Real Gaijin — Japan’s Business, Culture & Life Podcast: A podcast about Japan’s economy, work culture, foreign residen

Mark Kennedy — Real Gaijin / Japan Business & Culture Commentary

A podcast that explains Japan’s business, culture, economy, and foreign-resident experience through real stories and in-depth conversations. Real Gaijin explores the real Japan — the people, places, and ideas shaping the future of the country. From Kyushu to Tokyo, we dive deep into Japan’s economy, work culture, entrepreneurship, immigration, tourism, and the lived experience of foreign residents who call Japan home. Hosted by Mark Kennedy, Real Gaijin blends reporting, storytelling, and candid conversations with founders, innovators, creators, and community leaders who see Japan with clear eyes. No clichés. No anime filter. Just honest stories and informed perspectives on how Japan is changing — and what comes next. What we cover: Life and work as a foreign resident in Japan Japan’s business culture and entrepreneurial ecosystem Regional revitalization, demographic change, and local communities Inbound tourism, immigration, and policy shifts Economic and cultural trends reshaping modern Japan Deep dives into Kyushu, Fukuoka, Tokyo, and other regions Whether you live in Japan, dream of moving here, invest in Japanese markets, or are fascinated by the country’s complexities, Real Gaijin offers insights you won’t find anywhere else. Keywords (English): Japan, Japanese culture, Japanese business, Japan economy, Japan work culture, entrepreneurship Japan, foreigners in Japan, expat Japan, living in Japan, immigration Japan, regional revitalization, Kyushu, Fukuoka, Tokyo, Osaka, Japan startups, Japan travel, Japanese society. 日本語キーワード(検索向け): 日本、日本文化、日本社会、日本経済、日本の働き方、外人、外国人、在日外国人、移住、地方創生、地方移住、九州、福岡、東京、大阪、観光、起業、スタートアップ、地域活性化。 realgaijin.substack.com

  1. Sep 28

    🍻 Cheers to Everyone Who Joined the Second “Beers with Real Gaijin” -- Let’s Talk Japan (S-01, E-02)

    🍻 Thank you to everyone who joined the second “Beers with Real Gaijin” live stream on Sunday evening! Like last month, what started as an experiment—an informal conversation without an agenda about recent Real Gaijin articles, Japan-related news, and whatever else was on your mind—turned into the kind of lively exchange I had hoped for. Key Takeaways While we enjoyed a wide-ranging discussion that included a review of several recently published Real Gaijin articles, the five main points to take away were probably the following (see below for links to related articles): * Japan’s foreign-resident population is growing larger, becoming more diverse, and growing in economic importance: Japan’s foreign population has grown to roughly 4.2 million, with the largest groups coming from China, Vietnam, South Korea, and the Philippines. Meanwhile, newer communities, such as those from Sri Lanka, are becoming increasingly visible. At the same time, foreign workers are moving beyond the traditional image of temporary, low-wage labor into higher-skilled, better-paid, and longer-term roles. * Doing business in Japan still depends heavily on relationships, localization, and patience: The discussion of LinkedIn, Eight, and Tomomi Iwasaki’s experience highlights a persistent difference between Japan and Western markets: Cold outreach is relatively ineffective, while personal introductions and established relationships carry considerable weight. Foreign companies also need to temper their expectations of immediate results and be prepared to localize their products and approach. * Japan’s economic recovery remains uneven despite stronger wage growth: Large Japanese companies are delivering wage increases that have finally begun to exceed inflation, producing modest real-wage gains. However, these benefits are not evenly distributed across the economy, which helps explain why households remain cautious and why consumer spending has not accelerated correspondingly. * Japan’s demographic challenge begins well before childbirth—with marriage, relationships, and a shrinking pool of young adults: Falling marriage rates are particularly important in Japan because births are still largely associated with marriage. Combined with the already small population of young children, this suggests that Japan’s demographic contraction is becoming structurally embedded and cannot be addressed solely through policies aimed at supporting parents after children are born. * Japan’s aging population is redefining what “retirement” looks like: The rapid growth of older workers taking seasonal resort baito (part-time work) illustrates both opportunity and economic necessity. Seniors can earn income while traveling and gaining new experiences, and employers can hire experienced, flexible workers. However, this phenomenon also exposes a deeper problem: many Japanese people may need to continue working well into their traditional retirement years because their pensions and savings are insufficient for a potentially decades-long retirement. Q & A Q1: Do the Japanese have a purity law for beer? A1: Japan does not have a German-style beer “purity law,” but its Liquor Tax Act strictly defines what can be legally labeled as “beer.” Beer must contain at least 50% malt by weight (not including hops or water), but, unlike the traditional German Reinheitsgebot, Japan allows ingredients such as rice, corn, starch, sugars, fruit, and certain spices and herbs. In 2018, the rules were significantly liberalized, lowering the malt threshold and allowing more flavoring ingredients. This gave craft brewers greater flexibility. Beverages that do not meet these requirements are generally classified as happōshu (発泡酒), or another category, rather than as beer. 🍺 I’m already looking forward to the next “Beers with Real Gaijin“ in October—our own little “October Fest!” The invitation will be sent out soon… 🎉 P.S. I look forward to meeting you in person at the upcoming “Japan Substackers IRL Meetup in Tokyo” on November 5, 2026, if you’re able to make it. Related articles #BeersWithRealGaijin #リアル外人と飲む #ResidentForeigners #RealGaijin #リアル外人 If you found this post valuable, please click the ❤️ button and restack it. Restacking helps more than you’d think! Thanks! Thanks for reading Real Gaijin! This post is public so feel free to share it. Please note that you can subscribe to Real Gaijin for free. If you are so inclined, you can also purchase an annual subscription for a relatively small fee. However, I understand that even the lowest level of annual subscription allowed by Substack may seem too high for many. If you just want to buy a coffee for Real Gaijin (or maybe a green tea), you can also make a small donation here: https://buymeacoffee.com/realgaijin All levels of support - including just liking a particular article and/or leaving a comment - are very welcome. Thanks again for reading. While Real Gaijin lives in Substack, you can also find Real Gaijin on a few other platforms (listed in alphabetical order). https://www.instagram.com/real_gaijin_on_substack/ https://www.threads.net/@real_gaijin_on_substack https://www.tiktok.com/@real.gaijin https://x.com/Real_Gaijin_ https://www.youtube.com/@RealGaijin https://www.linkedin.com/in/mark-wilt-kennedy/ Get full access to Real Gaijin at realgaijin.substack.com/subscribe

