Impact(ed)

Impact(ed)

For its first two seasons, Impact(ed) carved out space for practitioners of color to speak candidly about their work. It showcased the importance of diverse, creative perspectives and a non-traditional, non-linear path into the world of investing. It grounded the conversation in lived experience and real decision-making, not just frameworks and conference talking points. And importantly, it gave a platform to perspectives and voices that are too often pushed to the side. This season, Impact(ed) will take conversations even deeper. Because there are things we all know–but don’t say out loud: We know most LPs are still optimizing for risk-adjusted returns, not impact. We know investment committees rarely behave the way their mission statements suggest they do. We know entire strategies get framed as “market opportunity” when they’re really a function of where capital feels comfortable flowing. And we know that when markets tighten, a lot of the courageous rhetoric gets silenced quickly. Where our first two seasons -- importantly -- shone on a light on practitioners of color in the middle of their careers reflecting on how they got there, and the many pieces of the impact investing puzzle (from ESG-screening at some of the largest pensions, to impact VC, and employee ownership as an alternative to traditional buyouts) this season will be a deeper dive into the structural levers that control how capital is allocated. We started with a mission of showing the whole chessboard and widening the tent to including more voices and perspectives in the conversation, and now we're eager to dive deeper into honest discussions about the more granular barriers and genuine opportunities for scale within impact investing. This season we'll be covering topics like: Blackstone and Your RetirementImpact Investing in the Built EnvironmentAre There Too Many VC's?The Current State of Community DevelopmentThe Pro's and Con's of PEThe Business of Asset ManagementHow IC's Actually WorkWhat Went Wrong with TricolorImpact Investing & Public PolicyAnd a Retrospective Review of Past Episodes

  1. Sep 22

    The Capital We Deserve

    In 1984, community banks numbered 15,767 and held 39% of U.S. banking assets. By 2024, only 4,128 remained, holding 11%. The "big four" now control $9.5 trillion in assets but lend out only 41% of it, versus 70% for community banks. This episode asks what got lost — and what rebuilding it takes. PART ONE: THE CASE FOR LOCAL BANKING Journalist Oscar Perry Abello unpacks his book The Banks We Deserve. His core argument: community development finance isn't a newer field bolted onto banking — it's what banking used to be, before consolidation moved lending decisions away from the neighborhoods they serve. Community banks hold $153 billion in construction loans versus $51 billion at the big four. Abello cites Adelphi Bank in Columbus, Ohio — chartered in 2023, the first new Black-designated minority depository institution (MDI) in 20 years — which turned $27 million in startup capital into $100 million in community investment within three years, and Redemption Bank in Utah, formerly Holladay Bank and Trust, now Black-owned after investors acquired and rebranded it. Of roughly 3,900 community banks left nationwide, only about 125 are MDIs. "Getting things done at scale in this country has always taken community banks, local banks, local credit unions to actually do all this work." Abello explains how these institutions fund growth: equity (roughly $1 for every $10–11 in deposits), deposits, and wholesale borrowing through the Federal Home Loan Bank system, built in the 1930s for this purpose. His metaphor: an impact fund waters one tree in a burned forest; rebuilding banking policy seeds rain clouds that water the whole forest. PART TWO: COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT ON THE GROUND Jacqueline Waggoner, newly installed president and CEO of Century Housing, a California CDFI that has deployed $3.5 billion to create or preserve 60,000+ homes, joins next. She previously led Enterprise Community Partners' Solutions Division, helping design the Local Rental Owners Collaborative (LROC) — a 2021 South LA program pairing small, often Black and Latino landlords owning 2–20 units with rent relief and property support, keeping affordable housing out of corporate hands. Century grew out of the Century Freeway (I-105), whose construction displaced 7,000 homes and 21,000 LA residents — a reminder that community development often means redressing harm from past infrastructure decisions. Her underwriting centers on relationship and character: decades of history with the same borrowers, and attention to "the souls behind the doors." The episode closes on policy: the proposed FY2027 federal budget would cut CDFI Fund awards by 63% (over $200 million), shrinking the fund from $324 million to about $119 million. Both guests frame CDFIs and community banks as core infrastructure, not niche impact vehicles. ⸺ GLOSSARY: CDFI (Community Development Financial Institution): Federally certified lender focused on underserved communities.MDI (Minority Depository Institution): A bank majority-owned by minority individuals, or with a majority-minority board and customers.Community Reinvestment Act (CRA), 1977: Requires regulators to ensure banks meet credit needs of low- and moderate-income neighborhoods.Equal Credit Opportunity Act (ECOA), 1974: Barred credit discrimination; before it, a woman generally needed a husband present to get a loan.Redlining: Denying loans to residents of specific neighborhoods, typically by race, via lending maps.Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB) System: A 1930s wholesale lending network funding member banks beyond local deposits.Character-Based Lending: Underwriting that weighs a borrower's relationships and community standing, not just credit metrics.

