Inflow: Aquatic Animal Life Support Systems and Habitats

Joe and Dr. Jeff
  • 5.0 (7)
  • Natural Sciences

Joe and Dr. Jeff discuss all things related to Zoo and Aquarium Aquatic Animal Life Support Systems. Everything from water treatment equipment and design to operations and construction. We talk to operators, engineers, architects, curators, and anyone and everyone who works on keeping our zoo and aquarium water clean, our animals healthy, our exhibits natural and our systems sustainable.

  1. 3d ago

    Ep 45 - Building an LSS Computer Model

    What if you could predict water quality problems before they happen? In this episode of INFLOW, hosts Joe Arlotto and Dr. Jeff Keaffaber sit down with Paul Cooley, Aquatics Director at PC Aquatics and Senior Engineer with Ardurra, along with Chris Carr, Director of Life Support Systems at Long Beach Aquarium of the Pacific, to explore a groundbreaking new tool for the aquatic animal life support industry: a comprehensive Life Support System (LSS) computer model. Drawing on real-world data from Long Beach Aquarium of the Pacific, Paul and Chris discuss how advanced modeling is being used to simulate and predict critical water quality parameters, including dissolved oxygen, ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, pH, alkalinity, carbon dioxide, phosphorus, temperature, and more. The conversation explores how digital modeling can help operators troubleshoot system performance, optimize filtration processes, improve emergency preparedness, and even influence the design of future aquariums and aquatic facilities. The group also examines how data-driven decision-making, predictive analytics, and emerging AI technologies could transform aquatic animal life support operations by helping facilities conserve water, save energy, improve sustainability, and provide healthier environments for animals. Whether you're an LSS operator, aquarium engineer, aquatics professional, zoo professional, consultant, or student entering the field, this episode offers a fascinating look at the future of aquarium water quality management and the next generation of life support system design. Topics covered include: Life support system (LSS) computer modeling Aquarium water quality prediction Dissolved oxygen (DO) management Nitrogen, carbon, and phosphorus cycles Aquarium design and engineering Life support troubleshooting Sea otter habitat water quality Predictive analytics for aquariums AI applications in aquatic animal life support Sustainable aquarium operations (0:27) - What Innovation Means (4:10) - AALSO Conference Meetup (5:25) - Paul's Water Quality Model (7:34) - Long Beach DO Case Study (12:32) - Operator Simulation Tool (15:03) - Troubleshooting DO Systemwide (19:44) - Design and Sustainability Uses (24:16) - Future Features and Data Needs (27:06) - CO2 vs Turbidity Priorities (29:56) - Animal Health Data Ideas (32:55) - Long Beach Testing Roadmap (37:40) - Iterating the Model Interface (38:46) - Sponsor Break - Longhorn Organics (42:53) - Chris Carr Otter DO Crisis (45:35) - DO Mapping and Backwash Tradeoffs (48:53) - Beyond DO Coliform Predictions (50:45) - Data Call and Wrap Up Subscribe to INFLOW for conversations with the leaders, engineers, scientists, and operators shaping the future of aquatic animal life support systems. Stay connected at https://inflowlsspodcast.com

    53 min
  2. Ep 44 - Inside AALSO 26 Part 1: Lessons from Chris Carr & Sean Bourgeois

