🎯 Building a product has never been cheaper. Seth Spergel thinks that changes what decides who wins. He has sold most of his first fund’s portfolio, and two of those companies went to Palo Alto in the same week. His view is that agentic coding has brought the cost of building down so far that the product on its own rarely settles anything anymore. What tends to settle it is who gets out in front of the market first, raises the money, and buys enough runway to build the rest. He points to the CSPM market as the clearest recent example, and most of this conversation comes back to that idea in one way or another. 🎙️ What to expect in this episode: • Why Israel keeps producing cyber startups and most countries don’t. It comes down to people leaving service as a cohort, older founders mentoring the next intake, and a handful of seed funds set up for exactly that stage • Money is cheap for the best companies, so the question to ask before you sign a term sheet should go to the VC’s portfolio founders rather than the VC • The traction slide that worries him. When every early customer turns out to be the founder’s neighbour, uncle or dad’s old roommate, he wants to see whether they can sell somewhere nobody knows them • Why the seed round in Neo Security was really a bet on Nick Warner, who took SentinelOne from around $5M to a $500M IPO and Cylance from nothing to $200M and a billion-plus sale • Nobody running a security team is going to buy ten separate AI security products. His take on where consolidation lands, and why every startup still needs to win one entry point first • When to make the first go-to-market hire. His answer is months in, not at Series A, even if you have to pay them a draw because there is nothing to sell yet • Government being ten years behind industry is a myth in cyber. The intelligence agencies adopt security tech earlier than most companies, and what he calls the Sunday Monday problem is what actually costs them people • The Dig Security story. A quarter of a room of CISOs asked to meet the founder, he tracked competitors’ hiring by role, and when he was nudged towards AI security, Palo Alto later cited it as a reason for buying the company • The Mom Test. Why asking “Do you like it?” gets you polite lies, and what to ask instead 👤 About Seth: • Managing Partner at Merlin Ventures, a seed-stage cybersecurity fund he started in 2018. He is based in Washington, D.C., and his partner Shay Michel runs a team of seven in Tel Aviv. The fund backs early-stage Israeli cyber companies and helps them break into the US • The first fund made around 15 or 16 investments between 2018 and 2024 and has sold most of them, including Dig Security and Talon, which Palo Alto Networks bought in the same week. Merlin also led Torq’s Series D. In late 2024, he raised an $85M seed fund with outside LPs and has backed eight companies from it so far, including Neo Security alongside Andreessen Horowitz and Craft • Before Merlin, he was at In-Q-Tel, the venture arm the CIA set up to work with the intelligence agencies. Before that, he was VP of Engineering at ThinkGeek and took it through its IPO, after more than ten years at IBM in development and sales management Merlin runs a community of several hundred CISOs and an annual event in Denver, Merlin Safari, which had 150 people and around 70 CISOs this year. 🔗 Seth Spergel: https://www.linkedin.com/in/sethspergel/ 🏢 Merlin Ventures: https://www.linkedin.com/company/merlinvc/ 👤 Jack Brandwood: https://lnkd.in/dFMyDUEN 🎧 Spotify: https://lnkd.in/eij7j2m 📲 On Security LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/onsecuritypodcast/