Dr. John Campbell

Campbellteaching

Hello Everyone, My name is John Campbell and I am a retired Nurse Teacher and former clinical nurse based in England. I also do some teaching in Asia and Africa when time permits. These videos are to help students to learn the background to all forms of health care. My PhD focused on the development of open learning resources for nurses nationally and internationally. LinkedIn profile, https://www.linkedin.com/in/dr-john-campbell-5256223b/ Twitter, https://twitter.com/Johnincarlisle Disclaimer; These media including videos, book, e book, articles, podcasts are not peer-reviewed. They should never replace individual clinical judgement from your own health care provider. No media-based material on this channel is suitable for using as professional medical advice. All comments are also for educational purposed only and must never replace advice from your own health care provider

  1. 17m ago

    Delta Plus, cause for concern?

    New descendant of the Delta variant, Delta, predominant, 99.8% of sequenced cases in EnglandAs of 11 October 2021Uploaded 20-10-21Delta, predominant variant, 99.8% of sequenced cases in England Delta sublineage newly designated as AY.4.2There are also small numbers of new cases of Delta with E484K and Delta with E484Q https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/investigation-of-sars-cov-2-variants-technical-briefingshttps://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1025827/Technical_Briefing_25.pdfhttps://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/oct/19/fears-grow-in-england-over-rise-of-new-covid-delta-varianthttps://www.thesun.co.uk/health/16463658/new-delta-subvariant-uk-more-infectious/https://www.italy24news.com/News/164491.htmlhttps://www.msn.com/en-us/health/medical/delta-ay-sub-variant-which-requires-urgent-research-found-in-these-us-states/ar-AAPFk3Shttps://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-58965650UK genetic sequencing, 6%, now 8% or moreUK, over a million sequences performed so farOn an increasing trajectoryUS, Denmark, CanadaUS, 3 cases sequenced, no clusters reportedNorth Carolina, California, DC10 cases in Israel, all from USUK, 14,247 sequenced as of Monday, October 18th AY.4.2, Delta Plus, Spike protein change(AY means it is a delta subtype)(AY.4 is already 80% in the UK)Mutations - Y145H and A222VFound in various lineages since the beginning of the pandemicWill this give the virus additional powers?Vaccine escape?Slight effect on the binding between antibodies and the virusNot yet a variant of concern or variant under investigation WHO, next few days, nu variantOriginal Delta, classified as VOC, UK May 2021 July 2021 experts identified AY.4.2.Sublineage of Delta, increasing slowly since thenProf Francois Balloux, University College London, Genetics InstituteIt is potentially a marginally more infectious strain.It's nothing compared with what we saw with Alpha and Delta, which were something like 50 to 60 percent more transmissible. So we are talking about something quite subtle here and that is currently under investigation. At this stage I would say wait and see, don't panic. it is not something absolutely disastrous like we saw previouslyDr Jeffrey Barrett, Covid-19 Genomics Initiative, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, and Prof Francois BallouxAY.4.2 could be 10-15% more transmissible than the original Delta variant.Unlikely to be fuelling current UK increases(That’s mostly school age and to their parents) Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

