How Many CTOs

Brad Hefta-Gaub & Scott Porad
  • 5.0 (5)
  • Technology
  • Updated Weekly

Welcome to the "How Many CTOs?" Podcast, hosted by Brad and Scott, where we dive deep into the intricate world of Chief Technology Officers. Each episode features candid conversations with guest CTOs who share their real-world experiences and insights on a wide range of topics. From building and upleveling high-performing engineering teams to managing and communicating the impact of tech debt, we cover it all. Discover strategies for measuring engineering productivity, refining processes, and balancing innovation with structured methodologies. Learn from experts about decomposing monolithic systems and keeping up with the latest technology trends. Whether you're a current or aspiring CTO, our podcast offers practical solutions and valuable advice to navigate the ever-evolving landscape of technology leadership. Tune in and join the discussion on overcoming the common challenges faced by CTOs today. Don't forget to subscribe, rate, and review! #TechLeadership #CTO #techpodcast

  1. 2d ago

    Token Maxxing and Local Inference: Navigating the Shift in AI Usage for Developers

    In this episode of "How Many CTOs Does It Take?" podcast, hosts Scott Porad and Brad Hefta-Gaub discuss token spending and the "token maxing" backlash, sparked by a GitHub Copilot budget issue and broader industry moves to optimize tokens. The hosts argues companies should focus on value and learning rather than premature token optimization, while still adding circuit breakers to prevent runaway costs. They explore shifting to local inference and open-weight/open-source models for cost, privacy, and control, citing concerns about vendor policy changes like Fable's retention and classifier behavior. The conversation expands into how AI shifts bottlenecks from coding to product management, experiments pairing product and engineers using SpecKit, and how AI may realize Agile's iterative promise. They close on distribution as a key frontier and the career opportunity of being early in AI, likening it to the early internet era.   00:00 Cold Open 00:27 Podcast Kickoff 00:46 Anniversary Trip in Maui 02:54 Copilot Budget Surprise 05:15 Token Panic Backlash 07:54 Value Over Tokens 13:33 Local Models Rising 15:46 SaaS Apocalypse Talk 17:29 Cycle Time vs Value 20:19 SpecKit Pairing Experiment 22:43 AI Meets Agile Promise 24:50 Spec First Agile Debate 29:40 Builders VS Managers 31:40 Scaffolding Vibe Coders 32:29 Distribution Is Hard 35:51 Snoring App Niche 38:43 Targeted Ads Reality 40:07 Open Source Pushback 42:11 Three Pressures On CTOs 44:56 Privacy And Data Control 53:38 Frontier Models Trust Issues 56:19 Three Truths For Teams 58:09 Early Internet Lessons 59:44 Wrap Up And Credits   Resources: How Many CTOs Pod: https://howmanyctospod.com Scott Porad: https://www.linkedin.com/in/scottporad/  Brad Hefta-Gaub: https://www.linkedin.com/in/bradheftagaub/  #TechPodcast #EngineeringPodcast #DevTalks #PodcastForDevs #HowManyCTOs #Podcast #CTOs #CTOPodcast #ChiefTechnologyOfficer #Technology #Engineering #SoftwareDevelopment #SoftwareEngineering #TechLeadership #EngineeringLeadership #EngineeringCulture #TechDebates #Entrepreneurship #TokenMaxxing #LocalInference #AI #AIProgramming #AIAssistedProgramming Agile #Innovation #OpenSource #Privacy #OpenWeight #AIRevolution #Leadership #Innovation #AgileDevelopment

  2. Jul 14

    This Has Always Been A Problem: Slot Machine Devs and Growing Junior Engineers in the Age of AI

