Women's Economic Rights Around the World

Cassandra White
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We discuss the importance of women's economic rights and how it relates to the larger discussion of global human rights.

Episodes

  1. 02/04/2022

    An Inter-relational Approach to Maquila Work and Women's Economic Autonomy in Mexico and the Northern Triangle Part 1

    For this episode, I wanted to discuss some of my own research, utilizing an inter-relational approach to interpreting high turnover rates in maquiladora industry, which considers economic, social, and cultural factors that work to keep women from pursuing their economic rights. Creticos, P. A., & Sohnen, E. (2013). Manufacturing in the United States, Mexico, and Central America: Implications for Competitiveness and Migration. The Regional Migration Study Group, 35. Data2X, Open Data Watch, & United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean. Bridging the Gap: Mapping Gender Data Availability in Latin America and the Caribbean (pp. 1–9). Retrieved from https://data2x.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/BridgeTheGap-LatinAmerica-KeyFindingsFINAL.pdf Derechos que penden de un Hilo, Zonas Francas textiles frente a cooperativas de comercio justo. Oxfam Intermón, Abril 2015, p. 4. Domínguez, E., Icaza, R., Quintero, C., López, S., & Stenman, Å. (2010). Women Workers in the Maquiladoras and the Debate on Global Labor Standards. Feminist Economics, 16(4), 185–209. https://doi.org/10.1080/13545701.2010.530603 Equipo de Investigaciones Laborales & Red de Solidaridad de la Maquila. (2016). Las trabajadoras(es) de la industria maquiladora en Centroamérica. Retrieved from https://www.maquilasolidarity.org/sites/default/files/attachment/Trabajadores_de_la_maquila_C.A_2016.pdf Garcia Guerrero, V., Giorguli-Saucedo, S., & Masferrer, C. (n.d.). Emerging Demographic Challenges and Persistent Trends in Mexico and the Northern Triangle of Central America [Text]. Hoover Institution. Retrieved April 16, 2021, from https://www.hoover.org/research/emerging-demographic-challenges-and-persistent-trends-mexico-and-northern-triangle-central Gender Equality Observatory for Latin America and the Caribbean. (2020, October 11). Interrelationship of the autonomies. Gender Equality Observatory for Latin America and the Caribbean. https://oig.cepal.org/en/autonomies/interrelationship-autonomies. Goldín, L. (2012). From despair to resistance: Maya workers in the maquilas of guatemala. Anthropology of Work Review, 33(1), 25-33. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1548-1417.2012.01074.x Latinobarómetro Corporation. 2018. Latinobarómetro Online Data Analysis 1995 - 2018. Accessed April 28, 2021. https://www.latinobarometro.org/latOnline.jsp Schneider, Mark. L., & Runde, D. F. (2019, May 8). A New Social Contract for the Northern Triangle. Center for Strategic & International Studies. https://www.csis.org/analysis/new-social-contract-northern-triangle World Bank. (2012). A Gender (R)evolution in the Making? Expanding Women’s Economic Opportunities in Central America : A Decade in Review. In World Bank Other Operational Studies (No. 12468; World Bank Other Operational Studies). The World Bank. https://ideas.repec.org/p/wbk/wboper/12468.html

    An Inter-relational Approach to Maquila Work and Women's Economic Autonomy in Mexico and the Northern Triangle Part 1

  2. 02/04/2022

    An Inter-relational Approach to Maquila Work and Women's Economic Autonomy in Mexico and the Northern Triangle Part 2