  2. 1h ago

    mRNA and carcinoma

    MRNA vaccines and cancer https://www.oncotarget.com/article/28827/text Article investigates the potential association between modified mRNA (modRNA) COVID-19 vaccinations and the development of haematopoietic cancers. Censorship in science https://www.oncotarget.com/article/28829/text Only relentless determination gets dissenting data published in peer-reviewed journals https://panagispolykretis.substack.com/p/only-relentless-determination-gets Case Study Healthy, young, athletic woman who, developed acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) and lymphoblastic lymphoma (LBL), following her second dose of the Pfizer/BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine (Comirnaty®), (July 2021) Drugs and Total Body Irradiation (TBI) April, 2025, cell transplant from an unrelated donor. Part of an expanding body of literature documenting similar occurrences after modRNA vaccinations. 30 papers describe malignancies that developed in close temporal relationship with modRNA COVID-19 vaccinations. (Often just a few days) with 28 focusing on haemato-lymphoproliferative disorders. In lymphoma, 4 cases, four cases showed onset at the inoculation site, three cases manifested in draining lymph nodes Japan, leukaemia, breast, pancreatic, and lip/oral/ pharyngeal cancers increased significantly in 2022 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38721172/ critical literature gap: the absence of population studies verifying cancer incidence by vaccination status in order to estimate the true cancer incidence or mortality increases following COVID-19 vaccination. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38933341/ ‘technically pro-drug gene therapies encased in lipid nanoparticles (LNPs), rather than natural naked mRNA. Emerging evidence suggests that the biodistribution and persistence of modRNA, facilitated by lipid nanoparticles, can affect various tissues and organs, including the bone marrow and other blood-forming organs. Unfettered access through most tissues and organs, Notably, modRNA vaccines exhibit a particular affinity for the bone marrow, potentially influencing the immune system at multiple levels and, triggering both autoimmune disorders and neoplastic processes. By integrating clinical observations and current research, we aim to provide valuable insights into the potential carcinogenic outcomes associated with modRNA vaccination. Cancer causing Mechanisms Toxic spike protein Vaccine induced lasts for longer than natural spike A double proline that confers greater stability. Synthetic pseudouridines contained in the modRNA have shown mitochondrial toxicity It has been demonstrated that this modification can increase the likelihood of +1 ribosomal frameshifting during translation, resulting in the production of multiple peptide products with unexplored effects (This obviously poses serious safety concerns as only a single antigen was supposed to be encoded by the modRNA, not many undefined peptides with unknown antigenic and autoimmune potential.) LNPs exhibits intrinsic cytotoxicity. Presence of LNP-encapsulated DNA contamination originating from residual plasmid DNA DNA integration may include the risk of tumorigenisis if insertion reduces the activity of a tumour suppressor or increases the activity of an oncogene. Vaccine induced T-cell immunosuppression, impairing cancer surveillance Interaction between the S2 subunit of the spike protein and the oncosuppressor proteins p53, BRCA1, and BRCA2 The impairment in type I interferon (IFN) signalling Increased Transforming Growth Factor Beta (TGF-β) Production. Vaccine begins to accumulate rapidly, particularly in the bone marrow, between 30 minutes and 48 hours following intramuscular injection, the concentration of radioactively labelled nanoparticles in the femoral bone marrow of rats increased by 7.9-fold. Proposed vaccine-i Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

    mRNA and carcinoma

  3. 2h ago

    Viral secrets

    Virus secrets, some known unknownsUploaded 01-10-22https://www.washingtonpost.com/health/2022/09/26/covid-questions-variants-long-covid/?utm_campaign=wp_to_your_health&utm_medium=email&utm_source=newsletter&wpisrc=nl_tyh6.5 million deaths, 16% in the USResearchers, more than 200,000 studiesFour times the number on influenza in the 100 yearsWhere did the virus come from, and why has it been so successful?Vincent Munster, virus ecology, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious DiseasesWe’ve now identified 20 or 30 of these viruses that all look very similar, but they are not the same. What is the true hideout place of the progenitor of SARS-CoV-2Escape from a labVirus evolved in nature and was being studiedVirus was created in the lab by researchersHow does it mutates so rapidly?(proofreading systems)Immune compromised peopleReverse zoonosishttps://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/daily-life-coping/animals.htmlhttps://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.02.22.481551v1.fullVirus found in 29 other animals so farMink, hamsters, mice, white-tailed deer, cats, dogs, ferrets, lions, tigers, snow leopards, otters, non-human primates, hyenas, hippopotamuses, and manatees.mule deer, a black-tailed marmoset, a giant anteaterMassively variable clinical picture?Why are older people effected more and children and the young protected?Why is it better to be 1 than 50?1918 flu pandemicHighest mortality rates, children 5 and under, adults 20 to 40, 65 and older1957 flu pandemic, Increases in the mortality rate relative to baselinehttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4747626/Greatest in school-aged children, young adults, elderly populationSomething to do with mucosal immunity and interferons?https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-021-04345-xGenetic variationAssociation Between the LZTFL1 rs11385942 Polymorphism and COVID-19 Severity in Colombian Populationhttps://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35795626/Genetic and non-genetic factors are responsible for the high interindividual variability in the response to SARS-CoV-2. https://support.google.com/youtube/answer/9891785Content that claims that any group or individual has immunity to the virus or cannot transmit the virusWhy do some people develop long covid?Why does covid severity differ by age and from one person to another?Self-reported long COVID more commonhttps://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/healthandsocialcare/conditionsanddiseases/articles/coronaviruscovid19latestinsights/infectionsaged 35 to 69 yearsfemales people living in more deprived areas those working in social carepeople not looking for work (less common in people looking for work)another activity-limiting health condition or disability   As time goes byBill Powderly, Division of Infectious Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis.The virus is becoming more infectious but less dangerous for the majority of peopleBut we’ve no guarantee that the virus wouldn’t develop additional mutations that would eventually make it more virulent in the future Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