    In this episode of "How Many CTOs Does It Take?" podcast, hosts Scott Porad and Brad Hefta-Gaub discuss how managing armies of coding agents can be physically draining, likening it to context switching in flat organizations. Scott references Yuval Harari's "Sapiens," connecting the cognitive and agricultural revolutions to modern pressures. The hosts debate whether AI causes coding skills to atrophy and blocks junior engineers from becoming seniors, framing "pulling the slot machine lever" as shipping code you don't understand. Brad shares a pre-AI story about copying Stack Overflow code for a 3D triangle point test, leading to lessons about ambiguity and understanding. They argue this cargo-cult behavior predates AI, though AI makes laziness easier, while curiousity can accelerate learning. They also discuss "taste" as effective engineering opinions, shifting skills toward interrogating LLMs, and a potential K-shaped industry split between WYSIWYG builders and engineers closer to the metal. 00:00 Cold Open 00:21 New Listener Surprise 01:36 Managing AI Agents Burnout 04:26 Sapiens and Cooperation 07:46 AI Complaints Are Engineering 08:49 Slot Machine Coding Metaphor 09:41 Stack Overflow Triangle Story 15:41 Cargo Culting and CopyPasta 16:30 Juniors to Seniors in AI Era 23:42 Curious vs Lazy AI Use 27:08 Models Improve and Safety 28:39 Engineering Is Shaping 29:58 Junior Vs Senior Judgment 31:03 What Is Taste 34:22 Engineering Job Shifts 37:25 Curiosity Still Wins 39:59 Build Stuff To Grow 44:04 Learning Through Debugging 46:25 Managing LLM Atrophy Risk 49:55 Pair Programming And Market Pressure 53:31 K Shaped Future 55:29 Wrap Up And Credits Resources: How Many CTOs Pod: https://howmanyctospod.com Scott Porad: https://www.linkedin.com/in/scottporad/  Brad Hefta-Gaub: https://www.linkedin.com/in/bradheftagaub/  #TechPodcast #EngineeringPodcast #DevTalks #PodcastForDevs #HowManyCTOs #Podcast #CTOs #CTOPodcast #ChiefTechnologyOfficer #Technology #Engineering #SoftwareDevelopment #SoftwareEngineering #TechLeadership #EngineeringLeadership #EngineeringCulture #TechDebates #StackOverflow #CargoCulting #JuniorvsSeniorEngineers #JuniorEngineers #SeniorEngineers #AI #AIProgramming #AICoding #AIAssistedCoding #AIAssistedProgramming #SlotMachines #InnovationVsComplacency #ProgrammingLife #CodingChallenges #ArtificialIntelligence #LazyCoding #SoftwareSkills #AIInCoding #EngineeringChallenges #DeveloperJourney #InsideTech

  3. Jul 7

    From Chaos to Control: Bringing Specification Driven Design to Vibe Coding with David Bauer

