Dr. John Campbell

Campbellteaching

Hello Everyone, My name is John Campbell and I am a retired Nurse Teacher and former clinical nurse based in England. I also do some teaching in Asia and Africa when time permits. These videos are to help students to learn the background to all forms of health care. My PhD focused on the development of open learning resources for nurses nationally and internationally. LinkedIn profile, https://www.linkedin.com/in/dr-john-campbell-5256223b/ Twitter, https://twitter.com/Johnincarlisle Disclaimer; These media including videos, book, e book, articles, podcasts are not peer-reviewed. They should never replace individual clinical judgement from your own health care provider. No media-based material on this channel is suitable for using as professional medical advice. All comments are also for educational purposed only and must never replace advice from your own health care provider

  1. 25m ago

    China, tens of millions contaminated

    China enters second wave Poor data, cases, infections, hospitalisations, deaths, genomes https://covid19.who.int/region/wpro/country/cn Population 1,412,600,000 Will be infected in next 6 weeks Daily new infection rate over an 8 week period Per week = 176,575,000 Per day = 25,225,011 World meter https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/country/china/ Actual deaths https://covid19.healthdata.org/china?view=cumulative-deaths&tab=trend Over the next 3 months Therefore about 100,000 deaths per month About 3,300 per day Population 1,412,600,000 Infection fatality rate = 0.000207 Main variants https://www.globaltimes.cn/page/202211/1280588.shtml https://asiatimes.com/2022/12/new-stealth-omicron-variant-spreading-fast-in-china/ Omicron, BF.7, (BA.5.2.1.7) Sub-lineage of omicron variant BA.5 Italy https://www.telegraph.co.uk/world-news/2022/12/29/europe-debates-tougher-covid-restrictions-half-chinese-arrivals/ Flight into Milan’s Malpensa airport Mandatory Covid tests for flights from China December 26 First flight, 38% tested positive Second flight, 52% tested positive Positives to be used for genomic testing Spallanzani Institute, Italy, Infectious diseases hospital It would be better if the coordination of surveillance should take place at a European level Screening passengers from China Italy, US, India, Japan, Malaysia, Taiwan UK not testing arrivals from China 26 direct flights due in January Half a million visitors per year Immune-evasive / more transmissible variant Lots of people infected today Some with immune compromise Ongoing contact with potential animal reservoirs Potential for reverse zoonosis Professor Aris Katzourakis, Evolution and Genomics, University of Oxford I am not going to predict a direction, but there will be a whole lot of opportunity for rapid change Xu Wenbo, China, Center for Disease Control and Prevention More than 130 omicron sublineages, detected in China over the last three months The fact that 1.4 billion people are suddenly exposed to SARS-CoV-2 obviously creates conditions prone to emerging variants Antoine Flahault, Institute of Global Health, University of Geneva Any variants, when more transmissible than the previous dominant ones, definitely represent threats, since they can cause new waves When is a covid death a covid death? https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/dec/21/china-covid-infection-surge-puts-end-of-global-emergency-in-doubt-who http://www.nhc.gov.cn/xcs/s3574/202212/a9510969ad85461297016f6ad1c87770.shtml Prof Wang Guiqiang, National Health Commission Revised its guidelines, to scientifically and objectively reflect deaths caused by the coronavirus pandemic Only fatalities caused by pneumonia and respiratory failure Not deaths caused by cardiovascular, cerebrovascular diseases, blood clots, sepsis the main cause of death from infection with Omicron is the underlying diseases Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