    The Capital We Deserve
  2. Aug 25

    The Underfunded Built Environment

    The built environment accounts for ~37% of global CO₂ emissions, 41% of global energy use, and 42% of landfill waste. Over 22 million U.S. households spend more than 30% of their income on rent. This episode asks: why isn't more capital flowing here to make our housing affordable and sustainable? The Institutional Turn: Cole Cage (Jonathan Rose Companies) argues affordable housing has matured into a core institutional asset class. Government-backed Section 8 HAP contracts, a 7-million-unit housing shortage, and durable renter demand make it a stable, low-volatility investment — not a concessionary one. "The best investments are ones where impact is inherent to the product itself." The Capital Gap: Ruby Schifrin (Joist / Turner Labs) identifies a structural trap: housing tech startups are too regulated for generalist venture, too early for real estate capital, and too complex for software investors. Joist — Turner Labs' new venture fund — targets this gap, backing modular construction, financing tools, and AI-powered permitting software. Meanwhile, philanthropic capital that should be taking early risk is crowding into the same proven plays as institutional investors. "If you take a venture model to philanthropy, you should expect 90% of your businesses to fail. Yet in the impact space, people think any failure means they're doing something wrong." What Makes It Expensive — and the Call to Action: Well-intentioned regulations pile up into a crushing burden. Ruby proposes a "menu model" — let developers pick three public benefits from a defined list rather than mandating all of them. Cole flags Davis-Bacon prevailing wage rules as a separate 40% labor cost driver on federally funded projects. Jonathan Rose Companies' approach: listen to communities before proposing anything, then unlock government resources to fill the gaps. The closing ask — developers: try the deal you assumed wouldn't pencil. Investors: revisit affordable housing on a risk-adjusted basis. Individuals: go to a local community meeting. The roadmap exists — what's missing is more people deciding this is their problem. GLOSSARY: AMI: Area Median Income — HUD's benchmark for affordability. Housing is "affordable" when a household pays ≤30% of income on rent. Programs target different thresholds (30%, 60%, 80%, 100% AMI).Capital Stack: All financing layers in a deal (equity, debt, tax credits, grants) ordered by repayment priority. Affordable housing stacks typically involve 5–8 sources.Cost-Burdened: Spending >30% of gross income on housing costs. "Severely cost-burdened" = >50%.Davis-Bacon Act: Federal law (1931) requiring prevailing wages on federally funded construction — can add ~40% to labor costs in high-wage cities.HAP Contract: Housing Assistance Payment contract — HUD pays the gap between tenant income and market rent under Section 8, providing stable government-backed revenue.LIHTC: Low-Income Housing Tax Credit — the primary federal subsidy for affordable rental housing. Developers sell credits to investors to generate project equity; units must stay affordable for 30+ years.Workforce Housing: Housing for households earning 60–120% AMI — too much for deep-subsidy programs, too little for market-rate in high-cost cities. Often supported by tax relief rather than direct subsidy.