    🍻 Cheers to Everyone Who Joined the Second “Beers with Real Gaijin” -- Let’s Talk Japan (S-01, E-02)
  2. Sep 26

    ▶︎ AMA Podcast (S-02, E-26) with Lloyd Allen, Master's of Economics candidate at Kobe University from Australia and student of Japanese since the age of 16

    So, what does it actually take to become proficient in Japanese—not just conversationally competent, but proficient enough to study economics at a Japanese university, conduct academic research, explore the history of kanji, and consider taking the Kanji Kentei (日本漢字能力検定) Level 1 exam? Real Gaijin recently interviewed the perfect guest—particularly for the Gen Z audience. He is destined to have an important career connecting Japan with the rest of the world. Who is he? Lloyd Allen been studying Japanese since his teenage years, and his experience provides a valuable perspective on the ongoing debate about shortcuts, apps, immersion techniques, and “fluency.” Lloyd first came to Japan as a 16-year-old high school exchange student and has been moving between Australia and Japan ever since. He studied economics and Japanese as an undergraduate and spent time at Aoyama Gakuin University and Kobe University. He is now back at Kobe University as a full-time master’s student in economics. Japanese has been a constant thread throughout his journey. Today, Lloyd’s interest extends well beyond communicating. He writes about the Japanese language, society, and history on Substack and has delved into subjects such as the historical evolution of kanji readings. He is preparing to take the Kanji Kentei Level 2 exam, with the Level 1 exam potentially on the horizon. Check out “Roido Does Japan” on Substack: On the agenda The intention of this conversation was to move beyond typical advice about learning Japanese. We discussed Lloyd’s learning approach, effective versus ineffective methods, the differences between formal study and immersion, and how living in Japan improved his Japanese. We also explored the role of “easy Japanese” (やさしい日本語)—what it is, who it’s intended for, and how it fits into communication and language learning. Then, we took a deep dive into kanji: why Lloyd finds them fascinating, how he studies them, what the Kanji Kentei demands, and whether pursuing extremely advanced literacy has practical value. Finally, we considered the bigger question: What does serious Japanese proficiency allow you to understand about Japan that remains largely inaccessible in English? Key takeaways * Make Japanese part of your life, not just a subject you study: Lloyd’s central advice is immersion. Find something about Japan or the Japanese language that you genuinely enjoy. Then, incorporate as much Japanese into your everyday life as possible: books, news, YouTube, podcasts, television, friendships, and classes, if available. His own progression accelerated when Japanese stopped feeling like “study” and became the language through which he did things he already wanted to do. * Combine immersion with systematic repetition: Exposure alone is not enough. Lloyd maintains a vocabulary deck of roughly 15,000 flashcards and uses spaced repetition (SRS) to reinforce words before they disappear from memory. His approach is twofold: first, encounter vocabulary naturally through reading and listening; then, deliberately reinforce it through flashcards. Neither approach works nearly as well by itself. * Tests are milestones, not the definition of proficiency: The Japanese Language Proficiency Test (JLPT・日本語能力試験) provides useful structure, motivation, and credentials, but Lloyd stresses its limitations—most notably, it does not test speaking or writing. Passing N1 does not mean that someone has “finished” learning Japanese. Learners who want to advance further face challenges such as the Kanji Kentei (日本漢字能力検定), which opens an entirely different level of mastery involving readings, writing, synonyms, antonyms, four-character compounds, and thousands of kanji. * At advanced levels, progress inevitably slows, so consistency matters more than dramatic gains: Beginners can see rapid improvement because almost everything they learn is new. Advanced learners encounter diminishing returns and periods when progress feels almost invisible. Lloyd’s useful rule is that “one is greater than zero”: reading one page, learning one word, or doing a small amount of Japanese is infinitely more productive than doing nothing. The objective is to maintain exposure rather than waiting for the motivation to undertake a major study session. * The real payoff from learning Japanese is access to people, relationships, and experiences that would otherwise be unavailable: Lloyd ultimately describes language as a tool rather than an academic achievement. When motivation wanes, he reconnects with the conversations and friendships that would not exist without Japanese. Greater proficiency progressively “unlocks” people, ideas, culture, history, and experiences that remain partly inaccessible through English alone. For Lloyd, this provides a more enduring reason to continue studying Japanese than passing another exam. Timeline Substack does not yet have the functionality to allow you to use a link to jump to a specific section like YouTube’s “chapters.” Please refer to the times listed below to navigate through our hour-long conversation. Thank you for your understanding. Links * Substack: * LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lloyd-d-allen/ * Kobe University Interdisciplinary Master Program (KIMAP): https://www.group.kobe-u.ac.jp/kimap/ * AJATT | All Japanese All The Time: https://alljapanesealltheti.me/blog/index.html * Spaced Repetition System: https://www.bcu.ac.uk/exams-and-revision/best-ways-to-revise/spaced-repetition * Japanese.io (more about Spaced Repetition, etc.): https://www.japanese.io/ * INPEX Scholarship Foundation Scholar: https://www.studyinjapan.go.jp/en/search-for-scholarships/detail.php?lang=en&mid=5-00034519 * The New Colombo Plan (NCP) Scholarship Program: https://www.dfat.gov.au/people-to-people/new-colombo-plan/new-colombo-plan-scholarship-program * Background about the Kanji Kentei Exam (日本漢字能力検定): * Advice from Uskov Evgeny, a Russian native speaker who was able to pass the Kanji Kentei level 1: https://roshiajin.jp/ * Nihongo Kentei (日本語検定): https://www.nihongokentei.jp/ #LloydAllen #JapaneseLanguage #LanguageLearning #RealGaijin #リアル外人 ICYMI Please check this out! If you’ll be in Tokyo on Thursday evening, November 5, join Tim, Mark, and a small group of Japan-based Substack writers and readers for a meetup. Get your tickets before they sell out! If you found this post valuable, please click the ❤️ button and restack it. Restacking helps more than you’d think! Thanks! Thanks for reading Real Gaijin! This post is public so feel free to share it. Please note that you can subscribe to Real Gaijin for free. If you are so inclined, you can also purchase an annual subscription for a relatively small fee. However, I understand that even the lowest level of annual subscription allowed by Substack may seem too high for many. If you just want to buy a coffee for Real Gaijin (or maybe a green tea), you can also make a small donation here: https://buymeacoffee.com/realgaijin All levels of support - including just liking a particular article and/or leaving a comment - are very welcome. Thanks again for reading. While Real Gaijin lives in Substack, you can also find Real Gaijin on a few other platforms (listed in alphabetical order). https://www.instagram.com/real_gaijin_on_substack/ https://www.threads.net/@real_gaijin_on_substack https://www.tiktok.com/@real.gaijin https://x.com/Real_Gaijin_ https://www.youtube.com/@RealGaijin https://www.linkedin.com/in/mark-wilt-kennedy/ Get full access to Real Gaijin at realgaijin.substack.com/subscribe

