head.  But the science is finally moving forward. Two landmark studies have now given researchers their best clues yet into what drives ME/CFS, and how we might one day diagnose and treat it.  Professor Luke O’Neill unpacks the breakthroughs. The largest-ever genetic study of ME, involving 27,000 patients, has identified eight genetic markers, many linked to immune response and pain. One possibility: in some people, a viral infection flips the immune system into permanent overdrive, leaving the body acting as if it’s still fighting off a virus long after recovery.  Another study drilled down into blood markers, immune responses and gut bacteria, feeding the data through an AI algorithm. With 90% accuracy, it could tell who had ME and who didn’t. It’s complex, expensive science, but it shows why so many patients also report IBS and gut disturbances, and why AI may hold the key to future diagnostics.  Luke explains why the condition is more common in women, why drug treatments may be more realistic than vaccines, and why he’s optimistic this research will lead to better therapies. For the 20,000 people in Ireland — and 70 million worldwide — living with ME/CFS, it’s a hopeful sign that science is finally catching up.  And if you’re living with CFS, Luke advises talking to your GP about medication, referral options and lifestyle strategies that can help manage symptoms in the meantime.  Got a burning science question you’d like Luke to tackle in a future episode? Drop him a line at laoneill@tcd.ie — he’d love to hear your ideas.

    18 min

  8. 21 OGO

    The Science of Stem Cells

    This week, Luke rolls up his sleeves to tackle a listener request from Danny and Caroline. Caroline’s living with osteoarthritis, so stem cells seemed like just the ticket for discussion.  We start with the basics: stem cells are the body’s precursors, the young all-rounders that can grow into brain neurons, cartilage-makers, or insulin-producing pancreatic cells. In theory, they can be coaxed into replacing damaged tissue—making them, as Luke puts it, a sort of “living drug.”  The story begins with leukemia treatment, where donor bone marrow can regrow an entire immune system, sometimes with cure rates of up to 90%. We also meet “bubble baby disease” (SCID), where stem cells can give a child the immune system they never had. From fertilised eggs (the ultimate stem cell) to Nobel prize-winning frog cloning, Luke traces the remarkable science that shows every cell in your body carries the full blueprint for making you.  He explains the controversies over embryonic stem cell research, the promise of adult-derived mesenchymal stem cells, and the exciting rise of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) which are adult cells reprogrammed to behave like embryonic ones. No FDA-approved stem-cell therapies for major diseases just yet, but Parkinson’s trials are showing some glimmers of hope.  For osteoarthritis, Luke’s verdict is: stem cells “might help a bit,” but the science isn’t slam-dunk yet, especially when you’re injecting cells into a joint that never stops moving. Other targets, like heart and lung disease, may turn out to be better bets.  The market for stem-cell therapies could hit a billion dollars by 2031, so expect plenty of hype and, hopefully, plenty of progress. In the meantime, we’ve got real breakthroughs, fascinating biology, and Luke’s usual mix of optimism and caution.  Got a topic you’d like Luke to tackle? Email laoneill@tcd.ie and your idea might make it onto the show.

    20 min
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Have you ever wondered why we laugh or if you can really die of a broken heart? Join Professor Luke O'Neill on ‘Show Me the Science’ as he tackles a different issue each week; from the serious to the silly, all explained through science. This Newstalk production will open the world of science to people of all ages. New episodes every Thursday. Show me the Science is with thanks to B Braun. Listen and subscribe to Show Me the Science with Luke O'Neill on Apple Podcasts and Spotify. Download, listen and subscribe on the Newstalk App.   You can also listen to Newstalk live on newstalk.com or on Alexa, by and asking: 'Alexa, play Newstalk'

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