    In this episode of "How Many CTOs Does It Take?" podcast, host Brad Hefta-Gaub is joined by Dr. David Bauer of Axonis AI, who shares how his background in distributed computing, startups, and the U.S. intelligence community led him to Axonis AI's federated data layer used for federated learning, data fusion, semantic ontologies, and decision intelligence. Bauer describes how encouraging engineers to use any LLM tool led to incorrect, unreviewable PRs and broken releases, especially in security-critical areas, as MCP tooling sprawl made tool selection unreliable. Axonis rebuilt its development workflow around specification-driven design with extensive automation, agentic workflows, Git hooks, and spec-centric Agile tracking, shifting engineers from code-centric work to "vibe speccing" and system understanding. They prioritize end-to-end integration tests as the primary quality gate, keep integration test implementations tightly controlled, and automate much of GitLab interaction while using their own compliance/attestation tooling to tie decisions to evidence across the company. Brad and Bauer engage in a healthy debate about the need for unit tests in the age of AI-assisted programming, and they end the episode by discussing how to empower engineers who focus on identifying and solving business needs, rather than the minutia of the actual coding. 00:00 Cold Open 00:27 Meet Dr David Bauer 01:15 Axonis AI Origin Story 02:54 Why Startups Must Use AI 04:42 When Vibe Coding Breaks PRs 07:29 Team Scale And Pain Points 08:29 MCP Tool Sprawl And Gateway 10:21 Specification Driven Design Fix 18:49 Quality Gates And Integration Focus 21:44 Unit Tests Debate Begins 26:22 Robot Test Validation 28:04 Unit vs Integration Tests 29:51 Vibe Speccing Workflow 32:52 Engineers as PMs 34:55 Compliance Tooling Attestations 38:36 Federated Data Evidence 40:17 Advice for Engineering Leaders 43:24 Specs Beyond Engineering 45:56 Making Specs Consumable 49:26 Wrap Up and Credits Resources: How Many CTOs Pod: https://howmanyctospod.com Brad Hefta-Gaub: https://www.linkedin.com/in/bradheftagaub/  David Bauer: https://www.linkedin.com/in/dr-bauer/  Axonis AI: https://www.axonis.ai/  #TechPodcast #EngineeringPodcast #DevTalks #PodcastForDevs #HowManyCTOs #Podcast #CTOs #CTOPodcast #ChiefTechnologyOfficer #Technology #Engineering #SoftwareDevelopment #SoftwareEngineering #TechLeadership #EngineeringLeadership #EngineeringCulture #TechDebates #VibeCoding #IntegrationTesting #AI #AIAssistedCoding #AIAssistedProgramming #ProductDevelopment #Agile #SpecificationDrivenDesign #SystemDesign #AIInTech #AgileProcesses #LeadershipDevelopment #ContinuousIntegration

  4. Jun 30

    Introducing Skein and Beaker Stack: Using AI Agent Engineers to Ship SaaS Faster

    In this special episode of "How Many CTOs Does It Take?" podcast, hosts Scott Porad and Brad Hefta-Gaub discuss Brad's experiment proving that AI can dramatically boost output for teams with strong engineering practices. Brad shares an MIT-licensed open-source SaaS template called Beaker Stack, which includes web and mobile scaffolding, CI/CD for preview/staging/production, automated setup, observability, email tooling, and Stripe-based tiered billing with feature gating. He then uses it to build Skein, a cloud-hosted shared "memory backplane" served via an MCP endpoint that lets multiple AI tools and agents read/write memories with strong security controls and auditing. Brad describes hiring four AI agent "engineers" (Diego, Mei, Rahul, Sarah) with persona "soul files," running them in Nanocloud/Nanoclaw containers for security, coordinating work via Telegram and GitHub, and applying spec-driven, test-heavy guardrails to ship Skein in about 10 days of part-time work. Scott asks questions about Brad's process, and the two hosts debate how different perspectives effect an engineer's process, be they AI agent or human coworker. A video version of this episode can be found on the How Many CTOs YouTube channel! 00:00 Cold Open 01:05 AI Velocity Thesis 02:16 Shipping SaaS Every Six Weeks 04:37 Beaker Stack Tour 08:11 Meet The AI Engineers 09:52 Agent Workflow And Reviews 12:11 Building Skein Shared Memory 14:45 10 Day Build And Metrics 18:51 How Skein Uses Beaker Stack 24:20 Under The Hood Supabase Vectors 25:50 Admin UI Walkthrough 26:27 Managing Agent Workforce 26:49 Nanoclaw Security Containers 28:59 Telegram Agent Ops 30:32 Agent Personas Backstories 33:31 Thinking Hats Perspectives 37:25 Human Loop Guardrails 41:47 Marketing Distribution Channels 47:18 Factory Vision Rapid Launch 48:46 Wrap Up Credits Resources How Many CTOs Pod: https://howmanyctospod.com Scott Porad: https://www.linkedin.com/in/scottporad/ Brad Hefta-Gaub: https://www.linkedin.com/in/bradheftagaub/ Skein: https://getskein.ai/ Beaker Stack website: https://beakerstack.com/ Beaker Stack GitHub: https://github.com/Artificer-Innovations/BeakerStack #techpodcast #EngineeringPodcast #DevTalks #PodcastForDevs #HowManyCTOs #Podcast #CTOs #CTOPodcast #ChiefTechnologyOfficer #Technology #Engineering #SoftwareDevelopment #SoftwareEngineering #TechLeadership #EngineeringLeadership #EngineeringCulture #TechDebates #AI #SaaS #Engineering #Development #BeakerStack #Skein #TechInnovation #AIRevolution #AIEngineering #AIAssistedCoding #AICoding #AIProgramming #AIAssistedProgramming