    China, tens of millions contaminated
  2. 1h ago

    Monkeypox, emerging data

    UK monkeypox data, As of 4 August 2022, https://www.gov.uk/government/news/monkeypox-cases-confirmed-in-england-latest-updates Confirmed cases, 2,768 Highly probable, 91 In England, 2,730 A high proportion of cases in London Was 75% Latest, 66% Monkeypox outbreak: epidemiological overview https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/monkeypox-outbreak-epidemiological-overview https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/monkeypox-outbreak-epidemiological-overview/monkeypox-outbreak-epidemiological-overview-5-august-2022 2018 to 2021 7 cases of monkeypox in the UK Rare and Imported Pathogens Laboratory (RIPL) Some NHS laboratories now testing, orthopox polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test Monkeypox outbreak: technical briefing 5 5th August https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/monkeypox-outbreak-technical-briefings https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/monkeypox-outbreak-technical-briefings/investigation-into-monkeypox-outbreak-in-england-technical-briefing-5 Over the past couple of weeks there has been approximately no change in the daily number of confirmed cases. Ascertainment Testing is freely available, it is likely that there is under ascertainment Atypical symptoms, single or scarce lesions, international reports of subclinical infection Level 2 is defined as transmission within a defined sub-population, currently gay, bisexual and men who have sex with men (GBMSM) connected by sexual networks. Data does not suggest a change in case mix (703 out of 2,638) 22 women with confirmed or highly probable monkeypox in England No robust evidence of sustained transmission outside some sexual networks of GBMSM Route of transmission Primary reported route is through close or sexual contact, monkeypox virus has been detected in air and environmental samples in the hospital room of infected patients. No confirmed instances of airborne transmission Limited household transmission has been described in the UK Small numbers with no known route of acquisition, (due to no sex or other potential exposures during incubation period) Assessment (confidence): transmitting primarily through close or sexual contact (moderate). Observed clinical severity No reported deaths in the UK Significant morbidity, severe pain, secondary bacterial infection Virological characterisation UK genomic data is now available. Mostly distinct lineage B.1 Has 61 mutations of unknown significance Two UK cases and some international cases, lineage A.2 No clear-cut evidence of adaptation for improved human transmission. Assessment (confidence): insufficient data. Metrics GBMSM, 95.3% History of STI in past year, 53.9% One or no sexual partners in past 3 months, 13.9% Ten + sexual partners in past 3 months, 30.4% Living with HIV, 26% https://monkeypoxreport.ecdc.europa.eu Cases, 15,926, from 38 countries, European region Laboratory confirmed, 15,524 West African clade, 203 (limited sequencing) Earliest date of symptom, 11 March 2022 Male, 99.1% HIV-positive, 36% Presentation Presented with a rash (9,126 / 9,626) 94.8% Systemic symptoms Such as fever, fatigue, muscle pain, chills, or headache (6,300 / 9, 626) 65% Hospitalised 399 (5.6%), of which 150 cases required clinical care. Three cases Admitted to ICU, 3 (1 unrelated) Two other cases admitted to ICU died of monkeypox Cases reported in health workers, 41 No occupational exposure Dear Secretary of State https://www.tht.org.uk/sites/default/files/2022-08/LGBT%20political%20groups%20letter%20on%20monkeypox%20August%202022_0.pdf Without urgent action, we risk monkeypox becoming endemic in the UK. GBMSM, Messaging must reach communities at high risk of acquiring monkeypox, through targeted messaging on apps, online and in the queer media. Vaccinating those most at risk of monkeypox must be a priority if we are to stand a chance of pre Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

  3. 1h ago

    Omicron variants drive summer increases

    Direct link to Africa videos, https://www.youtube.com/c/WefwafwaAndrew (Subscribing to Wefwafwa’s channel will help this work) And Ben’s latest update https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hrcbQiAbBtQ Omicron, BA.4 and BA.5 Growth advantage, good at evading the immune system UK ONS https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/healthandsocialcare/conditionsanddiseases/articles/coronaviruscovid19/latestinsights 2.07% in England (1 in 50 people) 2.13% in Wales (1 in 45 people) 2.34% in Northern Ireland (1 in 45 people) 3.36% in Scotland (1 in 30 people) Risk of re-infection Seven times higher with Omicron (20 December 2021 onwards) Compared with Delta (17 May to 19 December 2021). BMJ, Covid-19: Omicron sub variants driving new wave of infections in UK https://www.bmj.com/content/377/bmj.o1506 Start of a new wave of covid infections, BA.4 and BA.5. Covid infections up 43% week on week Independent Sage, Kit Yates, University of Bath It is pretty much official from the latest ONS data that the UK has entered the next wave of covid. It is most concerning to see that there has been an increase in covid infections in older age groups Hospital admissions, England Up 31% week on week Beds occupied, 5,008 1st June, 3,800 Deepti Gurdasani, William Harvey Research Institute This is our second wave in six months, and infection has remained very high even between waves. It’s hard to predict how large the wave will be Steve Powis, NHS England medical director Expects fewer admissions than previous two 2022 surges We are likely to see a bit of an increase over the next few weeks South Africa BA.4 and BA.5 wave has now passe, with fewer hospital admissions and deaths than BA.1 wave in December. Portugal BA.5 is now dominant but their wave has just peaked United States US, past 2 weeks Cases, down 15% Deaths, down 11% Hospitalized, up 2% 100,000 cases announced each day in the U.S. (flat for the month of June) South and West, cases and hospitalizations increasing, Arkansas, Kentucky, Wyoming More than 30,000 people hospitalized, up a little on the month Fewer than 350 deaths being reported each day (2,600 a day at the height of Omicron surge) Mr Biden https://www.nytimes.com/live/2022/06/22/world/covid-19-mandates-vaccine-cases?campaign_id=185&emc=edit_yct_20220622&instance_id=64705&nl=coronavirus-tracker®i_id=110300449&segment_id=96440&te=1&user_id=0b87b8c1eea981ec0514047bbfa553ca#nyc-kids-vaccines Meets 17 families and their children (under 5) monumental step forward in the nation’s pandemic response. This is no time for politics. It’s about parents being able to do everything they can to keep their children safe Finally, some peace of mind Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

