This week on Delusional Witch Juice, I discuss the real history of fortune telling and how the creepy crystal ball fortune teller is way younger than you think. From ancient Chinese oracle bones and Mesopotamian diviners to Queen Elizabeth I’s astrologer John Dee and a celebrity astrologer consulting America’s financial elite, predicting the future was once serious business. Plus the history of scrying, why tarot cards were originally a game, how the Romani fortune teller stereotype developed, the rise of coin-operated fortune telling machines, and why Magic 8-Balls, fortune cookies, cootie catchers, and even modern algorithms prove we still really hate not knowing what happens next. 00:00 — Intro03:39 — The Basics05:47 — Scrying & Other Divination Tools08:12 — Where Did Fortune Telling Come From?11:16 — Advisor to the Queen14:12 — Fortune Telling on Wall Street16:29 — How Dictators used Fortune Telling18:51 — When it Became Illegal22:56 — Tarot and Divination26:53 — Romani Does Not = Fortune Teller30:00 — Woman with The Crystal Ball32:23 — Magic 8 Balls and Cootie Catchers35:23 — The Need to Know SOURCES & FURTHER READING The Metropolitan Museum of Art — “Before Fortune-Telling: The History and Structure of Tarot Cards”The early history of tarot as a card game and its much later association with occultism and fortune telling.Read at The MetThe Metropolitan Museum of Art — Shang Dynasty Oracle BonesExamples of inscribed bones used in ancient Chinese royal divination.Explore the collectionSmarthistory / Smithsonian National Museum of Asian Art — “Oracle Bone, Shang Dynasty”How Shang rulers used ox bones and tortoise shells to ask questions about war, illness, weather, hunting and other concerns.Read the articleBritish Museum — Dr. Dee’s Magical MirrorThe obsidian mirror associated with Elizabethan scholar, astrologer and occultist John Dee.View the British Museum objectRoyal Museums Greenwich — John DeeJohn Dee’s work in astrology, navigation, alchemy, his relationship with Elizabeth I and his attempts to communicate with angels through scrying.Read at Royal Museums GreenwichJ. Paul Getty Museum — “Rising Signs: The Medieval Science of Astrology”Astrology’s role in medieval medicine, agriculture, divination and royal courts, including rulers consulting astrologers about marriages and military outcomes.Read at GettyScience History Institute — “Disorderly Persons”The history of fortune-telling laws, witchcraft and vagrancy statutes, Romani stereotypes, gender and the transformation of fortune telling from supposed magic into alleged fraud.Read at Science History InstituteBible Gateway — Deuteronomy 18:10–13One of the major biblical prohibitions against divination, omens, sorcery, mediums and consulting the dead.Read the passageThe Vatican — Catechism of the Catholic Church, Sections 2115–2117The Catholic Church’s distinction between divine prophecy and prohibited practices such as astrology, horoscopes, palmistry, omens, clairvoyance and mediums.Read the CatechismCambridge University Press — Eric Kurlander, “The Nazi Magicians’ Controversy”A scholarly examination of astrology, occultism and so-called “border sciences” within Nazi Germany, including the regime’s complicated mixture of suppression and exploitation.Read at Cambridge CoreThe Strong National Museum of Play — “The Play of Fortune”Fortune telling as entertainment, including coin-operated arcade fortune tellers such as the 1957 Grandma Fortune Teller.Read at The StrongThe Strong National Museum of Play — History of the Magic 8 BallThe strange path from a professional clairvoyant’s device to one of America’s most recognizable fortune-telling toys.Read the historySmithsonian Magazine — “Cracking Open the History of Fortune Cookies”The Japanese predecessors of the modern fortune cookie and how the cookie eventually became associated with Chinese-American restaurants.Read at Smithsonian Magazine