  4. 3h ago

    Rampant BA 5

    Rant warning. There is a significant rant in this video starting at 15 minutes 20 seconds. Viewer discretion is advised as some may find this objectionable.Uploaded 22-07-22CDC variant nowcasthttps://covid.cdc.gov/covid-data-tracker/#variant-proportionsBA.5 77.9%BA.4 12.8%BA.2.12.1 8.6%BA.2 0.6%BA.1 0%Delta 0%Others 0%https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2021/us/covid-cases.html?campaign_id=185&emc=edit_yct_20220722&instance_id=67312&nl=coronavirus-tracker®i_id=110300449&segment_id=99240&te=1&user_id=0b87b8c1eea981ec0514047bbfa553caRisk of death in vaccinated and unvaccinatedHospital admission risk goes up with ageMr. Biden, (79) isolating at homeFully vaccinated, had second booster, end of MarchTested positive, Thursday. very mild symptomsTaking PaxlovidWhite House has stringent measures to prevent infectionhttps://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/healthandsocialcare/conditionsanddiseases/articles/coronaviruscovid19/latestinsights5.77% in England (1 in 17 people)6.03% in Wales (1 in 17 people)4.82% in Northern Ireland (1 in 20 people) 6.48% in Scotland (1 in 15 people)Long covid, data to 27 May 2022 Coronavirus Infection Survey, 12 to 16 weeks laboratory-confirmed infectionBA.1 4.5% BA.2 4.2%Delta 5.0% of triple-vaccinated adults,Zoe datahttps://health-study.joinzoe.com/dataJapan, highest level of vigilance https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/jul/22/japan-urges-highest-level-of-vigilance-as-omicron-subvariant-drives-record-covid-surgeNew wave of infectionsOmicron BA.5 subvariantCases, + 186,000, disproportionately affected children and young peopleRecent rise in cases, 60 +Lowest per capita rate of 38 OECD countries246 per million people Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

  5. 4h ago

    No protection against death

    Open access using this link:Uploaded 13-12-23https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/eci.14136Effectiveness of a fourth SARS-CoV-2 vaccine dose in previously infected individuals from AustriaEvidence is limited on the effectiveness of a fourth vaccine dose against coronavirus disease 2019,in populations with prior SARS-CoV-2 infections. We estimated the risk of COVID-19 deaths (primary outcome)We estimated the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infections (secondary outcome)MethodsAustria nationwide retrospective observational study. 1 November to 31 December 2022Primarily comparing individuals with four versus three vaccine doses. Whole population data.Results3,986,312 previously infected individuals281,291 (7,1%) had four vaccinations at baseline1,545,242 (38.8%) had three vaccinations at baseline We recorded69 COVID-19 deaths89,056 SARS-CoV-2 infectionsThe majority of COVID-19 deaths and a significant proportion of all-cause deaths occurred in nursing home residentsRelative vaccine effectiveness (rVE) for four versus three vaccine doses-24% against COVID-19 deaths17% against SARS-CoV-2 infections. Protection against infection rapidly diminished over time,and infection risk with four vaccinations was higher during extended follow-up until June 2023. Adjusted HR for all-cause mortality for four versus three vaccinations was 0.79.That is people with a 4th dose were only 79% as likely to die(Suggesting healthy vaccinee bias, i.e. healthier persons received more vaccine doses)DiscussionIn previously infected individuals, a fourth vaccination did not reduce COVID-19 death risk, but with transiently reduced risk of SARS-CoV-2 infections,and reversal of this effect in longer follow-up. All-cause mortality data suggest healthy vaccinee bias.More detailsMostly Pfizer vaccine, some ModernaIn this study, overall case fatality rate, 0.08%.(IFR, ? 0.008% if 10% of infections picked up)Individuals with repeated previous infections had reduced re-infection riskNatural immunity may be a main determinant of immunological protection in a populationBy end 2022, the vast majority of the global population had already acquired some immune protectionCompared to three vaccine doses, those with fewer or no vaccinations did not differ with regard to COVID-19 mortality,but had reduced risk of SARS-CoV-2 infections.In 2022, infection fatality rates due to SARS-CoV-2 significantly declined suggesting transitioning into endemicity.In general, our study results question whether recommendations for repeated vaccine boosters against SARS-CoV-2 are currently justified for large parts of the general population with a history of previous infections. Measures against SARS-CoV-2 including vaccine policy should be critically re-assessed for their risk-to-benefit ratio.As most SARS-CoV-2 infections are asymptomatic or mild in an endemic phase, effectiveness of vaccinations should be primarily evaluated according to hard clinical outcomes (e.g. COVID-19 deaths)Extended follow-upFrom 1 January to 30 June 2023Omicron XBB.1.5. was the predominant variant225 COVID-19 deaths174,174 SARS-CoV-2 infections. Analyses in 2023 confirm no relative vaccine effectiveness (rVE) for four versus three vaccine doses for COVID-19 mortality,but show higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 infections with a rVE of −17%Free download John’s textbooks in high res pdf.https://drjohncampbell.co.ukCheck out Campbell's Physiology Notes Dr John Campbell Sold by author on eBay!https://www.ebay.co.uk/itm/155780745424?mkcid=16&mkevt=1&mkrid=711-127632-2357-0&ssspo=K6raxMZrQnm&sssrc=4429486&ssuid=K6raxMZrQnm&var=&widget_ver=artemis&media=EMAIL Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