    Picking up where I left off in the last episode, I continue to discuss some of my own research, utilizing an inter-relational approach to interpreting high turnover rates in maquiladora industry, which considers economic, social, and cultural factors that work to keep women from pursuing their economic rights. Castillo, Rafael (2015) “Murdered in México State: The Silent Epidemic of Women Killings in México”. Available at: https://news.vice.com/article/murdered-in-mexico-state-the-silent-epidemic-of-women-killings-in-méxico Domínguez, E., Icaza, R., Quintero, C., López, S., & Stenman, Å. (2010). Women Workers in the Maquiladoras and the Debate on Global Labor Standards. Feminist Economics, 16(4), 185–209. https://doi.org/10.1080/13545701.2010.530603 Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC). 2019. Gender Equality Observatory for Latin America and the Caribbean. Indicator: "People without incomes of their own." Accessed April 28, 2021. https://oig.cepal.org/en/indicators/people-without-incomes-their-own Fussell, E. (2000). Making Labor Flexible: The Recomposition of Tijuana’s Maquiladora Female Labor Force. Feminist Economics, 6(3), 59–79. https://doi.org/10.1080/135457000750020137 Latinobarómetro Corporation. 2018. Latinobarómetro Online Data Analysis 1995 - 2018. Accessed April 28, 2021. https://www.latinobarometro.org/latOnline.jsp Maquila Solidarity Network. Workers in crisis in the garment industry in Mexico: a conversation with the Worker Support Centre | Maquila Solidarity Network. (2021, March 1). https://www.maquilasolidarity.org/en/workers-crisis-garment-industry-mexico-conversation-worker-support-centre. Marx, S. (2020). Wage and Gender-Based Violence (pp. 1–8). FEMNET e.V. Retrieved from file:///C:/Users/17025/Downloads/wages_and_GBV_FEMNET_position_paper.pdf Pantaleo, K. (2010). Gendered Violence: An Analysis of the Maquiladora Murders. International Criminal Justice Review, 20(4), 349–365. https://doi.org/10.1177/1057567710380914 Secretaría de Gobernación (SEGOB) [Secretary of Government], Instituto Nacional de las Mujeres (INMUJERES) [National Institute of Women] and UN Women, La Violencia Feminicida en México, Aproximaciones y Tendencias 1985-2014 [Femicide Violence in México, Approximations and Trends] (April 2016) [hereinafter SEGOB Report], page 10. Taylor, G. (2010). The Abject Bodies of the Maquiladora Female Workers on a Globalized Border. Race, Gender & Class, 17(3/4), 349–363. Weissman, Deborah M. 2005. ‘‘The Political Economy of Violence: Towards an Understanding of Gender-Based Murders of Ciudad Juarez.’’ North Carolina Journal of International Law and Commercial Regulation 30(4): 795–866.

    An Inter-relational Approach to Maquila Work and Women's Economic Autonomy in Mexico and the Northern Triangle Part 2

  3. 12/25/2021

    Economic Trends, Flexible Labor, and High Turnover Rates

    This episode will go over economic trends in Central America between 1997 and 2006, focusing on the economic achievements and obstacles of women in the region, the recomposition of the Tijuana maquiladora female labor force, and reviewing several arguments about the exploitive or empowering work for women in the maquila sector. Gender Equality Observatory for Latin America and the Caribbean. (2020, October 11). Interrelationship of the autonomies. Gender Equality Observatory for Latin America and the Caribbean. https://oig.cepal.org/en/autonomies/interrelationship-autonomies. Goldín, L. R. (2011). LABOR TURNOVER AMONG MAQUILADORA WORKERS OF HIGHLAND GUATEMALA: Resistance and semiproletarianization in global capitalism.Latin American Research Review, 46(3), 133-156. https://doi.org/10.1353/lar.2011.0043 Fussell, E. (2000). Making Labor Flexible: The Recomposition of Tijuana’s Maquiladora Female Labor Force. Feminist Economics, 6(3), 59–79. https://doi.org/10.1080/135457000750020137 Kabeer, Naila. 2004. ‘‘Globalization, Labor Standards, and Women’s Rights: Dilemmas of Collective (In)Action in an Interdependent World.’’ Feminist Economics 10(1): 3–35. “World Bank. 2012. A Gender (R)evolution in the Making? Expanding Women's Economic Opportunities in Central America : A Decade in Review. Washington, DC. © World Bank. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/12468License: CC BY 3.0 IGO.”