  3. Sep 16

    ▶︎ AMA Podcast (S-02, E-25) with Tomomi Iwasaki, Japan country manager for a European beauty tech brand

    What does it take to build a foreign brand in Japan and serve as the liaison between global headquarters and the realities of the Japanese market? Real Gaijin typically showcases foreigners living and working in Japan, as well as individuals working closely with Japan from outside the country. Occasionally, however, we introduce Japanese nationals with an international background who have a proven track record of helping non-Japanese people interested in Japan. Today’s guest, Tomomi Iwasaki (岩崎ともみ), is just such a person. Plus, she brings a wealth of knowledge about building a foreign brand in Japan and being the hashi-watashi (橋渡し・bridge connector) between cultures. Who is she? Tomomi is a Japan-based business leader who has nearly two decades of experience in B2B sales, e-commerce, consumer products, retail, marketing, and country management. She offers a unique perspective on doing business in Japan. Tomomi started her career in B2B technology sales, collaborating with Japanese corporate clients on significant technology projects. She then transitioned to e-commerce consulting, advising hundreds of Japanese online merchants on sales and promotional strategies. Tomomi then made the move to the brand side, where she managed sales, marketing, e-commerce, and retail operations for an international consumer brand in Japan. She has also been responsible for digital marketing, logistics, customer support, membership programs, technology, and offline retail channels. As a senior country manager today, Tomomi operates at the intersection of global strategy and local execution. She serves as a bridge between an international headquarters and the realities of the Japanese market. Tomomi graduated from Waseda University’s School of International Liberal Studies and also studied at the University of Calgary in Canada. She is fluent in both Japanese and English. Her diverse professional experience in the Japanese market provides Tomomi with a valuable perspective: she has sold to Japanese corporations, advised Japanese e-commerce merchants, sold directly to Japanese consumers, and managed an international business in Japan. Tomomi generously shares her knowledge on the Japan Behind the Scenes Substack. Written in English, it is filled with practical tips on how to live and work effectively in Japan, from articles such as “The Secret Rules of Japanese Business Golf” to “Why LinkedIn Doesn’t Work in Japan.” On the agenda We had an ambitious agenda, but the intention was to take full advantage of the opportunity to learn from Tomomi’s firsthand experience. We discussed practical ways for foreign companies to enter the Japanese market, ranging from selling on Amazon and Rakuten to establishing an omni-channel presence and navigating the risk-averse nature of the Japanese retail sector. Tomomi also explained why personal connections often matter more than cold outreach and how Japanese consumers differ in their expectations. She described what it is really like to serve as the local country manager, bridging the gap between a foreign headquarters and Japanese customers, retailers, distributors, and business culture. Key takeaways * Japan rewards patience, relationships, and a long-term approach: Tomomi’s overarching message is that foreign companies should not expect immediate results from the Japanese market. New retail channels often start with small orders and gradually expand as the product gains popularity and attracts the attention of other retailers. Once relationships are established, however, Tomomi describes Japan as capable of producing unusually steady business. Partners are invested in long-term relationships, and strong word-of-mouth helps successful companies grow. * Relationships matter more than cold outreach: One of the biggest challenges for outsiders is that the Western strategy of connecting with strangers on LinkedIn, for example, and reaching out to them directly does not translate well to Japan. Tomomi stresses the importance of networking and personal introductions, arguing that connections are fundamental to finding employees, distributors, customers, and other business partners. For an entrepreneur starting with no Japanese network, she recommends working inside a Japanese company to understand the culture and begin building relationships. * Localization goes far beyond translation: Tomomi divides localization into two layers. The first layer is technical and includes regulatory requirements, translation, barcodes, and other necessities of selling in Japan. The second, more difficult layer is cultural. It involves determining how the product should be positioned and explained to Japanese consumers while complying with global brand policies. As a country manager, she spends a lot of time negotiating between what the global headquarters wants and what she believes will work locally. This includes seemingly small decisions, such as product colors and positioning toward Japan’s male beauty market. * In Japan, physical retail matters, even when almost all sales are online: Tomomi’s current business generates roughly 99% of its sales online. Yet, she considers a retail presence to be strategically important because Japanese consumers value physical touchpoints, and retailers can lend credibility to unfamiliar brands. Retailers typically minimize their risk by starting with small orders and expanding only after products demonstrate demand. Physical stores therefore serve as places to build trust, learn directly from customers, gain visibility, and potentially generate wider exposure, not simply as sales channels. * Don’t try to understand Japan entirely from your desk: Tomomi repeatedly emphasizes the importance of direct, local learning. When she needed to understand an unfamiliar market, she hired an experienced professional for just two hours and “asked everything”—advice that she still follows because important information often cannot be found online. Likewise, working on the floor at Japanese retailers provides her with insights into customers that e-commerce analytics cannot offer. Her practical advice for newcomers is to first understand the structure of the market—who the customers, distributors, partners, and gatekeepers are—before trying to sell to it. Timeline Substack does not yet have the functionality to allow you to use a link to jump to a specific section like YouTube’s “chapters.” Please refer to the times listed below to navigate through our hour-long conversation. Thank you for your understanding. Links * Japan Behind the Scenes Substack: * LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/tomomi-iwasaki-519922160/ * Eight (business card exchange application): https://8card.net/en/ * Note (essentially, the Japanese version of Substack): https://note.com/ * YouTrust: https://youtrust.jp/lp Technical issue Tomomi’s connection was fine, but for some reason, perhaps due to inclement weather, my video connection was compromised. The audio came through clearly. Sorry for this technical issue. #TomomiIwasaki #JapanBehindTheScenes #WorkingInJapan #RealGaijin #リアル外人 ICYMI Please check this out! If you’ll be in Tokyo on Thursday evening, November 5, join Tim, Mark, and a small group of Japan-based Substack writers and readers for a meetup. Get your tickets before they sell out! If you found this post valuable, please click the ❤️ button and restack it. Restacking helps more than you’d think! Thanks! Thanks for reading Real Gaijin! This post is public so feel free to share it. Please note that you can subscribe to Real Gaijin for free. If you are so inclined, you can also purchase an annual subscription for a relatively small fee. However, I understand that even the lowest level of annual subscription allowed by Substack may seem too high for many. If you just want to buy a coffee for Real Gaijin (or maybe a green tea), you can also make a small donation here: https://buymeacoffee.com/realgaijin All levels of support - including just liking a particular article and/or leaving a comment - are very welcome. Thanks again for reading. While Real Gaijin lives in Substack, you can also find Real Gaijin on a few other platforms (listed in alphabetical order). https://www.instagram.com/real_gaijin_on_substack/ https://www.threads.net/@real_gaijin_on_substack https://www.tiktok.com/@real.gaijin https://x.com/Real_Gaijin_ https://www.youtube.com/@RealGaijin https://www.linkedin.com/in/mark-wilt-kennedy/ Get full access to Real Gaijin at realgaijin.substack.com/subscribe

