Solve for X: Innovations to Change the World

MaRS Discovery District
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Solve for X uncovers what’s next. Join journalist Manjula Selvarajah as she dives into the latest tech innovations shaping our world. How are satellites revolutionizing the fight against climate change? Could music be the medicine we need? What will it take for Canada to lead the global tech scene and achieve a zero-emission future? Discover the answers to these questions and more in the next season of Solve for X.

  1. Infinity quest: Is the hubris of tech billionaires endangering the planet?

    JAN 29

    Infinity quest: Is the hubris of tech billionaires endangering the planet?

    There’s no denying that technology plays — and will continue to play — a critical role in addressing the climate crisis. But could super-intelligent AI actually solve the problem for us, as several tech billionaires claim? Or is this over-reliance on speculative technology simply a way to distract us from tackling big, real-world problems. Manjula Selvarajah sits down with astrophysicist and author Adam Becker to separate the hype from reality.  Featured in this episode:  Adam Becker is an astrophysicist, journalist and the author of More Everything Forever, a book that examines the futuristic ideologies of Silicon Valley’s tech titans. He is a former science journalism fellow at the Santa Fe Institute and was also a science communicator in residence at the Simons Institute for the Theory of Computing at UC Berkeley. Marcius Extavour is a scientist, creative technologist and communicator who develops solutions for climate change and clean energy. As a partner at Ode, a technology and creative design firm specializing in geospatial AI. He previously built the energy, climate and carbon removal practice at XPRIZE. Further reading:  Silicon Valley is at an inflection point Tech oligarchs are gambling our future on a fantasy  Travelling to Mars and beating death: The futurist creed of tech’s apostles   More Everything Forever  Subscribe to Solve for X: Innovations to Change the World here. And below, find a transcript to “Infinity quest.” Solve for X is brought to you by MaRS, North America’s largest urban innovation hub and a registered charity. MaRS supports startups and accelerates the adoption of high-impact solutions to some of the world’s biggest challenges. For more information, visit marsdd.com.

    43 min

  2. 12/18/2025 · BONUS

    The grid: Is it time to rethink our power systems? (Replay)

    Our energy grid is something most of us only think about when it isn’t working. But growing demand for electricity is placing an even greater strain on a system that’s already facing increased pressure from extreme weather events. Can we build a more sustainable and dependable grid? In this episode, which originally aired September 2022, we explore how when it comes to climate change the challenge of greening the grid is as much an issue of complex engineering as it is about policy and equity.  Featured in this episode: Josh Wong is the former CEO of Opus One Solutions, which was acquired by General Electric. In 2024, Josh founded a new company called ThinkLabsAI and is developing software that will help utilities to integrate renewable sources of energy and improve grid resilience.Destenie Nock is an assistant professor at Carnegie Mellon University who specializes in public policy, civil and environmental engineering. She’s an expert on how our changing climate is impacting the grid, and what that means for the future. Focusing on energy equity, Destenie explains what’s important to consider in our transition to clean energy.Dana Tizya-Tramm is the former chief of the Vuntut Gwitchin First Nation in Old Crow, Yukon. Dana helped establish the Old Crow Solar Project — shifting the northern remote community off diesel to renewables. Through his efforts, Old Crow is making inroads toward energy sovereignty. He is now the director of Nadlii and is working on developing a framework for Indigenous data sovereignty and ethical AI.Further reading:  2021 placed exceptional demands on electricity markets around the worldRenewable Energy Is Great—but the Grid Can Slow It DownGlobal heat waves are so bad that utilities are paying their customers to use less energy“Nation-building” investments in electricity grid needed to reach net-zero, experts sayHow Old Crow’s solar farm is changing green energy projects in Yukon | CBC NewsSubscribe to Solve for X: Innovations to Change the World here Solve for X is brought to you by MaRS, North America’s largest urban innovation hub and a registered charity. MaRS supports startups and accelerates the adoption of high-impact solutions to some of the world’s biggest challenges. For more information, visit marsdd.com.