  5. Jun 23

    AI and the Data Swamp In Your Backyard with Ben Wilcox

    In this episode of "How Many CTOs Does It Take?" podcast, hosts Scott Porad and Brad Hefta-Gaub interview guest Ben Wilcox, CTO and CISO of ProArch, a Microsoft-focused data and AI system integrator. Wilcox describes his path into system integration, from cloud transformation and building managed security services, and now focused on helping customers adopt AI securely. The discussion centers on enterprise "data swamps," where unstructured, stale, and sensitive data create inaccurate AI outputs, and the new security risks as connectors make information easier to access. Wilcox argues organizations need stronger data governance, classification/labeling, segmentation, and purging, and should start with narrow, high-value AI use cases supported by cleaner data pipelines to improve accuracy and drive stakeholder buy-in. The hosts debate whether AI truly hallucinates or if faulty answers come from poor data, and whether the need for guardrails is anything new. Wilcox ends the episode reminding listeners that they are not alone in managing complex data. 00:00 Cold Open 00:22 Meet the Guest 03:00 What System Integrators Do 06:44 Modern SI for AI 09:39 Enterprise Data Swamp 15:08 Governance and Classification 17:41 Getting Budget Buy In 21:21 Bad Data vs Hallucinations 23:23 Bad Data Slows Everyone 24:43 Bronze Silver Gold Layers 26:53 Selling Data Debt Fixes 28:30 Scoped Copilot Show And Tell 31:04 AI Exposes Old Data Issues 33:11 Fusion Teams And Guardrails 37:00 Agents Need Real Controls 43:24 Defaults YOLO And Reviews 46:18 Wrap Up And Credits Resources: How Many CTOs Pod: https://howmanyctospod.com Scott Porad: https://www.linkedin.com/in/scottporad/  Brad Hefta-Gaub: https://www.linkedin.com/in/bradheftagaub/  Ben Wilcox: https://www.linkedin.com/in/ben-wilcox/  #TechPodcast #EngineeringPodcast #DevTalks #PodcastForDevs #HowManyCTOs #Podcast #CTOs #CTOPodcast #ChiefTechnologyOfficer #Technology #Engineering #SoftwareDevelopment #SoftwareEngineering #TechLeadership #EngineeringLeadership #EngineeringCulture #TechDebates #CISO #ProArch #Microsoft #SystemIntegration #AISecurity #DataSecurity #AI #DataSwamps #CloudTransformation #DataManagement #Cybersecurity #SystemIntegrators #Innovation #DataGovernance #CloudSolutions