  4. Sep 4

    ▶︎ AMA Podcast (S-02, E-24) with Tim Romero, a Tokyo-based innovator, author, entrepreneur, and host of the Disrupting Japan podcast

    What happens when you come to Japan hoping to become a rock star, but end up becoming one of the most recognizable voices in Tokyo’s startup community? That’s the unlikely story of Tim Romero, who is, by the way, still very much of a “rock star” (intentional use of quotation marks). Who is he? Tim arrived in Japan in the late 1980s after being signed by a Japanese record company. His music career didn’t work out, but Japan did. Since then, he has founded and sold companies, invested in startups, worked inside major Japanese corporations, and become a leading chronicler of Japan’s entrepreneurial ecosystem. Tim is a Tokyo-based entrepreneur, investor, mentor, and the founder and host of Disrupting Japan, which explores Japan’s startup and innovation ecosystem. 🎂 In fact, this week marks the 12th anniversary of the show, making it the longest-running podcast in English from Japan. Congratulations, Tim! Real Gaijin can learn a lot from him. Tim’s career includes founding and selling Vanguard, bringing Engine Yard to Japan, working on innovation at TEPCO, where he helped to establish their first corporate venture capital fund (CVC), leading Google for Startups Japan, and joining JERA Ventures as a partner. This gives Tim a unique perspective. He has watched Tokyo’s startup scene evolve from the dot-com era to the current government-backed initiative to establish Japan as a global startup hub. On the agenda During our wide-ranging discussion, we covered the following topics: * Tim’s unconventional journey to Japan and the successes and failures that shaped his entrepreneurial career; * Tim’s advice for aspiring founders; * Tokyo’s startup ecosystem; and * Tim’s prognosis about where he thinks Japan’s startup ecosystem is headed. Key takeaways * Japan’s startup ecosystem has matured significantly: Japan is now a much better place to start a business than it was when Tim entered the ecosystem in the late 1990s. Venture capital is more plentiful, and M&A and IPO exits are more viable. Perhaps most importantly, large Japanese corporations now actively seek relationships with startups. The old model, in which entrepreneurs trying to work with major corporations were pushed through layers of subcontractors, has largely given way to dedicated startup, innovation, and corporate venture capital (CVC) teams. * Foreign founders should understand Japan before trying to disrupt it: Tim strongly cautions foreigners against moving to Japan with an idea and immediately launching a company. The critical ingredient is proximity to—and understanding of—the customer. He recommends working inside a Japanese startup first to learn the market, build relationships, and identify the relatively small but consequential differences between Japan and other markets. Only then should they launch when a genuine opportunity emerges. Foreign founders must also demonstrate their ability to sell and operate in Japan. Having a capable Japanese co-founder can help solve this execution problem. * Japan’s next startup opportunity may come from commercializing its world-class science: Tim identifies physical AI, particularly the convergence of robotics and artificial intelligence, along with biotech and materials science, as especially promising areas. More consequentially, he expects significant innovation to emerge from Japanese universities over the next five to ten years. Japan has long had world-class academic research, but it has struggled to commercialize it. A shift toward pairing researchers with professional managers and venture investors could finally unlock the intellectual property that has historically remained within universities instead of becoming scalable companies. * Founders must protect their product—and their company—from powerful corporate partners: Working with Japan’s major corporations creates opportunities, but it also poses a significant risk: allowing one customer or investor to dictate the startup’s direction. Tim particularly warns against endless customer-specific customization because every special feature creates a permanent maintenance burden and can eventually cause founders to lose control of their product. His practical rule is revealing: If several customers request the same feature, pay attention. If one customer wants something inconsistent with the product vision, founders should be prepared to stand their ground. * Japan does not lack capable entrepreneurs; it lacks Silicon Valley’s sense of urgency: Tim rejects the stereotype that Japanese founders are less entrepreneurial or risk-tolerant than their Silicon Valley counterparts. He describes their knowledge, capabilities, and tolerance for risk as “world-class.” The biggest remaining difference is speed. In San Francisco, a good idea may trigger action that afternoon. In Tokyo, the same idea may produce a meeting the following week. Japan does not necessarily need Silicon Valley’s hype and exaggerated claims. However, Tim believes that adopting more of its “let’s get it done now” mentality could strengthen the ecosystem. * Japan’s tighter Business Manager visa rules may cause unintended economic damage: Tim argues that the tougher requirements for foreign entrepreneurs should not be interpreted as a message that Japan no longer wants foreign founders. Rather, he describes the policy environment as fragmented, with different ministries and agencies pursuing separate objectives without effective coordination. The result can be rules that appear rational in isolation but contradictory when combined. In the case of the Business Manager visa, this can mean excluding capable would-be entrepreneurs who cannot meet the higher capital threshold, even though they could build viable businesses and contribute to Japan’s economy. Timeline Substack does not yet have the functionality to allow you to use a link to jump to a specific section like YouTube’s “chapters.” Please refer to the times listed below to navigate through our hour-long conversation. Thank you for your understanding. Links * Substack: * Website: https://www.disruptingjapan.com/ * LinkedIn (Tim): https://www.linkedin.com/in/timromero/ * LinkedIn (Disrupting Japan podcast): https://www.linkedin.com/company/disrupting-japan-podcast/ * Shizen Capital (Matt Romaine and Mark Bivens, who were cited by Tim at around the 53-minute mark): https://shizen.vc/#/ #TimRomero #DisruptingJapan #StartUp #RealGaijin #リアル外人 ICYMI Please check this out! If you’ll be in Tokyo on Thursday evening, November 5, join Tim, Mark, and a small group of Japan-based Substack writers and readers for a meetup. Get your tickets before they sell out! If you found this post valuable, please click the ❤️ button and restack it. Restacking helps more than you’d think! Thanks! Thanks for reading Real Gaijin! This post is public so feel free to share it. Please note that you can subscribe to Real Gaijin for free. If you are so inclined, you can also purchase an annual subscription for a relatively small fee. However, I understand that even the lowest level of annual subscription allowed by Substack may seem too high for many. If you just want to buy a coffee for Real Gaijin (or maybe a green tea), you can also make a small donation here: https://buymeacoffee.com/realgaijin All levels of support - including just liking a particular article and/or leaving a comment - are very welcome. Thanks again for reading. While Real Gaijin lives in Substack, you can also find Real Gaijin on a few other platforms (listed in alphabetical order). https://www.instagram.com/real_gaijin_on_substack/ https://www.threads.net/@real_gaijin_on_substack https://www.tiktok.com/@real.gaijin https://x.com/Real_Gaijin_ https://www.youtube.com/@RealGaijin https://www.linkedin.com/in/mark-wilt-kennedy/ Get full access to Real Gaijin at realgaijin.substack.com/subscribe