    28 min
  3. Power to the people: How solar energy — cheap, plentiful and available everywhere — is poised to change the world

    11/27/2025

    Power to the people: How solar energy — cheap, plentiful and available everywhere — is poised to change the world

    As you may have heard, solar energy is having a moment. Thanks to several technological breakthroughs, it’s now the cheapest form of energy generation in most places on Earth. This past summer, for the first time ever, it became the EU’s main source of electricity, and many other parts of the world — Pakistan, Nigeria and most famously, China — are likewise in the midst of a solar boom of astonishing speed and scale. In this episode, experts weigh in on the social, political and economic implications of this revolutionary energy shift — and the complicated way that Canada fits into it all. Featured in this episode: Sara Hastings-Simon is an associate professor in the department of Earth, Energy and Environment and an assistant professor in the School of Public Policy. Her work focuses on understanding how low-carbon energy transitions happen within different sectors of the economy, constrained by existing infrastructure and business models, and how policy response can improve outcomes. She also hosts, alongside David Keith and Ed Whittingham, the live webinar and podcast Energy vs Climate. Mike Andrade is the chairman and CEO of Morgan Solar, a Toronto company whose products improve the performance of solar projects and the energy efficiency of buildings. A former executive at IBM and a founding member of Celestica, he’s also an investor and advisor to several other companies, a member of the Council of Canadian Innovators and a board member of the Next Generation Manufacturing Supercluster. Chris Caners is general manager at SolarShare, a renewable energy co-op in Ontario. He’s also a consultant who advises organizations on climate, energy efficiency and sustainability. Thomas Timmins leads the Canadian energy sector practice at Gowling WLG in Toronto. He specializes in helping clients navigate opportunities in the global energy transition. Deb Chachra is a professor of engineering at Olin College and the author of How Infrastructure Works: Inside the Systems That Shape our World.  Further reading: • Seizing the moment of opportunity • Free electricity. Like, at no cost. For everyone. Now. • Pakistan’s solar boom • There’s a race to power the future. China is pulling away • What if Canada invested in solar energy? • The solar rush Subscribe to Solve for X: Innovations to Change the World here. And below, find a transcript to “Power to the People.”  Solve for X is brought to you by MaRS, North America’s largest urban innovation hub and a registered charity. MaRS supports startups and accelerates the adoption of high-impact solutions to some of the world’s biggest challenges. For more information, visit marsdd.com.

    48 min
  4. Solve for X S4 Trailer

    SEASON 4 TRAILER

    Solve for X S4 Trailer

    Get ready for Solve for X season four! Join journalist Manjula Selvarajah as she goes behind the hype and headlines to make sense of how new technologies are reshaping our world. This season we learn about the solar revolution, robot dexterity, a device that zaps forever chemicals and more. Subscribe and listen beginning November 27. Solve for X is brought to you by MaRS, North America’s largest urban innovation hub and a registered charity. MaRS supports startups and accelerates the adoption of high-impact solutions to some of the world’s biggest challenges. For more information, visit marsdd.com.

    2 min
  5. It’s different all over: Embracing the complexity of human biology

    09/18/2025 · BONUS

    It’s different all over: Embracing the complexity of human biology

    By uncovering critical sex-based differences related to brain and metabolic health, researchers Gillian Einstein and Minna Woo are making the case that tailored interventions are key to improving health outcomes for women — and everyone else. Through their work exploring how conditions from Alzheimer’s to kidney disease can have varied effects depending on a patient’s sex, they underscore what the medical community as a whole can learn from experts in women’s health: Things aren’t as simple as we want to believe. In this bonus episode, recorded live on May 8, 2025, at the MaRS Impact Health Conference, Einstein and Woo discuss the complexity of biology, the challenges of funding and why they’re optimistic that things are changing. Featured in this episode: Gillian Einstein is the Wilfred and Joyce Posluns Chair in Women’s Brain Health and Aging and a psychology professor of psychology at the University of Toronto. She’s also an adjunct scientist at Baycrest and Women’s College Hospitals, and an honorary doctor of medicine at Linköping University, Sweden. Her lab’s current focus is on estradiol loss as well as how stigma and immigration affect memory and cognition in diverse populations of women. Minna Woo is currently the director of the Banting and Best Diabetes Centre at the University of Toronto and recently completed a 10-year term as division director of endocrinology and metabolism at the Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network (UHN). She now holds the Ajmera Chair in Molecular Diabetes Research at the Toronto General Hospital Research Institute and is a clinician scientist and a staff endocrinologist providing diabetes and endocrine care at UHN. Her laboratory focuses on molecular mechanisms that determine the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and related diseases. She has published more than 100 research articles and her research is internationally recognized as a member elect of the American Society of Clinical Investigation. Katherine Ward is an award-winning journalist currently working with Global News in Toronto. She joined the team in 2018 and has covered a wide range of stories taking her all over Ontario. This year, Ward was also part of an investigative team that exposed the prevalence of lead contamination in drinking water. “Tainted Water” went on to win a national award with Canada’s Radio Television Digital News Association. Further reading:  • From body to brain: Understanding how sex and gender contribute to brain health as we age • More women get Alzheimer’s than men. It may not just be because they live longer • Sleep quality and the menstrual cycle • Breaking down sex and gender barriers in search of precision medicine • Canada accelerates diabetes research Subscribe to Solve for X: Innovations to Change the World here.  Solve for X is brought to you by MaRS, North America’s largest urban innovation hub and a registered charity. MaRS supports startups and accelerates the adoption of high-impact solutions to some of the world’s biggest challenges. For more information, visit marsdd.com.