  4. 2h ago

    Post covid Alzheimer's

    69% higher risk of Alzheimer's for older COVID survivors https://www.cidrap.umn.edu/news-perspective/2022/09/possible-69-higher-risk-alzheimers-older-covid-survivors Older COVID-19 survivors, 69% higher risk of developing Alzheimer's disease, within 1 year of infection Medical records of 6,245,282 65 years and older Medical visits but no previous diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease February 2020 to May 2021 410,748 participants tested positive for COVID-19 5,834,534 did not test positive COVID-19 survivors had a 69% higher risk of a new diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease within 1 year of infection than their uninfected peers Hazard ratio 1.69; 95% (1.53 to 1.72) Most at risk Ages 85 and older, HR = 1.89 Women, HR = 1.82 Association of COVID-19 with New-Onset Alzheimer’s Disease https://content.iospress.com/articles/journal-of-alzheimers-disease/jad220717 Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, vol. 89, no. 2, pp. 411-414, 2022 13th September 2022 Infectious etiology of Alzheimer’s disease, postulated for decades So, is SARS-CoV-2 infection associated with increased risk for Alzheimer’s disease? Retrospective cohort study N = 6,245,282 older adults (age ≥65 years), People with COVID-19 were at significantly increased risk for new diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease Within 360 days after the initial COVID-19 diagnosis Propensity-score matching COVID-19 cohort = 0.68% non-COVID-19 cohort = 0.35% (hazard ratio or HR:1.69) TriNetX Analytics Platform de-identified electronic health records Over 95 million patients Inpatient and outpatient visits 68 health care organizations 28% of the US population 50 states, covering diverse geographic, age, race/ethnic, income, and insurance groups Our findings call for research to understand the underlying mechanisms and for continuous surveillance of long-term impacts of COVID-19 on Alzheimer’s disease Not clear whether COVID-19 triggers or accelerates development of Alzheimer's disease SARS-CoV-2 has been associated with inflammation and central nervous system disorders Prior infections, especially viral infections, and inflammation Dr. Pamela Davis We thought we had turned some of the tide on it by reducing general risk factors such as hypertension, heart disease, obesity and a sedentary lifestyle Now, so many people in the U.S. have had COVID and the long-term consequences of COVID are still emerging. It is important to continue to monitor the impact of this disease on future disability Plan to continue studying the potential effects of COVID-19 on Alzheimer's, and other neurodegenerative diseases, whether certain populations may be especially vulnerable Assess, any drugs could be repurposed to treat COVID-19's long-term effects Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