    May 28

    Ep 44 - Inside AALSO 26 Part 1: Lessons from Chris Carr & Sean Bourgeois

    In Part 1 of this special AALSO 26 series, the INFLOW podcast welcomes Chris Carr and Sean Bourgeois for an in-depth conversation on the evolving world of aquarium life support systems, aquatic engineering, and large-scale facility operations. From system design and project execution to troubleshooting complex aquatic environments, Chris and Sean share real-world insights from the front lines of the aquarium industry. Hosts Joe Arlotto and Dr. Jeff Keaffaber explore the challenges of balancing engineering, water quality, animal care, and operational efficiency in modern aquariums and aquatic facilities. This episode dives into practical lessons learned from major projects, the importance of collaboration between operators and designers, and the future of life support innovation. Whether you work in aquarium operations, aquatic engineering, water treatment, zoological facilities, or life support system design, this episode delivers valuable perspectives from two respected voices in the industry. Topics include: • Aquarium life support systems (LSS) • Aquatic engineering and system design • Water quality management • Aquarium operations and maintenance • AALSO 26 insights and industry trends • Large-scale aquatic facility projects • Collaboration between designers and operators • Lessons learned from the field (0:31) AALSO 26 Highlights (7:29) - Origins of AALSO (12:12) - Chris Carr Career Path (16:22) - Long Beach Aquarium of the Pacific Overview (20:32) - Saltwater Loop and Staffing (23:46) - Life Support and Water Quality (25:12) Sponsor Break: MDM Pumps (30:47) - Sean Career Path (34:10) - Big Tanks Expansion (40:32) - Saltwater Intake Process (43:00) - Salinity And ORP Talk (44:35) - Drum Filters And Day Tanks (50:06) - Biggest Operational Challenges (52:41) - Conference Takeaways Subscribe to INFLOW for conversations with leading experts in aquarium engineering, aquatic animal care, and life support technology. Stay connected at inflowlsspodcast.com

    55 min
  3. Ep 43 - Clear Views, Complex Systems: The Role of Acrylic in Modern Aquariums

    May 8

    Ep 43 - Clear Views, Complex Systems: The Role of Acrylic in Modern Aquariums

    In this episode of the INFLOW podcast, hosts Joe Arlotto and Dr. Jeff Keaffaber sit down with Zack Behrendt of American Sealants, Inc. for an in-depth conversation about the critical role acrylic plays in modern aquarium design, aquatic animal life support systems, and large-scale habitat construction. From massive viewing panels and underwater tunnels to structural bonding, waterproofing, and long-term maintenance, Zack shares expert insight into the engineering challenges behind public aquariums, zoos, marine mammal habitats, and aquatic exhibits. The discussion explores how acrylic technology has evolved, why proper sealing and installation are essential for animal safety and water quality, and how operators and designers can avoid costly failures in aquarium infrastructure. Whether you work in aquarium life support systems (LSS), aquatic engineering, exhibit fabrication, public aquarium operations, or marine construction, this episode delivers valuable knowledge on acrylic systems, aquarium maintenance, exhibit longevity, and the intersection of engineering and animal care. Topics include: Aquarium acrylic panel installation Sealants and waterproofing systems Public aquarium construction Life support system design Structural engineering for aquatic exhibits Acrylic maintenance and repair Marine habitat infrastructure Water containment solutions Aquarium operations and design collaboration Challenges in large-scale aquatic facilities (2:50) - Meet Zack (5:27) - ASI Services Overview  (9:07) - Design Coordination and Engineering  (11:11) - Glass vs Acrylic Tradeoffs (14:21) - Sealing and Support Details (16:24) - Catastrophic Failures and Inspections (22:13) - Common Leaks and Dye Testing (27:33) - Underwater Seal Repair Methods (30:19) - Polishing and Scratch Tiers (34:16) - UV Aging and Refill Rate Rules  (43:25) - Robots and Cleaning Tech  (45:55) - Chemical Do and Dont List (48:00) - Career Advice and Wrap Up INFLOW is the podcast dedicated to aquatic animal life support systems, aquarium engineering, water quality, and the professionals advancing the public aquarium industry.