    20 min
  6. Cold comfort: How to keep cool without destroying the planet

    07/17/2025

    Cold comfort: How to keep cool without destroying the planet

    The hotter it gets outside, the more we use air conditioning, and the more we use air conditioning, the hotter it gets. AC units and refrigeration combined adds up to 10 percent of global greenhouse gas emissions. But how can we solve this cooling paradox? Building on last episode’s conversation with the UN’s global chief heat officer, host Manjula Selvarajah meets the experts harnessing novel innovations to keep cities and people cool — from massive infrastructure projects using ice-cold lake water to microscopic solutions to get rid of that sticky, sweltering humidity.  David MacMillan is a manager in the City of Toronto’s Environment, Climate and Forestry division. He and his team are focused on planning for low-carbon development and energy systems, which includes implementing the Toronto Green Standard, which aims for net-zero new buildings by 2028, and renewable energy programs such as SolarTO and Wastewater Energy.   Cameron Leitch is the director of solutions and innovations at Enwave Energy Corporation, which oversees the largest deep lake water cooling (DLWC) project in the world. Pulling near-freezing water from the depths of Lake Ontario, this massive infrastructure system provides alternative cooling to more than 100 buildings in downtown Toronto, including arenas, condos, offices, data centres and hospitals — a clean energy initiative that has been recognized by the United Nations.  Evelyn Allen is the co-founder of Evercloak, a Waterloo-based company that has developed graphene oxide membranes that helps to dehumidify air before it reaches AC and HVAC units, significantly reducing the energy and refrigerants needed to cool a space. The company is currently part of the Mission from MaRS: Better Buildings Adoption Accelerator program.  Daniel A. Barber is a professor of architecture and the environment at Eindhoven University of Technology in the Netherlands. Barber’s research and work focuses on how changing temperatures have altered our built environment, and how architects can help adapt to the climate crisis. At architecture symposium Biennale Venice, his interactive installation, “Terms and Conditions,” allowed participants to experience the stifling effects of the waste heat that air conditioning units produce.  Further reading:  Air conditioning poses a climate conundrumToronto company using lake water to cool buildings expands systemToronto is home to the world’s largest lake-powered cooling system. Here’s how it works.Air conditioners fuel the climate crisis. Can nature help?How to build an AC that will get the world through hotter summersA rebuke to Modernism: the Venice Architecture Biennale imagines new ways of building to cope with climate changeSubscribe to Solve for X: Innovations to Change the World here. . Solve for X is brought to you by MaRS, North America’s largest urban innovation hub and a registered charity. MaRS supports startups and accelerates the adoption of high-impact solutions to some of the world’s biggest challenges. For more information, visit marsdd.com.

    27 min
  7. Heat warning: Are we ready for a hotter climate?

    06/24/2025

    Heat warning: Are we ready for a hotter climate?

