netstack.fm

Plabayo BV

A podcast about networking, Rust, and everything in between. Join us as we explore the stack: from protocols and packet flows to the people and projects building the modern internet — all through the lens of Rust. Featuring deep dives, crate spotlights, and expert interviews.

  1. HACE 3 DÍAS

    Pingora with Edward and Noah from Cloudflare

    episode 15 — Pingora with Edward and Noah from Cloudflare.In Episode 15 of netstack.fm, Glen sits down with Edward and Noah from Cloudflare to unpack the design of Pingora, the Rust based proxy framework that now powers Cloudflare’s origin facing traffic. The discussion covers why Cloudflare moved away from NGINX, how Pingora differs from Oxy, and what it takes to operate a high performance global proxy at massive scale. Listeners will learn about connection reuse strategies, dynamic traffic handling, gRPC and protocol translation, custom HTTP implementations, TLS backend choices, and the practical trade offs of Rust, Tokio, and work stealing in real production systems. It is an episode full of deep technical insights into building and operating modern networking infrastructure. Learn more: https://blog.cloudflare.com/how-we-built-pingora-the-proxy-that-connects-cloudflare-to-the-internet/ — Pingora's introduction bloghttps://blog.cloudflare.com/pingora-open-source/ — Pingora launch blog post (Cloudflare)https://github.com/vicanso/pingap — pingap, built on top of pingorahttps://blog.cloudflare.com/road-to-grpc/ — Cloudflare gRPC and gRPC Web articlehttps://github.com/hyperium/h2 — Hyperium h2 cratehttps://github.com/cloudflare/quiche — Quiche (QUIC and HTTP3 implementation)https://blog.cloudflare.com/technical-breakdown-http2-rapid-reset-ddos-attack/ — Cloudflare Rapid Reset HTTP2 attack analysishttps://csrc.nist.gov/pubs/fips/140-3/final — NIST FIPS 140-3 publicationhttps://blog.cloudflare.com/introducing-oxy/ — Introducing Oxy (Cloudflare)https://blog.cloudflare.com/oxy-extensibility/ — Oxy's extensions via genericshttps://blog.cloudflare.com/20-percent-internet-upgrade/ — Oxidizing other CDN components for performancehttps://github.com/cloudflare/foundations — Cloudflare's foundations crate Rama If you like this podcast you might also like our modular network framework in Rust: https://ramaproxy.org Chapters 00:00 Intro00:37 A bit of background on the episode and our guests03:18 The Evolution of Proxy Frameworks: Oxy vs. Pingora14:59 The Philosophy Behind Pingora's Design20:53 Understanding Pingora's Bare Bones Structure27:50 Metrics and Observability in Pingora39:19 Caching Strategies and Backend Structures42:56 Usage of OnceCell45:39 TLS Implementations and Their Importance50:51 Dynamic Traffic Management and gRPC Support01:02:10 Optimizing Connection Reuse with Pingora01:07:10 The Importance of Layer 7 Processing01:11:16 The Shift from Static to Dynamic Web Traffic01:18:48 Performance Improvements with Rust and Tokio01:26:00 Memory Management and Allocation Strategies01:37:59 Outro Netstack.FM More information: https://netstack.fm/#episode-15Join our Discord: https://discord.gg/29EetaSYCDReach out to us: hello@netstack.fm Music for this episode was composed by Dj Mailbox. Listen to his music at https://on.soundcloud.com/4MRyPSNj8FZoVGpytj