    The Underfunded Built Environment
  3. Jul 21

    The Pros and Cons of Private Equity

    Private equity can feel as though it has always existed—a permanent villain of the investment industry. But it hasn’t. The modern industry is only a few decades old, younger than some of the people now sitting on pension and endowment committees deciding how much of it to hold. PE grew around a specific thesis: that patient, controlling ownership could counter the short-termism of public markets and create genuine value, not merely generate financial returns. Today, that thesis is being tested from two directions at once. A multitrillion-dollar asset class must demonstrate that enough real opportunity remains to justify its enormous scale. At the same time, a higher-cost-of-capital environment is stripping away the cheap debt that helped make many of its past returns possible. So what happens when financial engineering is no longer enough? What does PE look like when returns must come from actually building better businesses? And as private ownership reaches further into the institutions that shape our daily lives, who gets to decide what those businesses are ultimately designed to produce—and for whom? Smitha Das is Senior Director of Investments at World Education Services (WES), where she leads the investment practice and is helping steer the organization’s full balance sheet toward mission alignment. She is an unusually credible voice on this topic because she has sat on nearly every side of the table. She began her career at an infrastructure PE fund, later worked as an intermediary, and now allocates capital as an asset owner. Rodney and Eric sat down with her for a conversation that resists the easy version of the PE debate and instead examines the mechanics through which value—or harm—is actually created. We talked about:Daycare centers, nursing homes, local newspapers, and youth sports leagues—the everyday institutions now owned by PE that many people assume are still locally controlled.The two versions of PE WES holds at once: a “current-state” portfolio, where the organization pushes incrementally for better incentives, governance, and structures within the existing playbook; and a “catalytic portfolio,” where it is testing entirely new models of ownership and governance.PE as a tool and a set of design choices, rather than an inherently good or bad asset class—and why incentives, governance, and investment structure are the three levers that most directly shape outcomes.GlossaryPrivate EquityDefinition: An investment model in which a firm raises capital from institutional investors to acquire controlling stakes in companies—usually private companies, though sometimes publicly traded companies that are taken private—with the intention of holding, improving, and eventually selling them for a return. Why it matters: Much of the public debate treats PE as either a monolithic villain or an unqualified engine of growth. But because the ownership model is so flexible, “Is private equity good or bad?” is the wrong question. The more useful question is: what are a particular firm’s incentives, governance, and investment structure designed to produce? Roll-Up / ConsolidationDefinition: A strategy in which a firm acquires multiple companies within the same industry or geographic region and combines them under shared ownership, often to gain scale, reduce costs, or control a larger share of a market. Why it matters: Roll-ups can be difficult to detect. A consolidated daycare chain may continue operating under its original, locally recognizable name even after ownership has changed. That opacity makes the resulting loss of competition—and the decisions that follow—harder for affected communities to trace back to the actual owner.

    The Pros and Cons of Private Equity
  4. Jul 6

    Everything is Impact

    AI-generated wealth could unlock tens of billions in new annual philanthropic spending over the next decade. So why does Jed Emerson think the real question isn't how fast that money moves, but what it's actually for? Jed Emerson is one of the longest-standing voices in impact investing and the originator of the "blended value" framework — but he didn't come up through a trading desk or a venture fund. He started in social work, ran the Larkin Street Youth Center in San Francisco, and helped launch REDF (now Redefine Alliance) with KKR co-founder George Roberts, making it one of the first venture philanthropy funds in the country. Rodney and Lucas sat down with Jed for a wide-ranging conversation on where the field got stuck, and what decades of this work have actually taught him. We talked about: Why "doing good vs. doing well" is a false choice, and what it costs the field to keep asking itWhy Jed stopped starting with structure — grant, debt, equity, hybrid — and started with purpose insteadMicrofinance as a case study in how philanthropic capital gets mispriced as "risky" until it isn'tWhether a new wave of AI-driven philanthropic wealth will reproduce old patterns of concentrated ownership, or actually build shared agencyJed's shift from "being the rock to being the river," and what that means for a field addicted to its own frameworks GLOSSARY: Blended Value Technical: The idea that all capital and all enterprises generate a mix of economic, social, and environmental value simultaneously — value isn't separable into a "financial" bucket and an "impact" bucket. In practice: Jed's framework rejects the premise that you have to choose between a grant and an investment, or between mission and return. Every dollar deployed is already doing all three kinds of value-creation at once, whether or not anyone is tracking it. Why it matters: Once you accept blended value, the question stops being "is this concessionary or market-rate?" and becomes "what value are we actually trying to create, and for whom?" That reframing is what lets the right tool — grant, equity, guarantee, hybrid — follow the purpose instead of the other way around. Absorptive Capacity Technical: The ability of a field, sector, or set of institutions to effectively deploy a given amount of capital — measured in things like grantmaking staff, due diligence capability, and institutional infrastructure. In practice: If AI wealth adds tens of billions in new annual philanthropic spending, someone has to actually move that money well: more grants, more allocators, more operating talent, more institutions capable of doing it with speed and discipline. Why it matters: Jed pushes back on treating this purely as a technical staffing problem. Capacity is also a power problem — plenty of organizations already have the ambition and trust built up in their communities, but lack flexible, patient capital. Asking "do we have enough capacity" without asking "whose capacity are we willing to see" risks building new infrastructure around the same old gatekeepers.