  6. Jun 16

    Pioneering Music Education with John von Seggern

    In this episode of "How Many CTOs Does It Take?" podcast, Brad Hefta-Gaub interviews John Von Seggern, founder/CEO/CTO of Future Proof Music School, about his shift from musician and online educator to building AI features using tools like Claude Code, n8n, and MCP servers. John describes the school's personalized learning approach using an AI chatbot "Cadence" integrated with student history and curriculum, hosted on LearnWorlds, and explains solving integration limits by creating an MCP server and scraping LearnWorlds pages into a mirror database for context. They discuss security and brittleness concerns with AI-built software, using audits and cross-checking between Codex and Claude, and how models enable refactoring. John outlines a hybrid org where human teachers handle advanced artistry via live workshops and mentoring, supported by an internal agent "Nova," and shares advice: state big goals upfront and have AI ask questions to clarify plans. The episode ends with a discussion on the future of AI generated music, and how AI can be a powerful tool for good. 00:00 Cold Open: People Still Matter 00:20 Meet John Von Seggern 02:40 From No Code to Claude 06:41 What The Platform Does 08:42 LMS Choice LearnWorlds 09:33 Context And RAG Logic 11:26 Building An MCP Server 12:16 Scraping For Lesson Data 16:02 Music Mindset For Systems 17:29 Vibe Coding Risks 20:14 Refactoring As Models Improve 22:49 Guardrails For Agents 23:13 Democratizing Code Limits 26:26 Supervising Agents Anywhere 28:39 Building Nova Business Brain 30:34 Hybrid School Team Setup 33:35 Advice: Ask 100 Questions 36:24 AI Music Future Debate 40:53 Look On The Bright Side, Closing Thoughts 43:22 Wrap Up And Credits   Resources: How Many CTOs Pod: https://howmanyctospod.com Brad Hefta-Gaub: https://www.linkedin.com/in/bradheftagaub/  John von Seggern: https://www.linkedin.com/in/johnvon/  #TechPodcast #EngineeringPodcast #DevTalks #PodcastForDevs #HowManyCTOs #Podcast #CTOs #CTOPodcast #ChiefTechnologyOfficer #Technology #Engineering #SoftwareDevelopment #SoftwareEngineering #TechLeadership #EngineeringLeadership #EngineeringCulture #TechDebates #AI #MusicEducation #TechInnovation #AIinEducation #Entrepreneurship #FutureProof #MusicTech #AIRevolution #MusicIndustry #Innovation

  7. Jun 9

    Removing Bottlenecks, Not People with Stephanie Sylvestre

    In this episode of "How Many CTOs Does It Take?" podcast, hosts Scott Porad is joined by guest Stephanie Sylvestre, founder of AvatarBuddy, an AI company started 10 years ago to help people be the best version of themselves. Sylvestre argues for "AI plus human" rather than job elimination, and tells the story of how AvatarBuddy evolved from early research and prototypes to joining the OpenAI developer community in 2021, using teenagers for requirements and testing, and adopting curated "data vault" approaches (RAG) to improve results. AvatarBuddy provides managed AI-as-a-service, building and managing AI agents and advising clients, with tight controls on configuration. Sylvestre discusses her consulting process of AI opportunity mapping to identify root bottlenecks, with examples like reducing email overload by capturing requirements, creating digital twins for executive review, accelerating marketing work, and shortening month-end close, while warning that AI built without software engineering understanding can amplify security risks. The episode ends by affirming how AI not only allows for efficiency, but support for unique working styles that boosts morale. 00:00 Cold Open 00:34 Meet Stephanie 00:53 AI Before It Was Cool 03:04 Choosing AI Over VR 04:40 AvatarBuddy Origin Story 05:37 Early Prototypes and Testing 07:34 OpenAI Access and Launch 09:41 Data Vault Approach 10:33 What AvatarBuddy Does 11:48 AI Configuration Risks 12:11 Why AI Needs Software Basics 16:53 How Engagements Start 17:54 Opportunity Mapping Session 19:11 Prepared vs Unprepared Clients 22:38 CEO Bottleneck Twin 24:10 Blank Page Productivity 27:31 Scaling With Automation 28:57 Measurable Process Gains 32:10 Service Plus Product 32:57 IP As Differentiator 35:14 Personalized Agents Moat 39:37 Work Your Own Way 40:23 Find Stephanie Online 41:13 Podcast Wrap Up Resources: How Many CTOs Pod: https://howmanyctospod.com Scott Porad: https://www.linkedin.com/in/scottporad/  Stephanie Sylvestre: https://www.linkedin.com/in/stephanie-a-sylvestre/  Avatar Buddy: https://avatarbuddy.ai  #TechPodcast #EngineeringPodcast #DevTalks #PodcastForDevs #HowManyCTOs #Podcast #CTOs #CTOPodcast #ChiefTechnologyOfficer #Technology #Engineering #SoftwareDevelopment #SoftwareEngineering #TechLeadership #EngineeringLeadership #EngineeringCulture #TechDebates #Automation #FutureOfWork #AvatarBuddy #EliminateBottlenecks #AI #AIAssistedProgramming #AIRevolution #AIAndBusiness #AIAdvisory #BusinessOptimization #RemoveBottlenecksNotPeople #AIInsights