    1 h y 39 min
  2. 18 NOV

    Roto And Cascade with Terts and Arya from NLnet Labs

    Episode 14 – Roto And Cascade with Terts and Arya from NLnet Labs. In this episode we have a conversation with Terts and Arya from NLnet Labs. Together we explore their paths into systems programming, the mission of NLnet Labs, and the critical internet infrastructure the organization maintains. The discussion spans DNSSEC, large scale DNS operations, Rotonda, and the Roto scripting language, with deep dives into performance engineering, zero copy design, and building resilient open source networking software. It is a technical episode that highlights the people and ideas behind essential internet protocols. Learn more: https://www.nlnetlabs.nl/ — NLnet Labs websitehttps://github.com/NLnetLabs/cascade — A friendly DNSSEC signing solutionhttps://indico.dns-oarc.net/event/55/contributions/1186 — slides of conference talk introducing Cascadehttps://github.com/NLnetLabs/rotonda — Modular, programmable BGP Enginehttps://github.com/NLnetLabs/roto — strongly-typed, compiled embedded scripting language for Rusthttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7xJEFPlfy7Y — EuroRust 2025 talk by Terts on Rotohttps://docs.rs/domain/latest/domain/new/base/wire/index.html — domain's zerocopy modulehttps://bal-e.org/blog/ — Blog from Aryahttps://2026.rustweek.org/ — RustWeek 2026 (with open CFP until EOY 2025) Rama If you like this podcast you might also like our modular network framework in Rust: https://ramaproxy.org Chapters 00:00 Intro01:14 Backgrounds of Terts and Arya10:37 Overview of NLnet Labs17:43 Understanding DNSSEC25:29 The Role of Cascade in DNSSEC41:06 Understanding Roto and Rotonda45:55 The Evolution of Roto's Scripting Language49:34 Integration and Efficiency in Roto52:05 Real-World Applications of Roto01:00:36 The Importance of Data Structures in Performance01:06:34 Optimization Strategies for High Performance01:17:14 Zero-Copy Techniques in DNS Handling01:26:06 Outro Netstack.FM More information: https://netstack.fm/#episode-14Join our Discord: https://discord.gg/29EetaSYCDReach out to us: hello@netstack.fm Music for this episode was composed by Dj Mailbox. Listen to his music at https://on.soundcloud.com/4MRyPSNj8FZoVGpytj

    1 h y 27 min
  3. 11 NOV

    Inside Ping Proxies with Joseph Dye

    Episode 13 – Inside Ping Proxies with Joseph Dye. In this episode of Netstack.fm, Glen from Plabayo talks with Joseph Dye (Joe), founding engineer at Ping Proxies, about building large-scale proxy infrastructure in Rust. Joe shares how he went from art student to programmer, joining Ping when it was a tiny startup running on Python and Squid. He explains how they rebuilt everything in Rust, creating performant HTTP and SOCKS5 proxies and managing massive IP networks for web scraping. The conversation covers the evolution of their stack, challenges with HTTP versions, TCP/IP fingerprinting, user-space networking with DPDK, and the adoption of MASQUE and HTTP/3. Joe also reflects on Rust’s safety benefits, being the only Rust engineer at Ping, and how the company stays competitive through technical innovation rather than size. Learn more: https://github.com/smoltcp-rs/smoltcp — A Rust-based user-space TCP/IP stackhttps://dpdk.org — The Data Plane Development Kit for high-performance packet processing and kernel bypasshttps://github.com/cloudflare/quiche — Cloudflare’s QUIC and HTTP/3 implementation, mentioned for MASQUE support w/ tokio supporthttps://github.com/tokio-rs/tokio — The asynchronous runtime used by Ping Proxies for concurrencyhttps://github.com/hyperium/h2 — Rust’s HTTP/2 library, referenced as part of Ping Proxies’ stackhttps://github.com/hyperium/h3 — Rust’s HTTP/3 library, used for advanced proxy tunnelinghttps://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/rfc9298 — Proxying UDP in HTTP (MASQUE)https://ipxo.com — Marketplace for leasing IP addresses, discussed in how Ping acquires IP rangeshttps://pawns.app/sdk/ — Example of SDK-based residential proxy provider referenced in the episodeRama If you like this podcast you might also like our modular network framework in Rust: https://ramaproxy.org Chapters 00:00 Intro00:41 Introduction to Proxies and Joe's background03:42 Understanding Pink Proxies and Their Offerings06:52 The Technical Journey: From Squid to Rust09:47 Proxy Types: Data Center vs. Residential12:42 Building a Proxy Infrastructure15:44 Challenges with HTTP Protocols18:39 The Importance of Customization in Proxy Development21:38 Team Dynamics and Future Growth29:32 Transitioning to Rust Development30:59 Understanding HTTP Protocols32:40 Exploring HTTP/2 and HTTP/334:05 The Future of Proxying with Mask36:14 Evaluating New Technologies for Proxies37:51 Developing for End User Devices39:49 Challenges in Network Stack Development41:15 Proxying Non-HTTP Traffic42:51 TCP/IP Fingerprinting Explained47:57 The Importance of TCP/IP Fingerprinting53:28 Performance Considerations in User Space TCP58:22 Competing in the Proxy Market01:00:05 Cancellation Safety in Rust Concurrency01:03:53 OutroNetstack.FM More information: https://netstack.fm/#episode-13Join our Discord: https://discord.gg/29EetaSYCDReach out to us: hello@netstack.fmMusic for this episode was composed by Dj Mailbox. Listen to his music at https://on.soundcloud.com/4MRyPSNj8FZoVGpytj.