  6. 5h ago

    % lethal rate SARS virus

    Virus being experimented on in China. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/377199018_Lethal_Infection_of_Human_ACE2-Transgenic_Mice_Caused_by_SARS-CoV-2-related_Pangolin_Coronavirus_GX_P2Vshort_3UTR https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2024.01.03.574008v1.full.pdf https://www.theepochtimes.com/health/chinese-scientists-reveal-experiments-with-virus-100-percent-fatal-to-mice-5560854?utm_source=atcn&utm_content=hw1016multicomp&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=atc&utm_term=hws1comp SARS-CoV-2-related pangolin coronavirus GX_P2V, can cause 100% mortality in human ACE2-transgenic mice, potentially attributable to late-stage brain infection. Paper Authors Beijing Advanced Innovation Center Beijing University of Chemical Technology, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China. Medical School, Nanjing University, China (including a doctor trained by the Chinese military, Yigang Tong) Purpose of study Assessed virus pathogenicity Risk 100% IFR underscores a spillover risk of GX_P2V into humans, and provides a unique model for understanding the pathogenic mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2-related viruses. Details GX_P2V isolate was actually a cell culture-adapted mutant In this study, we cloned this mutant This is not a wild type virus It is possible that GX_P2V C7 has undergone a virulence-enhancing mutation. GX_P2V is capable of rapid mutation rates. High viral loads detected in both lung and brain tissues. Surprisingly, all the mice that were infected with the live virus succumbed to the infection within 7-8 days post-inoculation, Resulted in 100% mortality in the hACE2 mice. Clinical features Weight loss, Piloerection, hunched posture, sluggish movements, and their eyes turned white. Significant amounts of viral RNA in the brain, lung, turbinate, eye, trachea, reducing with time Infection did not lead to significant inflammatory reactions or cytokine storm Brain with high viral counts increasing during infection ACE2 receptors are found in the human brain Brainstem (especially areas regulating breathing and cardiovascular control) Hypothalamus Substantia nigra Cortex (low levels) Endothelial cells lining cerebral blood vessels Some neurons and glial cells The choroid plexus Justin Kinney, associate professor, Simons Center for Quantitative Biology, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, U.S. “I am especially concerned that the paper does not say what biosafety level the work was performed at. Coronavirus research in China is often done at a biosafety level (BSL-2) that is inadequate for working with potential pandemic pathogens that might be transmitted by air. “Indeed, coronavirus research done at BSL-2 may have caused the COVID-19 pandemic. And by showing that the coronavirus has a surprisingly high pathogenicity, the work underscores the need for extreme caution when working with novel coronaviruses.” Justin Goodman, senior vice president of the White Coat Waste Project, a U.S. nonprofit China-based scientists have been conducting “dangerous and deadly tests on mice.” “This is why shipping U.S. tax dollars to foreign adversaries’ unaccountable animal labs is a recipe for disaster …… Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