  8. Jun 2

    Pioneer or Perish: How and When to Evolve Your Engineering Org Toward the AI Development Life Cycle

    In this episode of "How Many CTOs Does It Take?" podcast, hosts Scott Porad and Brad Hefta-Gaub discuss a high-performing engineering team that has effectively cleared its product backlog while using AI heavily, including a senior engineer who surprised Brad by running agents overnight to automatically perform fast, high-quality GitHub PR code reviews via a webhook-driven harness. The engineer built an opinionated, RAG-backed "world-class code review" skill set that pulls new PRs from selected repos, reviews them with defined criteria, and posts comments, highlighting the need to articulate engineering judgment rather than relying on gut feel. They explore how models and agent frameworks are becoming commoditized, making the key differentiator the ability to assemble components and codify professional, reusable skills. The conversation turns to how teams should integrate AI into the SDLC, balancing experimentation with a shared, periodically updated "long-term support" approach and quality gates, plus examples like agents generating test coverage and proposing fixes for failing tests. 00:00 Cold OPen 00:25 Podcast Intro And Banter 01:09 Mind Blown By AI Team 03:25 Overnight Agent Code Reviews 06:02 Make Your Opinions Clear 09:05 Models Vs Frameworks 12:32 Standardizing Team AI Use 14:43 LTS For Agent Workflows 15:51 Automate Repeated Tasks 21:52 SDLC First AI Second 25:04 Quality Gates And Automation 28:27 Agents For Tests And Bugs 30:55 Future Of Engineering Taste 32:40 Wrap Up And Credits   Resources: How Many CTOs Pod: https://howmanyctospod.com Scott Porad: https://www.linkedin.com/in/scottporad/  Brad Hefta-Gaub: https://www.linkedin.com/in/bradheftagaub/  #TechPodcast #EngineeringPodcast #DevTalks #PodcastForDevs #HowManyCTOs #Podcast #CTOs #CTOPodcast #ChiefTechnologyOfficer #Technology #Engineering #SoftwareDevelopment #SoftwareEngineering #TechLeadership #EngineeringLeadership #EngineeringCulture #TechDebates #EngineeringExcellence #AIInnovation #TechInnovation #FutureOfWork #AIDriven #AIAssistedProgramming #AIAssistedCoding #AIProgramming #AICoding #SDLC #ADLC

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About

Welcome to the "How Many CTOs?" Podcast, hosted by Brad and Scott, where we dive deep into the intricate world of Chief Technology Officers. Each episode features candid conversations with guest CTOs who share their real-world experiences and insights on a wide range of topics. From building and upleveling high-performing engineering teams to managing and communicating the impact of tech debt, we cover it all. Discover strategies for measuring engineering productivity, refining processes, and balancing innovation with structured methodologies. Learn from experts about decomposing monolithic systems and keeping up with the latest technology trends. Whether you're a current or aspiring CTO, our podcast offers practical solutions and valuable advice to navigate the ever-evolving landscape of technology leadership. Tune in and join the discussion on overcoming the common challenges faced by CTOs today. Don't forget to subscribe, rate, and review! #TechLeadership #CTO #techpodcast

Information

  • Creator
    Brad Hefta-Gaub & Scott Porad
  • Years Active
    2025 - 2026
  • Episodes
    79
  • Rating
    Explicit
  • Copyright
    © 2025
  • Show Website
    How Many CTOs

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