    Everything is Impact
  5. Jun 18

    How Do IC's Actually Work?

    George Suttles is a longtime investment committee member and adviser to philanthropic institutions, with deep experience helping boards think differently about investment stewardship, fiduciary responsibility, and who belongs in the room. Rini Banerjee is a pioneer in mission-aligned endowment strategy, having spent over a decade helping foundations use their investment policy statements as tools for values alignment—long before most advisors understood what she was asking for. Together, they brought a rare combination of insider knowledge and strategic challenge to this conversation. George has sat on committees and helped build them. Rini has used the IPS as an organizing document to pull investment committees up from manager selection and into mission. Between them, they helped us understand what investment committees actually do, why they matter more than most people realize, and what it would take to change who sits at the table. GLOSSARY: Investment Policy Statement (IPS) Technical: A written document that establishes the goals, guidelines, and constraints for managing an organization’s investment portfolio. It typically covers asset allocation targets, risk tolerance, liquidity requirements, and sometimes values-based restrictions. In practice: Most foundations have one. Most board members have never read it. Rini has spent years treating the IPS not as a compliance document but as an organizing tool—a way to force the strategic and values conversation that should be happening at the investment committee level but rarely does. When a committee rewrites its IPS through a mission lens, it has to confront the question: what is this endowment actually for? Why it matters: The IPS is the rulebook. Change the rulebook, and you change what’s possible. A mission-aligned IPS can open the door to impact investments, ESG screens, and community capital strategies that a default document would never contemplate. Fiduciary Duty Technical: A legal and ethical obligation to act in the best interest of the beneficiary—in this case, the foundation and its mission—rather than in one’s own interest or the interest of any third party. In practice: Investment committee members are fiduciaries. That means they can be held legally liable if they make decisions that benefit themselves rather than the institution. For a long time, fiduciary duty was used as an argument against mission-aligned investing: the duty, the argument went, was to maximize financial returns, full stop. That argument has been substantially challenged and largely discredited—but it still comes up, and it’s still used to resist change. Why it matters: Understanding fiduciary duty is essential to understanding both the power and the constraints of the investment committee role. It’s also useful for pushing back on the claim that pursuing mission alignment is somehow legally risky.

    How Do IC's Actually Work?
  6. Jun 3

    Are There Too Many VC's?

