Facetime with Scientists

fromthelabbench

This show dives into the world of science (and art!) with behind-the-scenes chats with researchers in their natural habitats. Get ready to hear and see the scientific process in new detail!

  1. 3d ago

    How Drugs Are Formulated and Tested, with Amanda Plunze

    This FaceTime With Scientists episode covers everything you might not know about how drug molecules are formulated into the final products you get from your local pharmacy. You'll learn why formulation is critical to how well a drug works.Dive into a fascinating discussion about how pharmaceutical drugs are formulated into dissolvable tablets, time-release pills, inhalers, and more, with research scientist Amanda Plunze. Amanda works for an organization (a CDMO) that partners with pharma companies to formulate and test drug molecules across stages from early discovery to commercial manufacturing to ensure these drugs are safe, stable, and work as intended.In this episode, watch Amanda perform stability testing and potency/impurity analysis of an intermediate powder drug formulation designed to help poorly water-soluble molecules (more like pepper than sugar) dissolve in the stomach. She uses high-performance liquid chromatography to measure how well drug molecules in powder formuations stay intact once exposed to different temperature and humidity conditions. Amanda explains key formulation priorities—manufacturability, performance in the body (and how she tests how well drugs dissolve in simulated gastric fluids), and shelf-life stability. She also covers what's new and exciting in drug formulation, including efforts to create dry-powder inhaled vaccines. We also talked about why you shouldn't be afraid to ask your doctor and pharmacist questions about your medications, and common misconceptions about what goes into making effective tablets, pills, and inhalers. Watch now to learn more!00:00 Meet Amanda Plunze00:21 What a CDMO Does01:10 The Pipeline of Drug Development02:16 Inside Today’s Lab Test - Testing Drug Stability02:37 Why Drug Water-Solubility Matters03:46 Stability Testing Basics08:58 HPLC Explained: How Amanda Tests Drugs for Degradation11:29 Drug Powder Handling Safety16:39 Traceable Weighing Labels18:10 Food vs Pharma Grade Drug Testing21:05 Sample Prep Bench Skills28:57 How Well Do Drugs Dissolve in the Stomach? In Vitro Dissolution Testing31:49 Designing Inhaled Medicines33:37 Inhaled Vaccine Breakthrough35:00 Why Drug Delivery Methods Matter35:45 Formulation Stability Basics36:57 The Jenga Game Model of How Drugs Dissolve39:08 Partnering With Pharma41:40 Testing Drugs From Lab To Market43:35 Lab Walkthrough44:30 Helping People Better Understand Their Medicines48:41 Why Drug Instructions Get Ignored - Storytelling Matters53:22 Food Effects on Drug Absorption56:46 Overcoming Pharma Mistrust01:02:24 Supplements Versus Medicines01:04:45 Regulation And Better Formulations01:06:22 Big Picture Wrap Up

  2. Sep 5

    What We Breathe Can Impact Asthma Risk Across Generations: Dr. Noel Explains!

    In this episode of Facetime with Scientists, I interview Dr. Alexandra Noel, an inhalation toxicologist at LSU’s vet school. Dr. Noel studies how inhaled pollutants—air pollution, wildfire smoke, cigarette smoke, vaping aerosols, workplace nanoparticles, and microplastics—affect lung health.  Smoke, whether it is cigarette smoke or wildfire smoke, contains particulate matter as well as gases. Noel explains why particle size matters (PM10 vs PM2.5 vs ultrafine) and how smaller particles reach deeper regions of the lungs, worsening conditions like asthma. But she also points out that one of her recent studies found that the gas phase of wildfire smoke is toxic on its own, especially to the lungs, while particulate matter is toxic systemically across the body.  Noel discusses research on vaping, cigarette smoke, microplastics, and occupational nanoparticles, and how findings can inform public health policy. She also outlines in utero mouse studies linking gestational e-cigarette exposure to worsened allergen-triggered asthma via epigenetic methylation changes (in the IL-10 cytokine pathway). She notes transgenerational asthma risk from a smoking grandparent, highlights potential paternal transmission, and shares how you can protect your own health and manage your asthma triggers even if you have an epigenetic predisposition to asthma.  Finally, Noel discusses her career path and offers advice about perseverance in scientific research. 00:00 Asthma Across Generations 00:42 Meet Dr Alexandra Noel 01:54 Inside Inhalation Toxicology 05:37 Wildfire Smoke and PM Sizes 10:46 Teasing Apart Smoke Chemistry 15:19 Surprising Gas Phase Findings 17:17 From Research to Policy 19:53 Staying Hopeful and Finding Treatments 25:00 In Utero Exposure and Epigenetics 31:05 Second Hit Timing and Real Life Exposure 33:29 DOHAD and fetal windows 34:47 Nutrition and lifelong risk 35:55 Transgenerational asthma links 38:26 Wildfire exposure mitigation 40:08 Career path in toxicology 43:53 Microplastics inhalation sources 46:37 Personal exposure choices 50:45 Individual vs public health 52:49 Science setbacks and funding 56:47 Why academia is rewarding 59:13 Closing thanks and outreach

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This show dives into the world of science (and art!) with behind-the-scenes chats with researchers in their natural habitats. Get ready to hear and see the scientific process in new detail!