Global Research Unlocked BofA Global Research

AI: Hardware Today, Software Tomorrow
Corporate investments in AI have had significant impact on the financials of certain semiconductor and server companies, but while software providers stand to benefit from AI investments too, the technology hasn't yet shown up in the profits of these companies in a meaningful way. Alkesh Shah draws parallels between AI today and the Internet in 1995. Back then, investments were mainly in equipment and chips and the successful Internet companies that we know today hadn't even emerged yet. Internet applications that exist today hadn't even been imagined in many cases, suggesting that for software, much of this opportunity is still ahead. For the market as a whole, the cost savings and revenue opportunities that may come from AI are also still very much in the future, and our survey of BofA analysts suggests corporate AI implementation could boost S&P operating margins by 250bps, equivalent to ~$65bn in cost savings, over the next 5 years.
 
You may also enjoy listening to the Merrill Perspectives podcast, featuring conversations on the big stories, news and trends affecting your everyday financial life.
 
"Bank of America" and “BofA Securities” are the marketing names for the global banking businesses and global markets businesses (which includes BofA Global Research) of Bank of America Corporation. Lending, derivatives, and other commercial banking activities are performed globally by banking affiliates of Bank of America Corporation, including Bank of America, N.A., Member FDIC. Securities, trading, research, strategic advisory, and other investment banking and markets activities are performed globally by affiliates of Bank of America Corporation, including, in the United States, BofA Securities, Inc. a registered broker-dealer and Member of FINRA and SIPC, and, in other jurisdictions, by locally registered entities.
©2024 Bank of America Corporation. All rights reserved.

Higher rates broadening the converts issuance market
Convertible bonds (CBs) can offer equity-like returns with downside protection thanks to the coupon and the ability to redeem most CBs at par. Thus far in 2024, CB issuance has been active, well ahead of levels seen the last few years. Michael discusses the reasons for such an active issuance year, including that Pandemic debt issuance, which was at record levels in the convert space, is starting to come due and converts offer issuers the ability to lower their coupons at a time of relatively high rates. We do have a constructive view on converts for 2024 but we're not overly bullish. That's because converts tend to be issued by smaller companies, and delayed rate cuts present a risk to those stocks. Also, continued appetite for mega cap tech could be a challenge for small caps. On an absolute basis, converts perform best when equities and GDP growth are strong, and relative to equities, they act best later in cycles. Institutional investors can purchase CBs outright but retail investors can gain exposure through mutual funds and exchange traded funds.
 
You may also enjoy listening to the Merrill Perspectives podcast, featuring conversations on the big stories, news and trends affecting your everyday financial life.
 
"Bank of America" and “BofA Securities” are the marketing names for the global banking businesses and global markets businesses (which includes BofA Global Research) of Bank of America Corporation. Lending, derivatives, and other commercial banking activities are performed globally by banking affiliates of Bank of America Corporation, including Bank of America, N.A., Member FDIC. Securities, trading, research, strategic advisory, and other investment banking and markets activities are performed globally by affiliates of Bank of America Corporation, including, in the United States, BofA Securities, Inc. a registered broker-dealer and Member of FINRA and SIPC, and, in other jurisdictions, by locally registered entities.
©2024 Bank of America Corporation. All rights reserved.

Earnings improvement is still fairly nascent
In 2023, we saw an earnings recession, at least in the first half of the year, despite GDP growth that was ahead of trend. Back then, companies were adapting to higher rates, weaker demand and climbing costs, which weighed on earnings. Ohsung Kwon expects earnings growth to look much better in 2024. This year benefits from a lower 2023 earnings base on which to build as well as a number of positives, including rising margins through more rational costs and improved demand in certain sectors. US Equity Strategy believes that capex growth from large cap tech will be virtuous, boosting other groups from semis to hardware to power grid equipment. The end of destocking indicates the end of the manufacturing recession and could be meaningful for the earnings recovery as consumers shift from services back to the goods side of the economy. And while estimating 2025 earnings is difficult as much can happen between now and then, we see compelling growth next year too, partly on better demand, helped to some degree by Fed cuts.
 
You may also enjoy listening to the Merrill Perspectives podcast, featuring conversations on the big stories, news and trends affecting your everyday financial life.
 
"Bank of America" and “BofA Securities” are the marketing names for the global banking businesses and global markets businesses (which includes BofA Global Research) of Bank of America Corporation. Lending, derivatives, and other commercial banking activities are performed globally by banking affiliates of Bank of America Corporation, including Bank of America, N.A., Member FDIC. Securities, trading, research, strategic advisory, and other investment banking and markets activities are performed globally by affiliates of Bank of America Corporation, including, in the United States, BofA Securities, Inc. a registered broker-dealer and Member of FINRA and SIPC, and, in other jurisdictions, by locally registered entities.
©2024 Bank of America Corporation. All rights reserved.