    Are There Too Many VCs in Impact Investing? The Real Answer Is More Complicated than a Yes or No. Ben Thornley is co-founder and managing partner of Tideline, one of the field’s leading research and advisory firms on impact investing. He’s not an investor—he’s the person that the largest limited partners in the world, institutions managing hundreds of billions in assets, call when they’re trying to make sense of a market they don’t fully understand yet. His answer: the problem isn’t too much VC. It’s not enough of everything else. The capital stack in impact investing is barbelling—institutions piling into later-stage, more proven strategies while early-stage impact sits overcrowded and without much liquidity EPISODE GLOSSARY: Barbelling Technical: A distribution pattern in which capital concentrates at two extremes of a spectrum, leaving the middle relatively underfunded. In practice: In impact investing, institutional capital is flowing heavily into later-stage, more proven strategies (large private equity funds, public equities with ESG screens) and into very early-stage philanthropic work—while the middle (growth-stage impact, fund II and III managers) goes undercapitalized. Why it matters: The companies most ready to scale—past proof of concept but not yet large enough to attract big institutional mandates—are exactly where the gap sits. Barbelling explains why the field can feel both overcrowded and underfunded at the same time. Secondary Markets Technical: Markets where investors buy and sell existing stakes in private funds or companies, rather than investing directly into new deals. In practice: If you’re an LP in a private equity fund and you need liquidity before the fund winds down, you sell your stake to another investor on the secondary market. In conventional private equity, this market is large and well-developed. In impact investing, it barely exists—Ben noted you can count impact secondary funds on one hand. Why it matters: Without a secondary market, every impact investment is effectively locked up until exit. That illiquidity premium makes impact structurally more expensive to hold than conventional alternatives, which rational institutions will price accordingly. Concessionary Capital Technical: Capital that accepts below-market financial returns in exchange for social or environmental impact. In practice: Think of a foundation that invests in an affordable housing fund knowing the returns will be lower than a comparable market-rate fund—because the goal is to produce housing, not just profit. The ‘concession’ is the financial return the investor foregoes. Why it matters: The field debates how much concession is appropriate—or required—for genuine impact. Ben’s view is that the impact investing community has sometimes made this debate more binary than it needs to be, excluding strategies that produce real impact but don’t meet a specific return threshold. Lacking Liquidity Technical: A state in which a market or asset class lacks sufficient liquidity mechanisms (secondary markets, structured exits, revolving credit facilities) to meet investor demand. In practice: An impact fund manager trying to return capital to LPs who need liquidity has very few options compared to a conventional PE manager. There’s no robust secondary market to sell into, fewer structured products to access bridge capital, and fewer exit pathways in general. Why it matters: A lack of liquidity compounds over time. It makes the asset class less attractive to institutions that need to manage liquidity risk—which restricts the pool of potential LPs, which limits fund size, which limits what managers can do

    Are There Too Many VC's?

Ratings & Reviews

5
out of 5
8 Ratings

About

For its first two seasons, Impact(ed) carved out space for practitioners of color to speak candidly about their work. It showcased the importance of diverse, creative perspectives and a non-traditional, non-linear path into the world of investing. It grounded the conversation in lived experience and real decision-making, not just frameworks and conference talking points. And importantly, it gave a platform to perspectives and voices that are too often pushed to the side. This season, Impact(ed) will take conversations even deeper. Because there are things we all know–but don’t say out loud: We know most LPs are still optimizing for risk-adjusted returns, not impact. We know investment committees rarely behave the way their mission statements suggest they do. We know entire strategies get framed as “market opportunity” when they’re really a function of where capital feels comfortable flowing. And we know that when markets tighten, a lot of the courageous rhetoric gets silenced quickly. Where our first two seasons -- importantly -- shone on a light on practitioners of color in the middle of their careers reflecting on how they got there, and the many pieces of the impact investing puzzle (from ESG-screening at some of the largest pensions, to impact VC, and employee ownership as an alternative to traditional buyouts) this season will be a deeper dive into the structural levers that control how capital is allocated. We started with a mission of showing the whole chessboard and widening the tent to including more voices and perspectives in the conversation, and now we're eager to dive deeper into honest discussions about the more granular barriers and genuine opportunities for scale within impact investing. This season we'll be covering topics like: Blackstone and Your RetirementImpact Investing in the Built EnvironmentAre There Too Many VC's?The Current State of Community DevelopmentThe Pro's and Con's of PEThe Business of Asset ManagementHow IC's Actually WorkWhat Went Wrong with TricolorImpact Investing & Public PolicyAnd a Retrospective Review of Past Episodes

You Might Also Like