    Extreme heat waves are anything but normal, but they’re quickly becoming the new reality. The 10 hottest years on record have all happened in the last decade. And because temperatures in urban centres can be 10 to 15 degrees Celsius higher than surrounding areas, cities can be dangerous places to be when the mercury rises — particularly for the elderly, those with pre-exisiting health conditions as well as poorer populations who lack access to air conditioning. “Heat has a way of going through the city and finding those who are the weakest,” says Eleni Myrivili, the United Nations’ global heat officer. “It’s a very unfair climate condition.” In this episode, we explore the growing risk posed by heat and what could help us adapt to a hotter world.  Eleni Myrivili is the United Nation’s first-ever global chief heat officer. An anthropologist by training, Myrivili understands how heat waves discriminate against older, less-wealthy and under-served demographics. Before being named to her UN post in 2022, Myrivili was Athens’ heat officer, where she coordinated the capital’s response to heat waves and helped renovate an ancient Roman aqueduct to bring water into the city. Further reading:  What will it take to save our cities from a scorching futureEarth’s 10 hottest years on record are the last 10Extreme heat is deadlier than hurricanes, floods and tornadoes combinedHeat inequality ‘causing thousands of unreported deaths in poor countries’The heat crisis is a housing crisisAncient civilizations countered extreme heat. Here’s what cities borrow from historyToronto's getting hotter. Experts say a chief heat officer could help the city adaptArchitects turning to India’s lattice-building designs to keep buildings cool without air conditioning How India’s lattice buildings cool without air conditioningAthen’s answer to a water supply crunch: an ancient aqueduct  Solve for X is brought to you by MaRS, North America’s largest urban innovation hub and a registered charity. MaRS supports startups and accelerates the adoption of high-impact solutions to some of the world’s biggest challenges. For more information, visit marsdd.com.

    34 min
  8. Regrowth strategy: To adapt to a changing climate, restoring nature is critical. But do we have the seeds we need?

    05/29/2025

    Regrowth strategy: To adapt to a changing climate, restoring nature is critical. But do we have the seeds we need?

    A quarter of Canada’s trees are at risk, and upwards of a million species around the world face extinction in the decades to come. Restoring nature is essential to survival — it can make communities more resilient to climate change, it can regrow areas destroyed by increasingly intense wildfires and it can help reduce atmospheric carbon. But repairing ecosystems is not as simple as planting seeds. In this special episode, experts weigh in on restoration efforts, the global seed storage and why there’s such a thing as planting too many trees.  Featured in this episode:  Martina Albert is a technician with the National Tree Seed Centre, based in Fredericton, N. B. The NTSC’s library holds more than 13,000 seed collections, with the purpose of protecting them from invasive pests, disease and climate change. Albert works on the Centre’s Indigenous Seed Collection Program, working with First Nations communities to collect and preserve tree seeds for generations to come.  Blaine Pearson is the CEO of Seedark, a climate tech venture that is working to modernize the global supply chain of seeds. Its app, Squirrel, connects growers and reforestation experts with seed collectors, while digitally tracking where seeds are coming from. Pearson has more than 20 years of entrepreneurial experience, focusing on harmonizing the application of technology with environmental protection, and is currently part of the RBC Women in Cleantech Accelerator.  Faisal Moola is an associate professor in the department of geography, environment and geomatics at the University of Guelph. Moola oversees research on the ecology and ethnoecology of cultural keystone species with Indigenous Peoples here in Canada and around the world.  Jim Robb is the general manager of the Friends of the Rouge Watershed. The organization partners with communities and volunteers to protect and restore ecosystems, with a focus on Rouge National Urban Park. Robb helps organize nature walks, community planting events and educational programming to inspire the next generation of ecological stewards.  D’Amour Walker is the assistant project coordinator at Friends of the Rouge Watershed, where she ensures trees, shrubs and plants are in healthy condition as part of the reforestation and ecosystem restoration efforts.  Further reading:  Saving nature: WWF study highlights the best places for ecological restoration in CanadaWanted: tree seeds. National seed centre in Fredericton collecting samplesIndigenous Seed Collection Program begins cross-country journey in FrederictonWe need native seeds in order to respond to climate change, but there aren’t enoughWhy Indigenous peoples are raising the alarm on carbon trading at UN climate summitGrasslands store tons of carbon — and there’s a movement to protect themBiodiversity or bust? Here’s what happened at COP16What you need to know about nature-based solutions to climate changeSubscribe to Solve for X: Innovations to Change the World here.  Solve for X is brought to you by MaRS, North America’s largest urban innovation hub and a registered charity. MaRS supports startups and accelerates the adoption of high-impact solutions to some of the world’s biggest challenges. For more information, visit marsdd.com.

    34 min
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Solve for X uncovers what’s next. Join journalist Manjula Selvarajah as she dives into the latest tech innovations shaping our world. How are satellites revolutionizing the fight against climate change? Could music be the medicine we need? What will it take for Canada to lead the global tech scene and achieve a zero-emission future? Discover the answers to these questions and more in the next season of Solve for X.

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