  5. 2h ago

    Vaccine injuries revealed

    Thousands (or is it millions) believe covid vaccines harmed them https://www.nytimes.com/2024/05/03/health/covid-vaccines-side-effects.html May 3, 2024 Case study, 37 year old woman Fit and well Within minutes of getting the Johnson & Johnson Covid-19 vaccine, felt pain racing from her left arm up to her ear and down to her fingertips. Within days, she was unbearably sensitive to light and struggled to remember simple facts. Now, + 3 years Diagnosed with brain damage, cannot work, drive or stand for long periods of time. ‘devastation of what this has done to my life, and how much I’ve lost’ As of April 2024, over 13,000 vaccine-injury compensation claims filed with the federal government 19% have been reviewed 47% deemed eligible for compensation https://www.hrsa.gov/cicp/cicp-data 12 claims paid out, average of $3,600 Akiko Iwasaki, immunologist, vaccine expert, Yale University people who say they have post-vaccination injuries are “just completely ignored and dismissed and gaslighted,” Dr. Janet Woodcock, retired, FDA some recipients, uncommon but “serious” and “life-changing” reactions beyond those described by federal agencies. “I feel bad for those people,” “I believe their suffering should be acknowledged, that they have real problems, and they should be taken seriously.” “I’m disappointed in myself,” “I did a lot of things I feel very good about, but this is one of the few things I feel I just didn’t bring it home.” Article then comments on disparate US health care systems No central repository of vaccine recipients Government’s compensation fund, officially recognizes few side effects for Covid vaccines. And vaccine supporters, including federal officials, worry that even a whisper of possible side effects feeds into misinformation spread by a vitriolic anti-vaccine movement. Patients who believe they experienced serious side effects say they have received little support or acknowledgment. SB, 54, nurse practitioner, (man) New York City ever since his first Covid shot, merely standing up sent his heart racing, postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome stinging pain in his eyes, mouth and g******s, which has abated, and tinnitus, which has not. AF “I can’t get the government to help me,” “I am told I’m not real. I’m told I’m rare. I’m told I’m coincidence.” RF, 49, physical therapist, (woman) Seattle Bell's palsy dramatic facial rash shingles RF reported it to federal databases twice. “I thought for sure someone would reach out, but no one ever did,” Interviews with 30 people Neurological, autoimmune, cardiovascular. All said they had been turned away by physicians, told their symptoms were psychosomatic, or labeled anti-vaccine by family and friends BC, doctor, (man) tinnitus and racing heart lasted about a week after each shot. GP, doctor, (man) loud whooshing sound in his ears had accompanied every moment since his first shot, entreaties to colleagues at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to explore the phenomenon, tinnitus, had led nowhere. “If they have done studies, those studies should be published,” CDC recognises Agency has documented only four serious but rare side effects Johnson & Johnson vaccine, Guillain Barre, blood clotting disorder mRNA vaccines, heart inflammation, or myocarditis Anaphylaxis Dr. Demetre Daskalakis, director, C.D.C.’s National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases. agency’s systems for monitoring vaccine safety are “pretty close” to ideal, he said. The C.D.C. has said there were no confirmed deaths related to myocarditis, but in fact there have been several accounts of deaths reported post-vaccination. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

    Vaccine injuries revealed
  6. 2h ago

    Organ collection

    World leaders will not live this long. Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin, 72 Kim Jong Un, 41 – 42 Xi Jinping, 72 https://ficm.ac.uk/sites/ficm/files/documents/2024-12/Form%20for%20the%20Diagnosis%20of%20DNC%20-%20adults%20and%20children%20over%202%20years%20-%20January%202025.pdf Xi, These days 70 years old ….. In the past it used to be rare for someone to be older that 70 and these days they say that at 70 one’s still a child. Putin or Un, (spoken in Mandarin) Human organs can be repeatedly transplanted, so you can get younger and youger in spite of age And might be able to stave off old age indefinitely XI, It’s predicted that in this century it might become possible to live to 150. Jeanne Calmeny, (France) died 1997, aged 122 years, 164 days Ethel Caterham, (UK) born 21 august 1909, age 116 Joao Marinho Neto (Brazil), born 5 October 1912, age 112 Key Leading Causes of Death (England & Wales) From 2022 data: https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/birthsdeathsandmarriages/deaths/bulletins/deathsregistrationsummarytables/2022?trk=public_post_comment-text&utm_source=chatgpt.com Dementia & Alzheimer’s disease — ~11.5% of all deaths Ischaemic heart diseases (heart disease) — ~10.3% Chronic lower respiratory diseases (e.g. COPD etc.) — ~5.2% Cerebrovascular diseases (stroke etc.) — ~5.1% Malignant neoplasm of trachea, bronchus & lung (lung cancer) — ~5.0% In 2023, influenza and pneumonia became one of the top causes among these leading causes. Other circulatory diseases/starters (e.g. other heart disease, cardiac failure) Cerebrovascular disease (stroke etc.) Chronic lower respiratory diseases (COPD, chronic bronchitis etc.) Lung cancer (trachea, bronchus & lung neoplasms) Other cancers (colorectal, breast, prostate, pancreas etc.) Diabetes Kidney diseases Liver disease Parkinson’s disease Septicaemia / other infections Accidents/unintentional injuries Suicide / self-harm Chronic liver disease / cirrhosis Hypertensive diseases Dementia other types Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

    Organ collection

About

Hello Everyone, My name is John Campbell and I am a retired Nurse Teacher and former clinical nurse based in England. I also do some teaching in Asia and Africa when time permits. These videos are to help students to learn the background to all forms of health care. My PhD focused on the development of open learning resources for nurses nationally and internationally. LinkedIn profile, https://www.linkedin.com/in/dr-john-campbell-5256223b/ Twitter, https://twitter.com/Johnincarlisle Disclaimer; These media including videos, book, e book, articles, podcasts are not peer-reviewed. They should never replace individual clinical judgement from your own health care provider. No media-based material on this channel is suitable for using as professional medical advice. All comments are also for educational purposed only and must never replace advice from your own health care provider

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