    % lethal rate SARS virus

  7. 6h ago

    Vitamin D and Global Shift

    Download a free copy of VITAMIN D3 and the Great Biology Reset, by Professor David Anderson and Dr David Grimes. https://dgreatbiologyreset.com/#download Dr Grime’s book to introduce the importance of vitamin D https://yorkbookshop.com/health-and-personal-development/307-vitamin-d-deficiency-and-covid-19-its-central-role-in-a-world-pandemic.html Welcome to Professor David Coussmaker Anderson, who has had a lifetime in medicine, consultant physician, professor of endocrinology, medical researcher, medical author, medical teacher and lecturer. Member of the royal society of medicine, member of the American endocrine society … we could go on. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

    Vitamin D and Global Shift

  8. 7h ago

    mRNA horizon

    Moderna Receives U.S. FDA Approval for RSV Vaccine mRESVIA(R) https://news.modernatx.com/news/news-details/2024/Moderna-Receives-U.S.-FDA-Approval-for-RSV-Vaccine-mRESVIAR/default.aspx May 31, 2024 Moderna, today announced that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved mRESVIA (mRNA-1345), an mRNA respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccine, to protect adults aged 60 years and older from lower respiratory tract disease caused by RSV infection. The approval was granted under a breakthrough therapy designation and marks the second approved mRNA product from Moderna. Stéphane Bancel, Chief Executive Officer of Moderna. The FDA approval of our second product, mRESVIA, builds on the strength and versatility of our mRNA platform Moderna expects to have mRESVIA available for eligible populations in the U.S. by the 2024/2025 respiratory virus season. Moderna has filed for mRNA-1345 approval with regulators in multiple markets around the world. https://www.clinicaltrialsarena.com/news/moderna-races-ahead-in-flu-and-covid-19-combo-vaccine-race-with-phase-iii-win/ Moderna races ahead in flu and Covid-19 combo vaccine race with Phase III win Moderna injection mRNA-1083 Comprises a seasonal influenza vaccine candidate, mRNA-1010, and a next-generation Covid-19 vaccine prospect called mRNA-1283. Moderna announces positive data from a Phase III trial of its mRNA vaccine candidate. Now, in a Phase III trial (NCT06097273) for mRNA-1083 Moderna “statistically significantly higher immune responses” compared to existing vaccines on the market. The trial met its primary endpoints, Moderna said in a 10 June press release. Immune response was seen across three influenza virus strains (H1N1, H3N2, and B/Victoria) and against SARS-CoV-2. Although Moderna has not published the full dataset from the Phase III trial, it plans to present the results in more detail at an upcoming medical conference, in addition to a submission for publication. The company said it “will engage with regulators on next steps”. Other mRNA vaccines in development Moderna Advances Multiple Vaccine Programs to Late-Stage Clinical Trials https://news.modernatx.com/news/news-details/2024/Moderna-Advances-Multiple-Vaccine-Programs-to-Late-Stage-Clinical-Trials/default.aspx Cytomegalovirus (CMV) CMVictory is a pivotal Phase 3 trial evaluating mRNA-1647 against primary CMV infection in women 16 to 40 years of age. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) mRNA-1189 The randomized, observer-blind, placebo-controlled study is fully enrolled. Herpes simplex virus (HSV) mRNA-1608 Phase 1/2 trial The randomized 1:1:1:1, observer-blind, controlled study is fully enrolled with 300 participants in the U.S. Varicella-Zoster virus (VZV) Moderna's VZV vaccine candidate mRNA-1468 has initial data available from a Phase 1/2 trial Norovirus The Company is advancing mRNA-1403 toward a pivotal Phase 3 trial. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

    mRNA horizon
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About

Hello Everyone, My name is John Campbell and I am a retired Nurse Teacher and former clinical nurse based in England. I also do some teaching in Asia and Africa when time permits. These videos are to help students to learn the background to all forms of health care. My PhD focused on the development of open learning resources for nurses nationally and internationally. LinkedIn profile, https://www.linkedin.com/in/dr-john-campbell-5256223b/ Twitter, https://twitter.com/Johnincarlisle Disclaimer; These media including videos, book, e book, articles, podcasts are not peer-reviewed. They should never replace individual clinical judgement from your own health care provider. No media-based material on this channel is suitable for using as professional medical advice. All comments are also for educational purposed only and must never replace advice from your own health care provider

Information

  • Creator
    Campbellteaching
  • Years Active
    2026
  • Episodes
    784

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