    1 h y 5 min
  4. 4 NOV

    Oxide Networking with Ryan Goodfellow

    Episode 12 – Oxide Networking with Ryan Goodfellow. A conversation with Ryan Goodfellow about Rust networking at Oxide. We will explore the Oxide computer stack with a focus on network, including their fully integrated cloud computer, programmable networking with P4 and Dendrite, the Maghemite routing stack, and OPTE — a Rust-based packet engine running inside the kernel. Ryan also shares how his background in large-scale network testbeds led him to help design Oxide’s rack-scale system and its modern approach to routing, observability, and hardware–software co-design. Learn more: https://oxide.computer/ — Oxide Computer Companyhttps://github.com/oxidecomputer/opte — OPTE (Oxide Packet Transformation Engine)https://github.com/oxidecomputer/maghemite — Maghemite (Routing Stack)https://github.com/oxidecomputer/dendrite — Dendrite (P4 Switch Control)https://github.com/oxidecomputer/hubris — Hubris (Rust OS for Microcontrollers)https://github.com/oxidecomputer/falcon — Falcon (Virtual Rack Testbed)https://rfd.shared.oxide.computer/rfd/0347 — RFD 347 (Delay-Driven Multipath Routing (DDM))https://groups.csail.mit.edu/ana/Publications/PubPDFs/Tussle2002.pdf — The Tussle in Cyberspace (Paper)https://named-data.net/project/ndn/ — Named Data Networking Projecthttps://www.sigcomm.org/ — ACM SIGCOMM Conferencehttps://www.usenix.org/conference/nsdi26 — USENIX NSDI Symposiumhttps://oxide-and-friends.transistor.fm/episodes/the-frontend-of-the-computer — Oxide & Friends (Dropshot Episode) Rama If you like this podcast you might also like our modular network framework in Rust: https://ramaproxy.org Chapters 00:00 Intro00:44 Meet Ryan Goodfellow06:23 Building Large-Scale Test Beds07:46 The future of the internet10:54 Overview of Oxide's Rack Scale Computer19:36 Exploring BGP and Routing Protocols26:02 The X4C Compiler and Its Origins39:43 Programming for Tofino and Observability45:10 Life of packets of an HTTP Web (Oxide Rack) server01:01:58 Exploring Maghemite: The Routing Stack01:12:45 Future Directions: Rust-Based Operating Systems01:19:28 Testing Strategies and the Falcon Framework01:27:25 Outro Netstack.FM More information: https://netstack.fm/#episode-12Join our Discord: https://discord.gg/29EetaSYCDReach out to us: hello@netstack.fm Music for this episode was composed by Dj Mailbox. Listen to his music at https://on.soundcloud.com/4MRyPSNj8FZoVGpytj.