  5. Aug 31

    🍻 Cheers to Everyone Who Joined the First-Ever “Beers with Real Gaijin”-- Let’s Talk Japan (S-01, E-01)

    🍻 Thank you to everyone who joined the first-ever “Beers with Real Gaijin” live stream on Sunday evening! What started as an experiment—an informal conversation without an agenda about recent Real Gaijin articles, Japan-related news, and whatever else was on your mind—turned into the kind of lively exchange I had hoped for. Key Takeaways While we enjoyed a wide-ranging discussion that included a review of several recently published Real Gaijin articles, the three main points to take away were probably the following: * Japan’s demographic crisis is no longer an abstract future problem; it is beginning to reshape the country now: The discussion repeatedly returns to the extraordinary contraction of Japan’s younger population and the implications of a shrinking domestic workforce. At the same time, the foreign-resident population is expected to comprise a substantially larger share of the country. The central point is that demographic change will affect virtually everything, including employment, regional economies, social services, immigration policy, and the everyday lives of Japanese nationals and foreign residents alike. Review this recent post for more background: * Japan’s labor shortage is forcing policymakers to make increasingly difficult trade-offs: Raising wages is necessary, but imposing a uniform national minimum wage could hurt rural small-to-medium-enterprises (SMEs) that are already struggling to find workers. The discussion instead argues for greater regional differentiation based on local wages and employers’ ability to pay. Meanwhile, the loosening of overtime guidelines illustrates the other side of the same problem. When Japan cannot find enough workers, existing employees may be asked to work more, increasing the risk of exploitation. This makes it particularly important for foreign workers to understand their employment rights and company work rules. Review these recent posts for more background. * Political and technological change may be coming from outside Japan’s traditional establishment: Team Mirai emerges as an example of a younger, more technocratic approach to Japanese politics. They advocate ideas such as electoral reform, AI-enabled “digital democracy,” and a more pragmatic approach to fiscal policy. While these proposals may have little immediate impact on foreign residents who cannot vote nationally, they are important indicators of whether Japan’s political system can modernize sufficiently to confront demographic decline, labor shortages, fiscal pressures, and other structural problems that affect everyone living in the country. Review this recent post for more background: 🍺 I’m already looking forward to the next “Beers with Real Gaijin” in September! The invitation will be sent out soon… 🎉 P.S. I look forward to meeting you in person at the upcoming “Japan Substackers IRL Meetup in Tokyo” on November 5, 2026, if you’re able to make it. For more information about this event, check out this post: #BeersWithRealGaijin #リアル外人と飲む #ResidentForeigners #RealGaijin #リアル外人 If you found this post valuable, please click the ❤️ button and restack it. Restacking helps more than you’d think! Thanks! Thanks for reading Real Gaijin! This post is public so feel free to share it. Please note that you can subscribe to Real Gaijin for free. If you are so inclined, you can also purchase an annual subscription for a relatively small fee. However, I understand that even the lowest level of annual subscription allowed by Substack may seem too high for many. If you just want to buy a coffee for Real Gaijin (or maybe a green tea), you can also make a small donation here: https://buymeacoffee.com/realgaijin All levels of support - including just liking a particular article and/or leaving a comment - are very welcome. Thanks again for reading. While Real Gaijin lives in Substack, you can also find Real Gaijin on a few other platforms (listed in alphabetical order). https://www.instagram.com/real_gaijin_on_substack/ https://www.threads.net/@real_gaijin_on_substack https://www.tiktok.com/@real.gaijin https://x.com/Real_Gaijin_ https://www.youtube.com/@RealGaijin https://www.linkedin.com/in/mark-wilt-kennedy/ Get full access to Real Gaijin at realgaijin.substack.com/subscribe

    🍻 Cheers to Everyone Who Joined the First-Ever “Beers with Real Gaijin”-- Let’s Talk Japan (S-01, E-01)
  6. Aug 19

    ▶︎ AMA Podcast (S-02, E-23) with Michael (“Mike”) Thuresson, author of the recently published Salarymanhood: The Illustrated Jokes of an American Salaryman in Tokyo