    Economic Trends, Flexible Labor, and High Turnover Rates

  4. 02/04/2021

    Financial Crises, Informal Employment, and Maquiladora Workers

    This episode will focus on the Central American region of the world, discussing the effects that the 2008 global financial crisis had on women's workers, how women are increasingly turning to informal employment and the repercussions associated with this, and the benefits and costs of working in the maquiladora industry.  Biles, James J. "Informal Work and Livelihoods in Mexico: Getting by Or Getting Ahead?" The Professional Geographer, vol. 60, no. 4, 2008, pp. 541-555. Domínguez, Edmé, et al. "Women Workers in the Maquiladoras and the Debate on Global Labor Standards." Feminist Economics, vol. 16, no. 4, 2010, pp. 185-209. Espino, Alma. "Gender Dimensions of the Global Economic and Financial Crisis in Central America and the Dominican Republic." Feminist Economics, vol. 19, no. 3, 2013, pp. 267-288.

  5. 12/25/2020

    State Socialism, Microcredit, Globalization and Forced Labor

    For this episode, we are evaluating East vs West German ideals on women’s economic inclusion after WWII, the use of microcredit in South Africa, and the relation between globalization and women’s economic rights and the occurrence of forced labor. Campa, Pamela, and Michel Serafinelli. "Politico-Economic Regimes and Attitudes: Female Workers Under State Socialism." The Review of Economics and Statistics, vol. 101, no. 2, 2019, pp. 233-248. Kim, Julia C., et al. "Understanding the Impact of a Microfinance-Based Intervention on Women’s Empowerment and the Reduction of Intimate Partner Violence in South Africa." American Journal of Public Health (1971), vol. 97, no. 10, 2007, pp. 1794-1802. Neumayer, Eric, and Indra de Soysa. "Globalisation, Women's Economic Rights and Forced Labour." World Economy, vol. 30, no. 10, 2007, pp. 1510-1535.

  6. 12/02/2020

    Women's Economic Rights Around the World

    For this episode, we will be going over different academic articles that shed light on the ways that women are economically disadvantaged around the world. These points will lead us to the argument that women's economic rights are an important part of human rights and deserved to be discussed more in the human rights debate. Alaei, Kamiar, et al. “Cross-Country Analysis of Correlation between Protection of Women's Economic and Social Rights, Health Improvement and Sustainable development.” BMJ Open, British Medical Journal Publishing Group, 1 June 2019, bmjopen.bmj.com/content/9/6/e021350. Chatfield, Sara. "Married Women's Economic Rights Reform in State Legislatures and Courts, 1839–1920." Studies in American Political Development, vol. 32, no. 2, 2018, pp. 236-256. ProQuest, https://unr.idm.oclc.org/login?url=https://www-proquest-com.unr.idm.oclc.org/docview/2139189574?accountid=452, doi:http://dx.doi.org.unr.idm.oclc.org/10.1017/S0898588X18000147. Cook, Sarah, and Xiao-yuan Dong. “Harsh Choices: Chinese Women's Paid Work and Unpaid Care Responsibilities under Economic Reform.” Development and Change, vol. 42, no. 4, 2011, pp. 947–965., doi:10.1111/j.1467-7660.2011.01721.x. Đurić Kuzmanović, Tatjana, and Ana Pajvančić-Cizelj. “Economic Violence against Women: Testimonies from the Women’s Court in Sarajevo.” European Journal of Women’s Studies, vol. 27, no. 1, Feb. 2020, pp. 25–40, doi:10.1177/1350506818802425. Hallward-Driemeier, Mary, and Ousman Gajigo. “Strengthening Economic Rights and Women’s Occupational Choice: The Impact of Reforming Ethiopia’s Family Law.” World Development, vol. 70, 2015, pp. 260–273., doi:10.1016/j.worlddev.2015.01.008. Geddes, Rick, Dean Lueck, and Sharon Tennyson. "Human Capital Accumulation and the Expansion of Women’s Economic Rights." The Journal of Law & Economics, vol. 55, no. 4, 2012, pp. 839-867. Pantaleo, Katherine. “Gendered Violence: An Analysis of the Maquiladora Murders.” International Criminal Justice Review, vol. 20, no. 4, Dec. 2010, pp. 349–365, doi:10.1177/1057567710380914. Taylor, Guadalupe. “The Abject Bodies of the Maquiladora Female Workers on a Globalized Border.” Race, Gender & Class, vol. 17, no. 3/4, 2010, pp. 349–363. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/41674772.

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We discuss the importance of women's economic rights and how it relates to the larger discussion of global human rights.

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