Adventures in Sustainable Living Podcast Episode 274 How to Transition to a Plant Based Diet Part One As you could likely guess, humanity is now faced with a long list of challenges that many would consider unsolvable. In addition to that there are so many opposing opinions about how to solve these issues, that most people suffer from information overload, feel completely helpless, and are convinced that their individual action makes no difference whatsoever. In my opinion if we want to solve some of our toughest issues, instead of taking direct action, we need to address the source of the problem. In other words, we need to think upstream. And that is one of the many reasons that a plant based diet makes the most sense. For the next several episodes I am going to talk about the advantages of this diet plan and what it can do for our health and our planet. Welcome back everyone to the Adventures in Sustainable Living podcast. This is your host Patrick and this is E274 How to Transition to a Plant Based Diet Part One. As our list of environmental issues grows longer and longer, humanity is in desperate need of individual action that truly makes a difference. Most of us are so overwhelmed with our global issues that we feel helpless to do anything. Since there are so many problems to solve, in my opinion, we need to focus on actions that resolve more than one issue at a time. For example, while cleaning up plastic waste on our beaches is very important, it would be more effective to not produce the waste in the first place. Another good example is reducing our food waste. This also solves more than one environmental issue at the same time. A third example is transitioning to a plant based diet. But before we dive too deep into that, let’s first talk about the best part of my week, which is introducing a tad bit of good news. Good News Story of the Week I am certain that on several occasion many of you have heard me speak of the destruction of our global forests. In fact, in the United States alone nearly 90% of our virgin forests have been destroyed since the 1600s. But, in some parts of the world, that is changing. For the first time since the Middle Ages, Italy has more woodland than agricultural land. Forests now stretch across 60,000 square miles of the Italian Peninsula, overly concentrated in mountain areas, but which nevertheless represent the gradual reversion of cultivated land to woodland again, sort of a re-wilding if you will. That milestone was officially hit in 2020, but was only revealed as of this week thanks to a report published by National Union of Mountain Municipalities and Entities. In a single Italian municipality, called Marcetelli, where 94% of the land is covered in trees, the combined natural functions of the forests to store carbon, filter water and air, and to prevent erosion, would cost some $9.5 million if industrial solutions had to be sought. Additionally, the increase in forested acreage is creating a somewhat ironic reversal of rural Italy’s emigration crisis. For the last 2 decades, young people have increasingly left mountain and rural-plains areas for the big cities, resulting in the abandonment of marginal land or traditionally farmed/pastured lands, as well as an emptying of small towns—many of which have habitation records going back to medieval times. Since 2021, however, 932 Italian municipalities showed a positive net migration of 10 per 1,000 inhabitants, with a significant share of these municipalities being located in heavily forested areas. For locally endangered species such as bears and wolves, more woods in mountain areas will go a long way toward supporting their populations. There are also ample opportunities to use these new forests for eco-tourism and sustainable forestry, while expansion of habitat for animals such as wild boar and red deer offers increased bounty for Italy’s hunters who supply so many national restaurants with these favored game meats. The report nonetheless points out that many of these forests weren’t just appearing out of nowhere—they’re taking over agricultural land where farmers and ranchers used to ply there own trade. All things being equal, however, the supply of farmland and pasture in Italy was clearly in a glut, otherwise the demand for agricultural products would have kept farming families there to satisfy it. In economic terms, the demand for living close to nature has grown, while the demand from living in farming communities has declined. Therefore, though the report colors the loss of farmland as an economic decline, it cannot be logically said to be so. So, there you are folks, yet another win for our planet. And speaking of a win for the planet, let’s get started on this series that focuses on a plant based diet. A plant based diet is truly one of those things that has multiple benefits and solve several planetary issues all at the same time. This type of diet benefits our personal health, boosts environmental sustainability, promotes animal welfare and addresses global food security. Many of you likely know by now that I grew up with two working farms in my family. We raised cattle, chickens, turkeys, rabbits, pigs, and had a very large garden. What we could not produce on our own, we purchased at the local farmer’s market. So, needless to say I grew up being a meat eater. One of your first thoughts may be that I am going to push everyone to be a vegetarian or a vegan. However, I have no intention of being either. But in light of the fact that our dietary choices have a significant impact on our planet I think it is worthwhile to examine how and what we eat and how we might make some improvements. Our food systems are responsible for 25% to 35% of global greenhouse emissions and are the largest cause of deforestation, freshwater use, and biodiversity loss. If we simply change how we produce our food and modify what we eat, we can address several environment issues all at the same time. I was a teenager when I first started hearing about the concept of climate change. I distinctly remember thinking that perhaps it was a stretch of the imagination that humanity could actually alter the climate of an entire planet. Furthermore, I thought that if that were possible, I would never see that in my lifetime. At this point I realize just how naive I was at the time. There was also a time in our history that the United States was viewed as the land of opportunity and we viewed our world as having endless resources. If you still think that way then you are just as naive as I was when I was a teenager. It should be quiet obvious by now that we live in a global community and it is difficult to escape the far reaching effects of anything that goes on in the world. This is why our individual actions are more important than ever. Regardless of how you feel, there are many reasons to consider transitioning to a plant-based diet. How and what we eat is a personal choice. But, how and what we do as individuals to make sure we live on a healthy planet is also a personal choice. Changing your diet is by far one of the most impactful things we can do as individuals. A 2023 study published in Nature Communications projects that substituting half of global animal-based foods with plant-based alternatives by 2050 would cut agricultural greenhouse gas emissions by 31%, equivalent to 2.1 billion metric tons of CO2 annually. This shift would also reduce global farming land use by 12%, effectively halting the decline of forests and natural lands, while decreasing water use by 10% and nitrogen fertilizer application by nearly half. Hopefully the information I present in the next few episodes will help stimulate you to make some positive changes, even if it is in some small way. But I am also going to share with you what I am doing. After all, I am not going to ask anyone to do something that I would not be willing to do myself. There is enough information here that it is going to take several episodes to cover the depth and breadth of this topic. I am going to spend the first couple of episodes discussing how a plant based diet is beneficial to our health, supports environmental sustainability, promotes animal welfare, and addresses global food security. This will set the foundation of why we should make some changes. Then in the last episode I will cover the basics of plant based diet, how to make that transition, give you a one month meal plan. And all along the way, I am going to share with you exactly how I am going to make those changes myself. So, let’s get started. Health Benefits of a Plant-Based Diet Most people do not know that chronic diseases are responsible for 70% of all deaths in the United States. This accounts for 90% of the nation’s annual health care expenditures. Additionally, poor diet is the primary driver of the global chronic disease epidemic. The combination of unhealthy eating and sedentary lifestyles is the second leading cause of death from cardiovascular and brain diseases. This is surpassed only by smoking. That said, a well-planned plant-based diet can be one of the most powerful tools for improving health and reducing the risk of chronic disease. Plant foods provide fiber, vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, and beneficial plant compounds that support nearly every system in the body. So, let’s quickly run through the health benefits of a plant based diet. 1. Improved Heart Health Heart disease remains one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Once again this is often related to a poor diet. Plant-based diets can help protect your heart by: ❤️ Lowering LDL ("bad") cholesterol ❤️ Reducing blood pressure ❤️ Improving blood vessel function ❤️ Reducing chronic inflammation ❤️ Helping maintain a healthy weight Everyday simple ingredients such as oats, beans, lentils, nuts, seeds, fruits, and vegetables co