    If you have ever had the opportunity to live and work in Japan, Salarymanhood: The Illustrated Jokes of an American Salaryman in Tokyo will resonate with you. From office customs like VPs falling asleep during discussions they started to everyday life like accidentally buying funeral flowers on Valentine’s Day and dodging road-raged moms on e-bikes, it will all feel familiar. Building upon his past success with the Salaryman series, this week’s guest on the Real Gaijin AMA podcast, Michael (“Mike”) Thuresson, collaborated with Japanese manga artist Kazuhiro Yoshida (吉田一裕) who also goes by the pen name Kotobuki Maeno (前野コトブキ) to create illustrations from his sketches. Japanese stand-up comedian Meshida, famous for the WTF Japan!? The Japan Show, translated Mike’s stories into Japanese. The project evolved into an experiment in cross-cultural collaboration on multiple levels. The book is written in English senryū (川柳), a traditional Japanese form of short poetry consisting of just three lines and 17 syllables. It uses the same basic syllabic—or, more precisely, moraic—pattern as haiku (俳句): 5-7-5. While haiku poetry tends to reference nature, the seasons, and fleeting observations, senryū poetry focus on human nature, everyday life, social behavior, irony, and humor. Senryū poems often make wry observations about people’s habits or contradictions, making them the perfect genre for poking fun at Japan’s salaryman life. Who is he? Before moving to Tokyo and becoming a salaryman in 2008, Mike was a businessman in Los Angeles. His first book, The Salaryman: An American Dude Becomes a Tokyo White-Collar Warrior, A Memoir, was published in 2019 and called “thoroughly entertaining” by The Japan Times. His new book, Salarymanhood: The Illustrated Jokes of an American Salaryman in Tokyo, offers a distinctly Western perspective on Japan’s centuries-old senryū tradition, transforming the rituals, frustrations, and absurdities of Japanese working life into comic verse. On the agenda In addition to covering Mike’s initial path to Japan, we discussed the following as part of a rolling conversation: * The inspiration behind his books; * The ins and outs of self-publishing in Japan, from writing and illustration to production, distribution, and marketing; and * What’s next for the Salaryman universe, including new books, collaborations, and Mike’s plans for the future of the series. Key takeaways * An accidental journey into Japan became an 18-Year salaryman story: Mike did not arrive in Japan with a lifelong ambition to immerse himself in Japanese culture. It was a friendship with a Japanese college rugby teammate that led to his first visit around 2000, followed by work as a journalist and a business English teacher. After returning to the U.S., he moved back to Japan in 2008 and entered the traditional corporate world, going directly from the casual culture of a Los Angeles software startup to an old-line Japanese manufacturer, where he was the only foreigner in the office. This culture shock ultimately provided the material for his first book, The Salaryman: An American Dude Becomes a Tokyo White-Collar Warrior: A Memoir. * “Salarymanhood” finds humor in the culture gap rather than mocking Japan: The central idea behind Mike’s new book, Salarymanhood: The Illustrated Jokes of an American Salaryman in Tokyo, is that everyday Japanese corporate life can look radically different depending on your cultural perspective. His humor is deliberately self-deprecating rather than an attack on Japanese culture; the comedy stems from the often “unsolvable” gap between how a foreign employee interprets a situation and how Japanese colleagues interpret it. For example, he believed a customer meeting had been a disaster because a Japanese executive fell asleep. However, his colleagues told him that this indicated the customer was comfortable. This example perfectly encapsulates the premise. * Japanese senryū poetry provides the perfect vehicle for salaryman humor: Salarymanhood: The Illustrated Jokes of an American Salaryman in Tokyo grew out of Mike’s fascination with senryū, the traditional three-line poetic form that has long been used in Japan to capture the frustrations and absurdities of everyday life. Inspired by the long-running, annual Salaryman Senryū competition sponsored by the Dai-ichi Life Insurance firm in particular, Mike adapted the concept from a foreign salaryman’s perspective. The new book contains 50 bilingual jokes, each accompanied by manga artwork. This effectively combines a deeply Japanese form of expression with a Western perspective on Japanese working life. * Self-publishing has made professional book publishing accessible, but the author becomes the publisher: Drawing on his experience as an author and a former product manager for Amazon Kindle Direct Publishing, Mike maintains that writers can now perform most of the functions of a traditional publishing house themselves. Freelance marketplaces provide editing, cover design, interior design, and other specialized services. Print-on-demand eliminates the need to finance and warehouse inventory. The trade-off is that the independent author must assemble the production team and, most importantly, market and sell the finished book. By the way, it can be easier said than done to manage all the resources needed to turn your idea into a professional-looking book. Fortunately, Mike runs a side business that can manage the process for you. Visit his Memoir & Life Story Services website for more information. * AI can assist the creative process without replacing the creator: Mike draws a sharp distinction between using AI to create writing and using it as a production tool. He says he did not use AI to write Salarymanhood: The Illustrated Jokes of an American Salaryman in Tokyo, describing the actual writing as “sacred,” but he did use AI extensively to solve difficult design and layout problems for a highly visual, bilingual book. Otherwise, this work might have required an expensive professional designer. His approach offers a broader model for independent creators: preserve human authorship while using AI to reduce the cost and complexity of production, workflow, and other noneditorial tasks. Timeline Substack does not yet have the functionality to allow you to use a link to jump to a specific section like YouTube’s “chapters.” Please refer to the times listed below to navigate through our hour-long conversation. Thank you for your understanding. Links * Personal Website (includes links to his books): https://www.michaelthuresson.com/ * LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/michael-thuresson-a39735/ Not our first rodeo Mike and I, both sons of Chicago, have collaborated in the past. Back when he was still using his pen name, Michael Howard, I had the pleasure of reviewing his first book, The Salaryman: An American Dude Becomes a Tokyo White-Collar Warrior: A Memoir. The book is still very much relevant. From the archives… https://japaninsider.com/american-dude-becomes-salaryman/ #MichaelThuresson #Salarymanhood #JapanBusiness #RealGaijin #リアル外人 If you enjoyed this, click the ❤️ button and restack. Thanks for reading Real Gaijin! This post is public so feel free to share it. Please note that you can subscribe to Real Gaijin for free. If you are so inclined, you can also purchase an annual subscription for a relatively small fee. However, I understand that even the lowest level of annual subscription allowed by Substack may seem too high for many. If you just want to buy a coffee for Real Gaijin (or maybe a green tea), you can also make a small donation here: https://buymeacoffee.com/realgaijin All levels of support - including just liking a particular article and/or leaving a comment - are very welcome. Thanks again for reading. While Real Gaijin lives in Substack, you can also find Real Gaijin on a few other platforms (listed in alphabetical order). https://www.instagram.com/real_gaijin_on_substack/ https://www.threads.net/@real_gaijin_on_substack https://www.tiktok.com/@real.gaijin https://x.com/Real_Gaijin_ https://www.youtube.com/@RealGaijin https://www.linkedin.com/in/mark-wilt-kennedy/ Get full access to Real Gaijin at realgaijin.substack.com/subscribe

  7. Aug 14

    ▶︎ AMA Podcast (S-02, E-22) with David Wagner, author of 24 books on doing business in Japan and coach to more than 30,000 leaders on media, crisis, and business communications skills