    52 min
  4. Ep 42 - Keeping the Flow: Tori Sipos on the Critical Importance of LSS Reliability

    Apr 16

    Ep 42 - Keeping the Flow: Tori Sipos on the Critical Importance of LSS Reliability

    In this episode of Inflow, hosts Joe Arlotto and Dr. Jeff Keaffaber welcome Tori Sipos, the Facilities & Maintenance Manager at Riverbanks Zoo and Garden. Tori shares her journey through the industry, moving from hands-on technician roles at the Georgia Aquarium to leading the broader facilities team at a premier zoo and garden. We explore the transition from "turning wrenches" on life support systems to managing the high-level logistics of an entire facility's infrastructure. Tori provides a unique look at the day-to-day responsibilities of a manager, from budgeting and administrative planning to ensuring the mechanical integrity of systems that support both animals and guests. Key topics discussed in this episode: The Path to Management: Tori's progression from an entry-level technician at the Georgia Aquarium to a leadership role at Riverbanks Zoo and Garden. Life at the Zoo: The unique challenges of overseeing facilities and maintenance in a zoo environment and the importance of a dedicated, specialized team. The Evolution of the Role: Shifting focus from daily LSS maintenance to long-term project planning, facility coordination, and departmental leadership. Building a Team Culture: The importance of mentorship, open communication, and fostering a "team-first" mentality in a high-stakes environment. Advice for Aspiring Operators: Why "putting in the work" and being a reliable team player are the best ways to advance in the aquatic life support and facilities world. Whether you are a technician looking to move into management or simply fascinated by the infrastructure required to run a world-class zoo and aquarium, Tori Sipos offers invaluable insights into the "human" side of facilities engineering. (2:38) - Tori's Career Path (4:02) - Dive Ops and Exhibit Work (6:49) - Penguin System Breakdown (8:25) - Otter System and Maintenance (10:40) - Water Quality Challenges (11:34) - Grizzly Pool and Glass Media (16:09) - Sea Lion System Overview (17:16) - RMF Perlite Filter Explained (22:36) - Maintenance and Cost Tradeoffs (25:25) - Sea Lion Clarity Wins (28:29) - Saltwater Wetlands Design (33:38) - After Hours Monitoring (41:17) - Advice and Wrap Up Learn more about our sponsors: Dryden Aqua Integrated Aqua Systems Visit them at  inflowlsspodcast.com/sponsors.

    44 min
  5. Ep 41 - Bridging Science & Systems: Veronica Thompson on Modern LSS Innovation

    Apr 7

    Ep 41 - Bridging Science & Systems: Veronica Thompson on Modern LSS Innovation

    In this episode of Inflow, hosts Joe Arlotto and Dr. Jeff Keaffaber sit down with Veronica Thompson, Manager of Water Quality and Life Support at the Houston Zoo. Veronica takes us through her fascinating career "arc," from her beginnings as a biologist studying algae under a microscope to managing some of the most sophisticated aquatic systems in the country. We dive deep into the operational realities of transitioning from world-class aquariums like Mystic Aquarium and The Florida Aquarium to the unique, multi-taxa challenges of a major zoo. Veronica shares how she tackled the commissioning of the Houston Zoo's "Ferrari" of life support systems—the Galapagos expansion—while animals were already in the habitat. Key topics discussed in this episode: The Learning Curve: How a background in phycology and marine sciences translates to wiring pumps and diagnosing complex hydraulic failures. Regional Challenges: From utilizing "heat tape" to survive Connecticut winters to barging in 300,000 gallons of pristine seawater from the middle of the Gulf of Mexico. Zoo vs. Aquarium LSS: Managing "moats," animal runoff, and the unique stormwater management requirements of a 100-year-old facility. The "Sand-Filter-Less" System: A technical breakdown of using hex drum filters and Defender (perlite) filters to maintain 35+ feet of visibility in a sea lion habitat. The Ozone "Bug" Turned Feature: How an unintended air entrainment issue led to a revolutionary way to keep perlite filters clean using ozonated water. Advice for the Next Generation: Why curiosity, a lack of ego, and listening to animal keepers are the most important tools in an LSS operator's belt. Whether you are interested in the granular details of perlite filtration or the high-level strategy of managing discharge permits and stormwater watersheds, this episode offers a masterclass in adaptive aquatic engineering.   (1:52) - From Marine Studies to LSS (4:34) - Nature vs Closed Systems (6:45) - Texas State Aquarium (8:01) - Tackling Algae Problems (9:50) - Mystic Aquarium Winter Lessons (14:11) - Florida Aquarium and Coral Work (15:56) - Barging Seawater Explained (18:40) - Coral Systems and Multi Species (21:40) - Why Houston Zoo Needed Her (24:44) - Finishing the Handover (27:31) - Moats and Legacy Filtration (31:12) - Outdoor Debris Challenges (33:37) - Stormwater and Wetlands (38:50) - Sea Lion LSS Breakdown (40:05) - Defender Perlite Filters (44:35) - Ozone Backflush Breakthrough (48:16) - Advice for New LSS Techs  Learn more about our sponsors: Asahi/America Aquatic Equipment and Design (AED) Visit them at inflowlsspodcast.com/sponsors. Connect with Inflow: Website: inflowlsspodcast.com

