61 years ago when President Lyndon B. Johnson called on Congress to pass the Voting Rights Act, which empowered millions of people of color to vote. Yet, when a war is raging in the Middle East and an affordability crisis is brewing at home, the Senate is poised to begin what could be a marathon debate on the Safeguard American Voter Eligibility Act, a bill that would block millions of eligible American citizens from voting — reversing decades of progress. And now, Florida passed a bill on Thursday that would require voters to verify their citizenship when registering and limit which forms of identification they can present at the polls. The new requirements would result in the removal of perhaps thousands of voters from the rolls and in the disenfranchisement of young voters. The votes in both Florida chambers were along strict partisan lines, with all Democrats against the measure. Gov. Ron DeSantis, a Republican has supported the legislation. The bill’s enactment would make Florida the most populous state in the country to impose proof-of-citizenship requirements on voters. But the Florida requirements would take effect next year, not before this year’s midterm elections. “This is about the integrity of our elections,” one of the bill’s sponsors, State Senator Erin Grall, a Republican from Vero Beach, said on the Senate floor on Wednesday. “It is something that puts greater trust into our system.” Under the bill, Floridians would have to provide proof of citizenship, such as a birth certificate or passport, when they register to vote. Every existing voters’ citizenship would be verified against government databases, such as Real ID, when the bill goes into effect. If no citizenship document came up, the local elections supervisor would notify the voter by mail; to stay registered, the voter would have to bring proof of citizenship, such as a passport or a birth certificate, to his or her county elections office. About 98 percent of Floridians have Real IDs, about 872,000 residents still do not. Separately, the bill would no longer allow voters to use either college IDs or those provided by retirement homes to identify themselves at polling places. Republicans said those types of ID were too easy to fake. Banning student IDs drew especially strong opposition from Democrats, who accused Republicans of trying to disenfranchise voters on a partisan basis. Young voters often lean Democratic. Eight states have banned student IDs for voting, according to the Brennan Center for Justice, a nonpartisan organization, but six of them still allow voters to cast provisional ballots. The Florida bill was modeled in part after the SAVE America Act that would impose strict voter ID and proof-of-citizenship requirements nationally. That legislation has become so important to the president that he has said he will not sign any other bill until it passes. But studies have shown that requiring proof of citizenship across the country may end up affecting more Republicans states Mr. Trump won handily in 2024 have the largest percentage of citizens without valid passports, according to an analysis last year by the Secure Democracy Foundation, a nonpartisan organization that studies and analyzes voting policy. This is creating an issue where there are going to be a lot of impacted voters that are going to need to produce a passport or a birth certificate and on the margin, you’re going to have eligible citizens who are not going to be able to vote. Federal law is clear that only American citizens can vote in federal elections, and evidence suggests that noncitizen voting is exceptionally rare. Also, in Arizona, voters passed a ballot initiative in 2004 that required proof of citizenship for registering. That law created a bifurcated system, in which any state election required proof of citizenship, but voters without such proof could still participate in federal elections. In 2024, nearly 100,000 potential voters were at risk of losing their registration because of a glitch in Arizona state data: Voters who were issued driver’s licenses before 1996 might not have proof of citizenship on file. A court granted those voters relief before the 2024 election. In Kansas, 31,089 potential voters had their registrations rejected or denied because they had failed to produce documents proving their citizenship, according to federal court records. The court also found that almost all of the affected voters were citizens. The law was ruled unconstitutional and has not been enforced since 2018. In 2024, New Hampshire passed a law requiring all first-time voters in the state to prove their citizenship in order to vote. The law is being challenged in federal court. Louisiana also passed a law in 2024 requiring voters to provide proof of citizenship when registering. This year, legislatures in South Dakota and Utah passed proof-of-citizenship laws that are awaiting signature by each state’s governor. Don’t forget this reminder that the stakes are immensely high. As the 2026 midterms fast approach, we see renewed efforts to control or undermine our elections on Capitol Hill and in States! This is a public episode. If you would like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit nabwmt.substack.com