Data trends are approaching Fed threshold for rate cuts
The latest economic data releases this year suggest the labor market remains strong but is cooling and the consumer is resilient in the face of sticky inflation, especially on the services side of the economy. Michael Gapen says the rebound in the labor force, labor participation and net migration played a crucial role in his revised US GDP (gross domestic product) estimates where he forecasts higher economic growth in 2024 and lower growth in 2025. Much of this positive data has led the Fed to delay their first rate cut from March to June according to our US Economics team's forecast. However, equity market strengths should help keep inflation sticky, but shouldn't reverse the downward trend. Productivity enhancements from AI still aren't reflecting in the economic data and we're still a few years off until we see AI's impact.
 
You may also enjoy listening to the Merrill Perspectives podcast, featuring conversations on the big stories, news and trends affecting your everyday financial life.
 
"Bank of America" and “BofA Securities” are the marketing names for the global banking businesses and global markets businesses (which includes BofA Global Research) of Bank of America Corporation. Lending, derivatives, and other commercial banking activities are performed globally by banking affiliates of Bank of America Corporation, including Bank of America, N.A., Member FDIC. Securities, trading, research, strategic advisory, and other investment banking and markets activities are performed globally by affiliates of Bank of America Corporation, including, in the United States, BofA Securities, Inc. a registered broker-dealer and Member of FINRA and SIPC, and, in other jurisdictions, by locally registered entities.
©2024 Bank of America Corporation. All rights reserved

Transports would ride the cycle but modes matter
Transport metrics had been in an extended downturn for around 18 months. Demand was depressed, inventory levels were high and end demand for goods had faded from COVID highs. But more recently there are signs of stabilization in some of the data tracked by BofA Global Research, partly because trucking supply has been removed. And some purchasing managers indices, or PMIs, have shown modest improvement. Ken Hoexter discusses what this improvement means for different modes of transportation and when those modes would stand to benefit. And within transports, rails have a long track record of outperforming the S&P, but since the start of 2023, the group has underperformed. Ken discusses why performance had weakened, what's changed for the better more recently and the structural changes that could benefit the rail group.
 
You may also enjoy listening to the Merrill Perspectives podcast, featuring conversations on the big stories, news and trends affecting your everyday financial life.
 
"Bank of America" and “BofA Securities” are the marketing names for the global banking businesses and global markets businesses (which includes BofA Global Research) of Bank of America Corporation. Lending, derivatives, and other commercial banking activities are performed globally by banking affiliates of Bank of America Corporation, including Bank of America, N.A., Member FDIC. Securities, trading, research, strategic advisory, and other investment banking and markets activities are performed globally by affiliates of Bank of America Corporation, including, in the United States, BofA Securities, Inc. a registered broker-dealer and Member of FINRA and SIPC, and, in other jurisdictions, by locally registered entities.
©2024 Bank of America Corporation. All rights reserved.
 

A number of things can go right for Europe
Earlier this month, BofA Securities hosted a Global Investor Summit in Rome, Italy. In attendance were corporate executives, prominent investors, policy experts, members of BofA management and several BofA Global Research strategists. Topics ranged from private capital to understanding central banks to the future of Europe. Michael Hartnett suggests that while European markets have been doing well, you often hear a less bullish view of the world in the region. Perhaps this is because of Europe's dependency issues, from energy to trade and beyond. But European stocks have done well at times of geopolitical peace. And Europe, with its dependence on trade, may benefit from the improving indicators that several BofA Research strategists have been highlighting. Join us in this special Europe-focused episode.
 
You may also enjoy listening to the Merrill Perspectives podcast, featuring conversations on the big stories, news and trends affecting your everyday financial life.
 
"Bank of America" and “BofA Securities” are the marketing names for the global banking businesses and global markets businesses (which includes BofA Global Research) of Bank of America Corporation. Lending, derivatives, and other commercial banking activities are performed globally by banking affiliates of Bank of America Corporation, including Bank of America, N.A., Member FDIC. Securities, trading, research, strategic advisory, and other investment banking and markets activities are performed globally by affiliates of Bank of America Corporation, including, in the United States, BofA Securities, Inc. a registered broker-dealer and Member of FINRA and SIPC, and, in other jurisdictions, by locally registered entities.
©2024 Bank of America Corporation. All rights reserved.