Good morning! Today is Monday, October 19th 2026, and this is The American Conservative's Morning Brief. Jude Russo examines how Erdoğan, once jailed by Turkey's Kemalist "deep state," has become the establishment he spent his career fighting, even as inflation, repression, and succession questions cloud his foreign policy winning streak. With 92 ambassadorial posts vacant, Peter Van Buren argues that if embassies can run for months under career chargés, the real question is whether political ambassadorships were ever as indispensable as their defenders claim. and now for the details. We turn first to Turkey, where President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan is enjoying a run of foreign policy wins even as pressures mount at home. The Kurdistan Workers' Party has notionally dissolved after its imprisoned leader called for arms to be laid down. In Washington last month, Erdoğan secured a memorandum on civilian nuclear cooperation and defense goods including jet engines. At July's NATO summit, President Trump signaled openness to lifting sanctions so Turkey could acquire F-35s. And in August, Ankara signed the Mecca Defense Alliance with Riyadh and Islamabad. Yet inflation still runs near 30 percent, growth is slowing, and Erdoğan's domestic tactics are growing more repressive. In May, the Erdoğan-appointed judiciary voided the leadership elections of the main opposition CHP, prompting riot police to physically remove its leader, Özgür Özel, from party headquarters. Özel broke away in July to form the Yeni Parti, accusing the "deep state" of persecuting Erdoğan's opponents. As Jude Russo writes in The American Conservative, this is a deeply ironic turn. "Deep state" is originally a Turkish term, describing the Kemalist elite complex that for decades knocked back popular, religiously-rooted politicians—including, once, Erdoğan himself, who was jailed in 1999 for reciting a nationalist poem. Russo argues Erdoğan was the earliest of the 21st century's right-wing populists, and his career now illustrates the classic populist dilemma: to advance his agenda, he had to become the establishment, inheriting its dysfunctions, or concentrate power in his own person, leaving the project vulnerable when he departs. At 72, with succession looming and figures like Foreign Minister Hakan Fidan and son-in-law Selçuk Bayraktar in the mix, Russo observes it is difficult to imagine anyone filling Erdoğan's enormous role in the modern Turkish state. Next, a question about American diplomacy itself. The Trump administration currently has 92 ambassadorial seats sitting empty, with nominees either stuck in Senate confirmation or no nominee named at all. By comparison, at the same point in their presidencies, Biden had 54 vacancies and the first Trump administration had 55. Vacant posts include some significant ones—Egypt, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and Germany among them. Senate Foreign Relations Democrat Jeanne Shaheen has accused the administration of retreating from the world stage, noting that China keeps ambassadors in nearly every capital. Writing in The American Conservative, Peter Van Buren—a State Department veteran of more than two decades—asks whether this is really the problem critics claim. Van Buren notes that since 1960, 72 percent of American ambassadors to desirable posts in Western Europe and the Caribbean have been political appointees, their primary qualification often being generous donations to the winning campaign. When an ambassador is absent, the embassy is led by a chargé—typically the deputy chief of mission, usually a seasoned Foreign Service Officer with deep country experience. Van Buren argues that embassies as currently constituted were designed for a 19th-century world without video calls, encrypted messaging, cabinet-level travel, and direct leader-to-leader communication. Critics, he writes, rarely identify specific policy outcomes that required a Senate-confirmed ambassador rather than a competent chargé. If 92 embassies can function for months without ambassadors, Van Buren suggests, the honest question is how indispensable those positions were in the first place. Those are today's highlights. For the full stories and more, visit theamericanconservative.com. Thank you for starting your morning with us.