    1 h y 28 min
  5. 28 OCT

    Modern networking in Firefox with Max Inden

    Episode 11 – Modern networking in Firefox with Max Inden. A conversation with Max Inden, Staff Software Engineer at Mozilla, about modernizing Firefox’s networking stack in Rust. We cover his work on the QUIC and HTTP/3 stack — improving UDP I/O, congestion control, and overall performance — and why QUIC matters as a fast, encrypted, and evolvable transport for HTTP/3, WebTransport, and beyond. Learn more: https://max-inden.de/ — Personal website of Max Indenhttps://max-inden.de/post/fast-udp-io-in-firefox/ — Fast UDP I/O for Firefox in Rust — by Max Indenhttps://archive.fosdem.org/2025/schedule/event/fosdem-2025-4229-getaddrinfo-sucks-everything-else-is-much-worse/ — getaddrinfo sucks, everything else is much worse — Talk by Valentin Gosuhttps://github.com/mozilla/neqo — Mozilla Neqo (HTTP/3 and QUIC stack)https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc9000 — RFC 9000 – QUIC: A UDP-Based Multiplexed and Secure Transporthttps://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc9114 — RFC 9114 – HTTP/3https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc9462 — RFC 9462 – Discovery of Designated Resolvershttps://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc8484.html — RFC 8484 – DNS Queries over HTTPS (DoH)https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-happy-happyeyeballs-v3/ — Happy Eyeballs Version 3 (Draft)https://github.com/microsoft/msquic — Microsoft MsQuichttps://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/WebTransport — WebTransport API documentationhttps://datatracker.ietf.org/wg/masque/about/ — MASQUE (Proxy) protocol introductionhttps://www.ietf.org/ — Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)https://www.ietf.org/meeting/ — IETF Meetings Rama If you like this podcast you might also like our modular network framework in Rust: https://ramaproxy.org Chapters 00:00 Intro00:38 Introduction to Max Inden03:27 Max Inden's Journey to Mozilla06:32 The Role of IETF in Internet Design09:42 QUIC and HTTP/3 in Firefox12:27 Understanding HTTP/3 Upgrade Mechanisms15:15 Challenges with UDP and Firefox's Networking Stack18:15 Optimizing UDP I/O for Performance21:36 Cross-Platform Performance Considerations24:23 Network Drivers and Their Impact27:18 Exploring Happy Eyeballs and Connection Strategies30:07 WebTransport and Future of QUIC32:56 Contributions to Firefox and Open Source36:05 Happy Eyeballs and related56:15 Github Git Hosting57:24 Quic Usage within Firefox01:03:02 Closing Thoughts and call to Action01:06:44 Outro Netstack.FM More information: https://netstack.fm/#episode-11Join our Discord: https://discord.gg/29EetaSYCDReach out to us: hello@netstack.fm Music for this episode was composed by Dj Mailbox. Listen to his music at https://on.soundcloud.com/4MRyPSNj8FZoVGpytj.

    1 h y 8 min
  6. 21 OCT

    zerocopy with Joshua Liebow-Feeser

    Episode 10 – zerocopy with Joshua Liebow-Feeser. A conversation with Joshua Liebow-Feeser, the developer behind netstack3 and the creator of zerocopy, a crate that makes zero-cost memory manipulation effortless. Originally built for Fuchsia, zerocopy is now used by over 400 crates on crates.io, with nearly 300 million downloads. We explore the origins of Fuchsia, the creation and purpose of zerocopy, how it works, and why you might want to use it. And of course, we get to know Joshua and his journey so far. Learn more: https://model-checking.github.io/kani/ — Kani verifierhttps://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/99571 — Safe Transmute tracking issuehttps://github.com/rust-lang/unsafe-code-guidelines — Unsafe Code Guidelines WGhttps://docs.rs/zerocopy/latest/zerocopy/ — ZeroCopy documentationhttps://docs.rs/zerocopy-derive/latest/zerocopy_derive/ — ZeroCopy derive macroshttps://fuchsia.dev/fuchsia-src/get-started/learn/intro/architecture — Fuchsia networking architecturehttps://docs.kernel.org/networking/scaling.html — Scaling in the Linux Networking Stackhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rFejpH_tAHM — dotGo 2015 - Rob Pike - Simplicity is Complicated Rama If you like this podcast you might also like our modular network framework in Rust: https://ramaproxy.org Chapters 00:00 Intro00:39 Introduction to Joshua Liebow-Feeser01:34 Joshua's Journey into Software Development11:41 The Origins of Netstack 317:21 The Philosophy Behind Netstack 323:03 The Role of Rust in Networking42:57 The Concept and Development of ZeroCopy53:10 Understanding Zero Copy and Its Constraints55:11 Exploring Memory Management in Networking59:23 Challenges with Variable Length Data Formats01:04:20 Async Programming and Its Implications01:11:13 Performance Considerations in Networking01:16:50 Ambition in Software Design and API Simplicity01:32:13 The Future of Networking and Rust's Role01:42:42 Outro Netstack.FM More information: https://netstack.fm/#episode-10Join our Discord: https://discord.gg/29EetaSYCDReach out to us: hello@netstack.fm Music for this episode was composed by Dj Mailbox. Listen to his music at https://on.soundcloud.com/4MRyPSNj8FZoVGpytj.