    50 min
  6. Ep 40 - Managing Megascale: The Logistics of Multimillion-Gallon Systems

    Mar 30

    Ep 40 - Managing Megascale: The Logistics of Multimillion-Gallon Systems

    When you move from a small "jewel tank" to a multimillion-gallon habitat, the rules of life support change. In this episode of Inflow, hosts Joe Arlotto and Dr. Jeff Keaffaber dive into the world of megascale aquatic systems with industry veteran Steve Kaiser. Steve shares his extensive experience managing some of the largest aquarium systems in the world. The conversation explores the unique physics of massive water volumes, where the luxury of "dilution as a solution" meets the intense challenge of maintaining crystal-clear turbidity over long viewing distances. In this episode, we discuss: The Challenges of Scale: How managing massive systems like those at SeaWorld Abu Dhabi differs from standard aquarium operations. Water Quality & Clarity: Navigating the "path length" problem and how to keep water clear enough for guests to see through 50+ feet of depth. The Operator's Instinct: Why "spinning a wrench" and hands-on troubleshooting are still the most important skills, even in highly automated, high-tech facilities. Learning the Trade: Steve's perspective on why an LSS degree is a start, but true expertise is only built by operating systems on a daily basis. Troubleshooting Megasystems: Using voltmeters, backwashing filters, and knowing your system inside and out to prevent small issues from becoming multimillion-gallon problems. About Our Guest: Steve Kaiser is a renowned expert in the life support industry, recognized for his hands-on leadership and technical mastery in operating and scaling some of the most complex aquatic environments globally. Connect with Inflow: Website: inflowlsspodcast.com Sponsors: This episode is proudly sponsored by Cloward H2O and MAT LSS. Subscribe: Be sure to subscribe and leave us a review on Apple Podcasts or Spotify to help other LSS professionals find the show! Keywords: Life Support Systems, LSS, Steve Kaiser, Cloward H2O, MAT LSS, Large Scale Aquariums, Water Quality, Turbidity, Aquatic Engineering, Zoo Operations, AALSO, SeaWorld Abu Dhabi, Multimillion Gallon Tanks.

    55 min
  7. Ep 39 - From Concept to Commissioning: Ray Davis on Building World-Class Aquarium Life Support Systems

    Mar 23

    Ep 39 - From Concept to Commissioning: Ray Davis on Building World-Class Aquarium Life Support Systems