    Have you ever wondered what it takes to command a room full of top-tier CEOs, advise government officials, and navigate Japan’s media landscape? Today, Real Gaijin was thrilled to welcome David Wagner, a veteran communications expert, media coach, and author who is a well-established fixture in Japan’s international business community. David has trained over 30,000 leaders, written multiple books on business communication, and hosted national television programs. He offers a masterclass in navigating, decoding, and succeeding at the highest levels of media communication. Who is he? Recognized as one of Asia’s premier authorities on media, crisis, and business communications, during his 30+ year career, David has coached over 30,000 trainees, including CEOs, presidents, ambassadors, and government officials, across the Asia-Pacific, Middle East, and North America. David has conducted over 4,000 workshops for over 550 global organizations, including Goldman Sachs, Oracle, Johnson & Johnson, Singapore Airlines, and Walmart. He has also lectured on business communications at institutions including Tokyo’s Waseda University. He is a former reporter for The Denver Post and a columnist for the Mainichi Daily News and The Daily Yomiuri. David was also the creator and host of two nationally televised three-month series on NHK focusing on international business skills. He is also the author of numerous books on Japan regarding business communications and cultural navigation, including Forever Foreign. On the agenda In addition to covering David’s initial path to Japan, we discussed the following as part of a rolling conversation: * The “Gaijin” Evolution: How foreign leadership and corporate integration in Japan have shifted over three decades. * Managing the Media & Crisis PR: Mastering Japanese media dynamics, executive presence, and high-stakes public messaging. * Cross-Cultural Communication: Bridging behavioral gaps to lead teams and persuade effectively in Japanese corporate environments. * Insights from the Top: Key lessons from coaching 30,000+ executives and interviewing successful foreign business leaders. Key takeaways * Cross-cultural success requires “style shifting” in both directions: David’s concept of “style shifting” applies to Japanese professionals working overseas and non-Japanese people working in Japan. Japanese mmanagers operating internationally may need to become more direct and explicit, as well as more individually oriented. Meanwhile, foreigners in Japan may need to adjust in the opposite direction, learning to work with indirect communication, hierarchy, consensus-building, silence, and other Japanese cultural norms. The point is not to abandon your personality or decide that one culture is “right.” Rather, it is to understand the environment well enough to modify your communication style deliberately so that you can operate effectively within it. * Respecting Japanese norms sometimes means knowing which battles not to fight: David illustrates this with a painful episode from his early career at Fuji Xerox. When company president Yotaro Kobayashi (小林陽太郎), a well-known business mogul, visited his department, the Japanese employees were invited to hear him speak. However, the foreign employees, who were hired to teach cross-cultural communication, were excluded. Furious, a young David wrote directly to the president’s office. The resulting investigation, he says, was a “witch hunt.” He was ostracized and ultimately felt compelled to resign. Decades later, David says he would handle the situation differently. Instead of trying to change the company, he would recognize that the environment was not right for him and leave. This experience taught him that succeeding in Japan requires understanding its cultural and organizational norms, as well as recognizing when confrontation is unlikely to produce the desired change. * In Japan, knowing what happens before the meeting can be more important than the meeting itself: David highlights nemawashi (根回し), or building consensus before a formal meeting, as a particularly important feature of Japanese business culture. This contrasts sharply with cultures in which participants expect debate and decision-making to occur during the meeting itself. He also mentions hierarchy, indirect communication, silence, and nonverbal cues as elements that foreigners must learn to interpret rather than simply applying their home country’s business norms. * Effective media communication is about controlling the message, not saying more: David’s decades of media and crisis training have led him to a deceptively simple principle: executives generally talk too much. Effective communicators identify a few key messages, repeat them consistently, and avoid allowing an interview or press conference to derail them. Delivery matters too—pace, body language, visual presentation, and cultural appropriateness can determine whether the intended message actually reaches its audience. * In a crisis, speed, honesty, and transparency matter more than ritualized contrition: David is skeptical of what he calls the “empty bow”—the highly visible corporate apology that appears disconnected from genuine accountability. He argues that Japan’s consensus-driven decision-making process can become a liability during a crisis because organizations may take too long to formulate a response. Crisis management requires taking control quickly, communicating transparently, and acknowledging mistakes instead of allowing internal deliberation to create a communications vacuum. Timeline Substack does not yet have the functionality to allow you to use a link to jump to a specific section like YouTube’s “chapters.” Please refer to the times listed below to navigate through our hour-long conversation. Thank you for your understanding. Links * Personal Website (includes a list of his books): https://www.smashwords.com/profile/view/davidwagner * LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/david-wagner-a9900317/ * Information about Igor Prusa, author of Scandal in Japan: Transgression, Performance and Ritual #DavidWagner #BusinessCommunicationsJapan #CrossCulturalCommunication #RealGaijin #リアル外人 If you enjoyed this, click the ❤️ button and restack. Thanks for reading Real Gaijin! This post is public so feel free to share it. Please note that you can subscribe to Real Gaijin for free. If you are so inclined, you can also purchase an annual subscription for a relatively small fee. However, I understand that even the lowest level of annual subscription allowed by Substack may seem too high for many. If you just want to buy a coffee for Real Gaijin (or maybe a green tea), you can also make a small donation here: https://buymeacoffee.com/realgaijin All levels of support - including just liking a particular article and/or leaving a comment - are very welcome. Thanks again for reading. While Real Gaijin lives in Substack, you can also find Real Gaijin on a few other platforms (listed in alphabetical order). https://www.instagram.com/real_gaijin_on_substack/ https://www.threads.net/@real_gaijin_on_substack https://www.tiktok.com/@real.gaijin https://x.com/Real_Gaijin_ https://www.youtube.com/@RealGaijin https://www.linkedin.com/in/mark-wilt-kennedy/ Get full access to Real Gaijin at realgaijin.substack.com/subscribe

  8. Aug 8

    ▶︎ AMA Podcast (S-02, E-21) with Arie Meir, PhD, x-Google product leader and computer scientist on leaving the corporate world and career reinvention

