China's industrial profits grew at its fastest pace in nearly two years in September, official data showed on Monday, as policy measures to rein in rat-race competition helped ease pressure on manufacturers despite lingering domestic and external headwinds. 官方数据于周一显示，尽管国内外不利因素仍存，但随着遏制无序竞争的政策措施帮助缓解了制造商的压力，9月中国工业利润增速达到近两年来的最高水平。 Analysts attributed the rebound in corporate profitability to firmer prices and resilient industrial output, supported by Beijing's pro-growth policies, pointing to a stabilizing economy buoyed by the strong performance of the new quality productive forces. 分析师认为，在国家稳增长政策的支撑下，产品价格趋稳以及工业产出保持韧性，推动了企业盈利能力的回升。他们指出，得益于新质生产力的良好发展态势，中国经济正趋于稳定。 Looking ahead, they expect the recovery momentum to extend into the fourth quarter, with policymakers likely to intensify countercyclical adjustments to boost domestic demand, spur market confidence and reinforce internal growth drivers — keeping China on track to meet its full-year growth target. 展望未来，分析师预计复苏势头将延续至第四季度。政策制定者可能会加大逆周期调节力度，以扩大内需、提振市场信心并强化内生增长动力，确保中国能够实现全年经济增长目标。 China's industrial enterprises with an annual revenue of at least 20 million yuan ($2.8 million) saw their total profits soar 21.6 percent year-on-year in September, following a 20.4 percent jump in August, marking the largest gain since November 2023, data from the National Bureau of Statistics showed on Monday. 国家统计局周一发布的数据显示，9月，年营业收入2000万元（约合280万美元）及以上的中国工业企业，其实现利润总额同比激增21.6%；8月该指标同比增幅为20.4%。这意味着9月工业利润增幅创下2023年11月以来的最高纪录。 During the first nine months of the year, profits at major industrial companies grew to 5.37 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 3.2 percent, following a 0.9 percent rise in the first eight months. 今年前9个月，规模以上工业企业实现利润5.37万亿元，同比增长3.2%；前8个月该指标同比增幅为0.9%。 Wen Bin, chief economist at China Minsheng Bank, said: "The strong growth in September's industrial profits was largely driven by a low base from last year, combined with stabilizing production, easing price pressures and improving profit margins." 中国民生银行首席经济学家温彬表示：“9月工业利润的强劲增长，很大程度上得益于去年同期的低基数效应，同时也受到生产企稳、价格压力缓解以及利润率改善等因素的综合推动。” NBS data showed China's industrial output surged 6.5 percent year-on-year in September after a 5.2 percent rise in August, marking the first acceleration in three months. 国家统计局数据显示，9月中国工业增加值同比增长6.5%，较8月的5.2%有所提升，这是该指标近三个月来首次出现增速加快。 Meanwhile, China's producer price index — which measures factory-gate prices — fell 2.3 percent year-on-year in September, easing from a 2.9 percent drop in August. 与此同时，9月中国工业品出厂价格指数（PPI，衡量工厂端产品价格水平）同比下降2.3%，降幅较8月的2.9%有所收窄。 Wen also noted that "structural bright spots are a key part of the rebound in corporate profitability", underpinned by the robust performance of high-tech manufacturing and equipment manufacturing sectors. 温彬还指出，“结构性亮点是企业盈利能力回升的关键因素”，而高新技术制造业和装备制造业的强劲表现为这一亮点提供了支撑。 According to the NBS, profits in high-tech manufacturing industries surged 26.8 percent in September, driving overall industrial profit growth to accelerate by 6.1 percentage points. 国家统计局数据显示，9月高新技术制造业利润同比激增26.8%，拉动全部工业利润增速加快6.1个百分点。 For the first nine months, profits in equipment manufacturing industries soared 9.4 percent, contributing 3.4 percentage points to overall profit growth. 今年前9个月，装备制造业利润同比大幅增长9.4%，对全部工业利润增长的贡献率达到3.4个百分点。 Citing the faster profit growth among private sector and foreign companies, Wen said that it indicates market expectations are improving, and business confidence is recovering. 温彬提到，私营企业和外资企业利润增速加快，这表明市场预期正在改善，企业信心逐步恢复。 Looking ahead, he said the fourth quarter will likely see steady growth in industrial profits with the government's effective measures to curb involution competition, easing price pressures and improving corporate profitability. 他表示，展望未来，随着政府采取有效措施遏制行业内卷、价格压力进一步缓解以及企业盈利能力持续改善，第四季度工业利润有望保持稳定增长。 In the communique of the fourth plenary session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, which was released on Thursday, policymakers called for "resolutely achieving the economic and social targets set for this year", suggesting they will ensure GDP growth will reach the "around 5 percent" growth target. 中共二十届四中全会公报于周四发布，其中政策制定者提出“坚决完成今年经济社会发展目标任务”，这一表述意味着政府将确保国内生产总值（GDP）实现“5%左右”的增长目标。 Lu Ting, chief China economist at Nomura, said he expects the country to refocus on short-term growth stability. "Beijing just needs around 4.2 percent GDP growth in the fourth quarter to deliver that target. So, from a statistics perspective, it's easily within reach," he said. 野村证券首席中国经济学家陆挺表示，预计中国将重新聚焦短期经济稳定增长。他指出：“要实现全年增长目标，中国第四季度GDP增速只需达到4.2%左右即可。因此，从统计角度来看，这一目标触手可及。” The best strategy is to resist the temptation to fuel the stock markets by avoiding too high-profile monetary measures in the near term, remaining vigilant by avoiding contractionary policies, cleaning up the property market problem, and addressing some deep-rooted problems such as the unequal social security system, Lu said. 陆挺认为，当前最佳策略是：短期内避免推出过于高调的货币政策，抵制刺激股市的诱惑；保持警惕，不采取紧缩性政策；着力解决房地产市场问题；并应对一些深层次问题，如社会保障体系不均衡等。 A report released by the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences' Institute of Finance & Banking on Monday noted that insufficient effective demand remains a prominent challenge. 中国社会科学院金融研究所周一发布的一份报告指出，有效需求不足仍是当前面临的突出挑战。 Against the backdrop of US-China trade friction and profound structural economic shifts, the report said China should advance macroeconomic governance system innovation that addresses both existing structures and new growth drivers, with a focus on enhancing policy efficacy. 报告称，在美国对华贸易摩擦以及国内经济结构性深刻调整的背景下，中国应推进兼顾现有结构与新增动力的宏观经济治理体系改革，并重点提升政策实施效果。 "In the short term, macro policies should be proactively strengthened, including more forceful fiscal spending tilted toward consumption stimulation, utilizing the room for interest rate cuts and reserve requirement ratio reductions created by the US Federal Reserve's move, and implementing multi-pronged measures to stabilize the property market and foster its high-quality development," said Wang Qing, assistant researcher at the institute. 该研究所助理研究员王青（音译）表示：“短期内，应积极加大宏观政策力度，包括采取更有力的财政支出措施并向刺激消费倾斜、利用美联储政策调整所带来的降息降准空间，以及通过多方面举措稳定房地产市场、推动其高质量发展。” resilient /rɪˈzɪliənt/ adj.能快速恢复的，具韧性的 countercyclical /ˌkaʊntəˈsaɪklɪkl/ adj.反经济周期的