    Is life support systems (LSS) a science, a trade, or an art? According to industry veteran Ray Davis, it's a delicate balance of all three; driven by curiosity and critical thinking. In this episode of Inflow, hosts Joe Arlotto and Dr. Jeff Keaffaber sit down with Ray to discuss the "human element" of aquatic habitat management. With a career that spans design, engineering, and hands-on operations, Ray shares why the most successful exhibits aren't just built with the best hardware, but through deep collaboration between LSS operators and animal care teams. From applying the scientific method to troubleshooting complex systems to the importance of "patience with the passion" of curators, this conversation explores what it really takes to keep animals thriving and water healthy. In this episode, we discuss: The "Jack of All Trades" Mindset: Why versatility is the greatest asset for an LSS professional in a small, specialized community. Collaboration Over Conflict: Strategies for bridging the gap between technical operators and passionate animal care staff to reach a common goal. The Scientific Method in LSS: How to use critical thinking and risk assessment to solve "unsolvable" water quality and mechanical problems. Training the Next Generation: Ray's perspective on finding "gifted people" in unexpected places and teaching them the components of life support. AALSO Symposium Preview: The value of face-to-face education and building relationships with vendors and peers at the upcoming conference in Kansas City. Connect with Inflow: Website: inflowlsspodcast.com Sponsors: This episode is proudly sponsored by TJP Engineering and Telchine Energy Technologies. Subscribe: Catch every episode on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, or your favorite podcast app to stay at the forefront of aquatic life support innovation. Keywords: Life Support Systems, LSS, Ray Davis, Aquatic Animal Care, TJP Engineering, Telchine Energy Technologies, Water Quality, Exhibit Design, Zoo Operations, AALSO, Critical Thinking, Scientific Method.

    1h 4m
  8. Ep 38 - Building for Longevity: Strategic Life Support Operations and Infrastructure

    Mar 16

    Ep 38 - Building for Longevity: Strategic Life Support Operations and Infrastructure

    Success in aquatic animal care isn't just about water chemistry—it's about the "bricks and mortar" that hold everything together. In this episode of Inflow, hosts Joe Arlotto and Dr. Jeff Keaffaber sit down with industry veteran Steve File, a long-standing leader and former board member of AALSO. With decades of experience in facility operations and life support systems (LSS), Steve shares his perspective on why the LSS field is broadening to include everything from HVAC and electrical systems to complex concrete and rockwork fabrication. This conversation is a masterclass in bridging the gap between design, construction, and long-term operational success. In this episode, we discuss: The Evolution of LSS: How the role of the life support operator has expanded from water quality to total facility infrastructure management. Strategic Facility Planning: Steve's insights on "building for longevity" and why getting the structural details right, like rebar placement and concrete cover, is critical for animal health. The "Operator as Educator": Why LSS professionals must take the lead on job sites to ensure contractors understand the unique requirements of aquatic habitats. Career Growth & Education: Steve's advice for the next generation of operators, including the value of cross-training in trades like HVAC and plumbing. The AALSO Community: A look ahead at the upcoming symposium in Kansas City and the importance of establishing face-to-face relationships with vendors and peers. About Our Guest: Steve File is a highly respected figure in the aquatic animal industry, known for his leadership within the AALSO board and his deep expertise in the operational and structural side of zoo and aquarium facilities. (2:17) - Steve's Early Life and Military (4:52) - Water Skiing Show Stories 0 (9:50) - First Aquarium Breakthrough (14:24) - Startup Gremlins and Troubleshooting (18:51) - Hiring and Building the Ops Team (23:06) - Designing Gatlinburg Upgrades (26:07) - Choosing Filtration Direction (30:07) - Concrete Lessons Learned (32:58) - Aquatic Self Healing Mixes (38:57) - Coatings Versus Bare Concrete (42:44) - Training Crews Pour Controls (46:50) - Consulting and Startup Work (51:39) - Final Thanks and Wrap Up Connect with Inflow: Website: inflowlsspodcast.com Sponsors: This episode is brought to you by Ardura and MDM Pumps. Subscribe: Follow us on Apple Podcasts and Spotify to stay updated on the science of aquatic life support. Keywords: Life Support Systems, LSS, Aquatic Habitats, Facility Management, AALSO, Zoo Infrastructure, Aquarium Design, Animal Welfare, Water Quality, Concrete Fabrication, HVAC for Aquariums.

    52 min
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5
out of 5
7 Ratings

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Joe and Dr. Jeff discuss all things related to Zoo and Aquarium Aquatic Animal Life Support Systems. Everything from water treatment equipment and design to operations and construction. We talk to operators, engineers, architects, curators, and anyone and everyone who works on keeping our zoo and aquarium water clean, our animals healthy, our exhibits natural and our systems sustainable.

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