    What happens when someone leaves a successful career at one of the world’s most acclaimed tech companies to trade a major, global city for a quieter life in the countryside, leveraging their experience to develop the next stage of their career? In an era of aging populations, labor shortages, and rural decline reshaping Japan, these personal choices provide a unique perspective on some of the most pressing issues of our time. Today, the Real Gaijin AMA podcast welcomes the perfect guest to discuss reinventing your life across careers, communities, and countries. Who is he? Meet Arie Meir, a computer scientist and a UC Berkeley-trained biophysicist with a Ph.D. He is one of the few AI leaders whose career spans both Silicon Valley and the healthcare industry. Prior to spending over a decade developing AI products at Google, Arie held engineering leadership positions at GE Healthcare, where he worked on advanced medical technologies, and at Qualcomm, where he developed large-scale software platforms. Currently, Arie advises healthcare organizations, startups, and executive teams on integrating artificial intelligence into clinical and business operations—all from a new base in the mountains to the north of Tokyo. On the agenda In addition to covering Arie’s initial path to Japan (which is quite a story on its own), we discussed his bold decision to leave the corporate world and the “mothership” of Google, deciding to relocate from central Tokyo to the Japanese countryside, and the ins and outs of navigating between multiple cultures and countries. Key takeaways * Treat major life changes as experiments, not leaps of faith: Arie’s philosophy is to test before committing. Before leaving Google, he took mini-sabbaticals to see if greater independence would make him happier and more productive. Arie applied essentially the same method to leaving Tokyo: rent a house, experience ordinary life, talk with locals, document what works and what doesn’t (+ search for hidden patterns with AI tools), and only then make a larger commitment. His broader lesson is that seemingly radical change can be approached systematically by turning uncertainty into a series of manageable experiments. * Leaving a successful career means giving up an identity, not just a paycheck: After 11 years at Google, Arie discovered that leaving the “mothership” entailed a profound psychological transition. Being a “Googler” had become part of his identity, social network, and sense of belonging. This led to the unsettling question: “If I’m not a Googler, who am I now?” Arie’s experience suggests that anyone contemplating a major career transition should prepare not only for the financial consequences but also for the loss of structure, status, community, and professional identity that may accompany it. * Technology matters when it solves a real human or business problem: Although Arie describes himself as an “AI nerd” (notice his shirt), his career philosophy is problem-first rather than technology-first. His early experience at GE Healthcare showed him that engineering and software could directly improve people’s lives. This eventually led him to Google Cloud Healthcare, where he became the first product manager on the healthcare team. Today, Arie’s consulting work focuses on translating business problems into appropriate technological solutions rather than adopting AI simply because it is fashionable. * Japan’s demographic problems create an important laboratory for technology: Arie finds the intersection of healthcare, AI, and Japan particularly compelling. An aging population, a declining birthrate, and a shortage of healthcare providers increase the need for technological solutions. Meanwhile, aspects of Japanese society may make certain technologies easier to deploy. His example of robotic servers (as in replacements for human waiters and waitresses) in “family restaurants” in Japan illustrates a larger point: demographic necessity combined with social acceptance could make Japan an important proving ground for automation and other technologies designed to compensate for labor shortages. * Rural Japan can offer an alternative to big-city life, but integration matters: Arie’s move away from Tokyo was not simply a search for cheaper housing or prettier scenery. He emphasizes that rural communities can differ dramatically even at the neighborhood (shūraku・集落) level and that newcomers need to integrate rather than merely relocate. His preference for Nasushiobara, one of the summer retreats of the Japanese Imperial Family, emerged through repeated visits and experimentation rather than a checklist alone—an instructive example of how remote work can expand lifestyle choices while still requiring careful attention to family needs, infrastructure, community, and everyday quality of life. Timeline Substack does not yet have the functionality to allow you to use a link to jump to a specific section like YouTube’s “chapters.” Please refer to the times listed below to navigate through our hour-long conversation. Thank you for your understanding. Links * Personal Website: https://ariemeir.com/ * LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/ariemeir/ #ArieMeir #CareerReinvention #キャリアの再構築 #RealGaijin #リアル外人 If you enjoyed this, click the ❤️ button and restack. Thanks for reading Real Gaijin! This post is public so feel free to share it. Please note that you can subscribe to Real Gaijin for free. If you are so inclined, you can also purchase an annual subscription for a relatively small fee. However, I understand that even the lowest level of annual subscription allowed by Substack may seem too high for many. If you just want to buy a coffee for Real Gaijin (or maybe a green tea), you can also make a small donation here: https://buymeacoffee.com/realgaijin All levels of support - including just liking a particular article and/or leaving a comment - are very welcome. Thanks again for reading. While Real Gaijin lives in Substack, you can also find Real Gaijin on a few other platforms (listed in alphabetical order). https://www.instagram.com/real_gaijin_on_substack/ https://www.threads.net/@real_gaijin_on_substack https://www.tiktok.com/@real.gaijin https://x.com/Real_Gaijin_ https://www.youtube.com/@RealGaijin https://www.linkedin.com/in/mark-wilt-kennedy/ Get full access to Real Gaijin at realgaijin.substack.com/subscribe

About

A podcast that explains Japan’s business, culture, economy, and foreign-resident experience through real stories and in-depth conversations. Real Gaijin explores the real Japan — the people, places, and ideas shaping the future of the country. From Kyushu to Tokyo, we dive deep into Japan’s economy, work culture, entrepreneurship, immigration, tourism, and the lived experience of foreign residents who call Japan home. Hosted by Mark Kennedy, Real Gaijin blends reporting, storytelling, and candid conversations with founders, innovators, creators, and community leaders who see Japan with clear eyes. No clichés. No anime filter. Just honest stories and informed perspectives on how Japan is changing — and what comes next. What we cover: Life and work as a foreign resident in Japan Japan’s business culture and entrepreneurial ecosystem Regional revitalization, demographic change, and local communities Inbound tourism, immigration, and policy shifts Economic and cultural trends reshaping modern Japan Deep dives into Kyushu, Fukuoka, Tokyo, and other regions Whether you live in Japan, dream of moving here, invest in Japanese markets, or are fascinated by the country’s complexities, Real Gaijin offers insights you won’t find anywhere else. Keywords (English): Japan, Japanese culture, Japanese business, Japan economy, Japan work culture, entrepreneurship Japan, foreigners in Japan, expat Japan, living in Japan, immigration Japan, regional revitalization, Kyushu, Fukuoka, Tokyo, Osaka, Japan startups, Japan travel, Japanese society. 日本語キーワード(検索向け): 日本、日本文化、日本社会、日本経済、日本の働き方、外人、外国人、在日外国人、移住、地方創生、地方移住、九州、福岡、東京、大阪、観光、起業、スタートアップ、地域活性化。 realgaijin.substack.com

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