Special Education; Parents' Library of Useful Information

David Poeschl

This no-nonsense, no interview program is for parents who want to hear research-based information about the IEP process.`   In addition, parents can hear about the latest research in the field that has practical implications for classroom practices.   Research is clear that parents who know more about the special education process are able to get better IEP programs and outcomes for their children with disabilities  (https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10631414/).    David Poeschl is a retired school district special education director and California State University Lecturer.  He currently works as a parent advisor with a non-profit agency in Northern California providing no fee consultancy and training to parents in the area.   This program is intended to be a library for parents who need information on a wide variety of special education related topics. Most of the research reviews are the result of questions from parents the host works with.

  1. Jun 11

    The Critical Importance of Accurate IEP Meeting Notes

    IEP Meeting notes; a part of the IEP process that is often overlooked, or does not reflect what the IEP team agreed to. IEP meeting notes allow parties not on the IEP team to understand and effectively implement the special program program. In any dispute between parents and school districts,  the notes help mediators and others who are analyzing the IEP to, again, understand the itent of the IEP team. With this episode, I am providing a link to a writing by a prominent California law firm that represents district in disputes with parents.   Parents can use those recommendations as a guide to what should be in notes, and how they should be memorialized. Here is a link the law firm's note recommendations: Lozano Smith: essentials of note taking: https://www.lozanosmith.com/docs/resources/IEP_Note_Taking.pdf Summary David Poeschl explains the critical role of accurate IEP notes in preventing confusion and conflict. He advises parents to audio record meetings, use transcripts to challenge inaccuracies, and understand their rights to add exceptions to the IEP. Key recommendations from a law firm that advises school districts are summarized, along with encouragement to hold districts accountable. Key takeaway Importance of Accurate IEP Notes Ensure IEP notes clearly explain the team’s intent regarding goals and services to avoid creating confusion and conflict. David states that IEP notes are one of the most overlooked parts of the IEP and that incomplete or inaccurate notes can create problems. Recording Meetings and Using Transcripts Always audio record IEP meetings and use transcription to highlight inaccuracies or omissions in the official notes. David recommends recording without exception and using an AI or non‑AI transcription app to produce a word‑for‑word transcript, enabling parents to point out errors. He notes that districts are usually reluctant to change notes, but parents can add a clarifying document to the IEP file. Parent Rights to Add Exceptions Parents can insist that their exceptions to an IEP be added with page numbers, making them an integral part of the legal document, though not all districts willingly comply. David mentions that in California parents have the right to have exceptions added with page numbers, but in his Northern California area districts are not always willing to do so. Without page numbers, added documents are not considered a legal part of the IEP. Law Firm Recommendations for IEP Notes Follow law firm guidance that IEP notes should document parent participation, summarize the FAPE offer, and avoid boilerplate language, terms of art, inconsistencies, and accusatory language. David summarizes recommendations from a prominent California firm that advises districts: document parents’ questions, concerns, agreements, disagreements, and requests; clearly summarize the offer of FAPE, especially when multiple meetings occur; and avoid boilerplate language, inconsistent content, and accusatory language. He provides a link to the full document. Accountability and Reforming Practices Hold your school district accountable by using these steps to contribute to bettering IEP practices and reforming special education. David concludes that taking the steps described is an effective way to hold the district accountable and improve special education practices. Thanks to  Soundimage.org for the free access to the AI generated music used in this podcast (https://soundimage.org/)

    3 min
  2. Jan 24

    A Toxic Mix? Neurodivergent Students and Public Schools. Episode One: Students in Crisis

    It has been clear for years that the school system in the United States is not welcoming to neurodivergent (ND) students.  School is an intensely intimidating and frightening place for many ND kids. As the percentage of identified ND students grow (the percentage of the total student population in California is currently 20%) the number of children damaged by the school system grows as well. Research is clear as to both the inappropriate structure of schools, and the long-term emotional damage it does to these kids. In this episode, I summarize a research article that condemns the current school structure as we know it. As the researcher/author writes, “Mainstream schools…are not currently safe spaces for ND children. Whether it is possible, with significant policy change, political will, and considerable investment, to transform mainstream schools into smaller, sensory-sensitive, nurturing, flexible, and truly inclusive places for ND children to be, is an open question.”  Many thanks to the researcher/author of the study, Dr. Sinead Mullally (sinead.mullally@ncl.ac.uk w: www.ncl.ac.uk/psychology/people/profile/sineadmullally.html) Research article that underpins the “popular” articlehttps://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37810599/ “Popular” article related to above (and used for the podcast script) https://researchfeatures.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Sinead-Mullally.pdf Universal Design for Learning (UDL)(https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/special-education-parents-library-of-useful-information/id1833954970?i=1000722533052) High School Students with High Functioning Autism; Obstacles and Optimism https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/special-education-parents-library-of-useful-information/id1833954970?i=1000727360172 Autistic College Students Who Succeed at Competitive Colleges and Universities; What's the Secret?https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/special-education-parents-library-of-useful-information/id1833954970?i=1000745302991 Thanks to  soundimage.org for the free access to the AI generated music used in this podcast (https://soundimage.org/)

    8 min
  3. 12/02/2025

    Matrix Parents Presents: Expanding Parents' Power in Special Education and Beyond

    Matrix Parent Network and the Marin Center for Independent Living funded and supported the production of this podcast.  If you are the parent of a child with a disability you have very likely experienced a feeling that you missed something when you walk out of an IEP meeting.  Many parents report that schools seem to go through the steps of the IEP but what comes out is a muddled mix of goals, accommodations and services. Parents also report that they don't feel like they are true members of their IEP team, that the IEP document they are asked to sign was developed by school staff with little or no input from those who know the child the best. This episode explores what parent participation really means, that the definition goes beyond school to encompass the child's entire life, in and out of school.  Research indicates that parents of children with disabilities have strong desires for their children to work on skills at home and in the community versus in school.  Other parents report focusing on involvement outside of school as a strategy to escape the anxiety and confines of school expectations and potential feelings of judgement from their special education teams.  article referred to in the episode: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12356156/ Thanks to  soundimage.org for the free access to the AI generated music used in this podcast (https://soundimage.org/)

    13 min

About

This no-nonsense, no interview program is for parents who want to hear research-based information about the IEP process.`   In addition, parents can hear about the latest research in the field that has practical implications for classroom practices.   Research is clear that parents who know more about the special education process are able to get better IEP programs and outcomes for their children with disabilities  (https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10631414/).    David Poeschl is a retired school district special education director and California State University Lecturer.  He currently works as a parent advisor with a non-profit agency in Northern California providing no fee consultancy and training to parents in the area.   This program is intended to be a library for parents who need information on a wide variety of special education related topics. Most of the research reviews are the result of questions from parents the host works with.