    1 h y 44 min
  7. 14 OCT

    gRPC with Lucio Franco

    Episode 9 – gRPC with Lucio Franco. A deep dive into the world of asynchronous networking in Rust with Lucio Franco, maintainer of Tonic, Tower, Tokio, and Hyper. We explore the origins and design of gRPC and its Rust implementation, Tonic—how it came to be, what problems it solves, and why it matters. Along the way, Lucio shares insights into open source collaboration, Google’s work on gRPC for Rust, and what the future might hold for the broader async Rust ecosystem. Learn more: https://github.com/hyperium/tonic — Tonic on GitHubhttps://github.com/tokio-rs/tokio — Tokio runtimehttps://github.com/tower-rs/tower — Tower libraryhttps://github.com/tower-rs/tower-grpc — Archived tower-grpc projecthttps://grpc.io/ — gRPC official sitehttps://github.com/hyperium/tonic/blob/master/examples/helloworld-tutorial.md — Tonic "hello world" tutorialhttps://docs.rs/tonic/latest/tonic/ — Tonic technical documentationhttps://twitter.github.io/finagle/ — Finaglehttps://github.com/linkerd/linkerd2 — linkerd2 Rama If you like this podcast you might also like our modular network framework in Rust: https://ramaproxy.org Chapters 00:00 Intro00:45 Introduction to Lucio06:50 Lucio's Journey in Rust and Open Source14:45 Future of tower29:48 Exploring gRPC: Concepts and Features36:33 gRPC vs HTTP: A Comparative Analysis43:38 The Role of Proxies in gRPC Communication54:12 Integrating Tonic with Other Stacks59:15 Collaboration with Google on Tonic01:07:03 Getting Started with Tonic and gRPC01:09:48 Tonic Ecosystem: Recommended Crates01:14:19 The Naming of Tonic01:16:38 gRPC Web: Bridging the Browser Gap01:23:16 Proxying gRPC Data: Considerations and Challenges01:27:08 Outro Netstack.FM More information: https://netstack.fm/#episode-9Join our Discord: https://discord.gg/29EetaSYCDReach out to us: hello@netstack.fm Music for this episode was composed by Dj Mailbox. Listen to his music at https://on.soundcloud.com/4MRyPSNj8FZoVGpytj.

    1 h y 28 min
  8. 7 OCT

    Fuchsia's Netstack3 with Bruno Dal Bo Silva

    Episode 8 – Fuchsia's Netstack3 with Bruno Dal Bo Silva. In this episode our guest is Bruno Dal Bo Silva, Staff Software Engineer at Google. We will dive into his path into networking and Rust, and the story behind netstack3, the Rust-based networking stack built for Google’s Fuchsia operating system. We cover its origins from the Go-based netstack, why Rust was chosen, and the challenges of implementing a full range of protocols — from TCP and UDP with their POSIX socket API to the many less-visible but essential pieces like ARP, ICMP, IPv6, DHCP, and more. We hope you brought a bowl as you're in or a juicy letter soup with this one. Bruno also shares insights on where he sees the future of netstack3 — including its potential beyond Google. Learn more: https://fuchsia.dev/netstack3 source code: https://fuchsia.googlesource.com/fuchsia/+/refs/heads/master/src/connectivity/network/netstack3/netstack3 publishing tracking bug: https://fxbug.dev/448156020Fast UDP I/O for Firefox in Rust: https://max-inden.de/post/fast-udp-io-in-firefoxRFC 2462 - SLAAC: https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc2462smoltcp (Rust TCP/IP stack for embedded): https://github.com/m-labs/smoltcp Rama If you like this podcast you might also like our modular network framework in Rust: https://ramaproxy.org Chapters 00:00 Intro00:42 Introduction to Bruno and his Journey04:37 Bruno's Engineering Background and Its Impact06:56 Exploring Fuchsia: Overview and Architecture10:08 Transitioning to NetStack 3: The Rust Revolution17:35 Diving into Networking Protocols: Life of a Packet24:45 Understanding ARP and Ethernet Protocols28:00 Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) Explained34:41 The Future of Networking: IPv6 and Happy Eyeballs40:52 QUIC Protocol: User Space vs Kernel Space46:53 More about netstack3 and unsafe code usage55:22 Async usage in Netstack301:00:36 Comparing netstack3 with smolltcp01:04:50 Running your own TCP stack on the linux platform01:06:25 Roadmap to get fuchsia on crates.io01:11:37 Closing Thoughts and Future Directions01:15:32 Outro Netstack.FM More information: https://netstack.fm/#episode-8Join our Discord: https://discord.gg/29EetaSYCDReach out to us: hello@netstack.fm Music for this episode was composed by Dj Mailbox. Listen to his music at https://on.soundcloud.com/4MRyPSNj8FZoVGpytj.

    1 h y 16 min

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A podcast about networking, Rust, and everything in between. Join us as we explore the stack: from protocols and packet flows to the people and projects building the modern internet — all through the lens of Rust. Featuring deep dives, crate spotlights, and expert interviews.

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