In this episode, we host Dr Colin P. Clarke to explore how terrorism is evolving in an era of AI, organised crime, proxy warfare, and great power competition. Drawing on decades of work on terrorism, insurgency, illicit finance, and political violence, Dr Clarke explains why today's threat landscape is no longer defined solely by hierarchical jihadist organisations, but by decentralised networks, regional affiliates, lone actors, criminal ecosystems, and state-backed proxies. He also reflects on how groups such as ISIS, Hezbollah, Hamas, and far-right movements adapt to new technologies, exploit geopolitical crises, and sustain themselves through propaganda, illicit finance, and transnational support networks. We discuss why terrorism today is more fragmented, more hybrid, and harder to categorise than many older counterterrorism models suggest. From ISIS’s evolution into a franchise-like movement and Hezbollah’s diversified funding streams to AI-enabled propaganda, drones, virtual currencies, Russian hybrid warfare, Wagner, and the possibility of terrorism triggering wider interstate conflict, this conversation offers a timely guide to how political violence is mutating – and why policymakers must avoid treating terrorism, organised crime, and great power competition as separate problems. Dr Colin P. Clarke is the Executive Director of The Soufan Center and one of the leading analysts working at the intersection of terrorism, insurgency, organised crime, and geopolitics. He is the author of several books, including Terrorism, Inc. and After the Caliphate, and writes widely on terrorist financing, the crime-terror nexus, ISIS, Hezbollah, proxy warfare, and emerging security threats. His work has appeared in outlets including Foreign Policy and War on the Rocks, and he regularly contributes to public debate on terrorism, political violence, and international security. The International Risk Podcast brings you conversations with global experts, frontline practitioners, and senior decision-makers who are shaping how we understand and respond to international risk. From geopolitical instability and organised crime to cybersecurity threats and hybrid warfare, each episode explores the forces transforming our world and what smart leaders must do to navigate them. Whether you’re a board member, policymaker, or risk professional, The International Risk Podcast delivers actionable insights, sharp analysis, and real-world stories that matter. The International Risk Podcast is sponsored by Conducttr, a realistic crisis exercise platform. Conducttr offers crisis exercising software for corporates, consultants, humanitarian, and defence & security clients. Visit Conducttr to learn more. Dominic Bowen is the host of The International Risk Podcast and Europe’s leading expert on international risk and crisis management. As Head of Strategic Advisory and Partner at one of Europe’s leading risk management consulting firms, Dominic advises CEOs, boards, and senior executives across the continent on how to prepare for uncertainty and act with intent. He has spent decades working in war zones, advising multinational companies, and supporting Europe’s business leaders. Dominic is the go-to business advisor for leaders navigating risk, crisis, and strategy; trusted for his clarity, calmness under pressure, and ability to turn volatility into competitive advantage. Dominic equips today’s business leaders with the insight and confidence to lead through disruption and deliver sustained strategic advantage. Subscribe for all our updates! Tell us what you liked!
