Rav Yoel Marton

Rav Of K'hal Hampshire Hills Jackson

Halacha

  1. 09/26/2025

    Simanim of Rosh HaShana & Eating before Tekios

    Simanim of Rosh HaShana Gemara & Sources Rosh HaShana: Two girsaos — one to see the Simanim, one to eat them. Krisus: Only mentions eating. Shulchan Aruch: Rules to eat the Simanim. Poskim: If one cannot eat (allergies, bugs), seeing suffices. Kaf HaChaim: Yehi Ratzons may be recited even without Simanim present. Second Night Elya Rabba, Eishel Avraham: Limited to first night (“beginning of the year”). Rav Elyashiv: Did Simanim at all meals. Hashem’s Name in Yehi Ratzon Shulchan Aruch: Omits. Elya Rabba/Mishna Berurah: Includes. Apple in Honey Debate: must the apple itself be sweet? Rav Yaakov Kamenetzky: Yes, use a sweet apple. Bracha on Apple & Order Fruits eaten for siman, not satiation → require a bracha. Yehi Ratzon ideally said with food in front, but may be hefsek. Solution: make bracha, take a bite, then say Yehi Ratzon. Other Simanim (no bracha): Yehi Ratzon said before eating. Which Fruit for HaEtz Shulchan Aruch: Priority to Shivas HaMinim (dates before pomegranates/apples). RSZA, Kaf HaChaim: Bracha on dates. Minhag: Many make bracha on apple; Kaf HaChaim explains this only works if other fruits aren’t on the table. Nuts ReMA: Many avoid walnuts — gematria “chet” & issues with davening. Magen Avraham: Hazelnuts same issue. Peanuts permitted. Rav Moshe Stern: walnut as minor ingredient fine; “walnut cake” problematic. Vinegar / Bitter Foods Magen Avraham, MB, Mateh Efraim: Avoid vinegar, bitter, and sour foods. Only applies if the food tastes bitter. General Principle One may not eat before mitzvos (Gemara Brachos). Applies to Tekios. Poskim Magen Avraham, Trumas HaDeshen: Even tasting prohibited. Rishonim: Some distinguish arai vs. keva. Mishna Berurah, Chayei Adam: Only light snack permitted if great need. Mateh Efraim: Same for Tekios, privately if necessary. Yeshiva Minhag Lenient due to long davening — considered a great need. What Counts as Arai? Fruits, meat, fish = permitted. Cake/mezonos: danger zone. More than k’beitza = seuda → prohibited. MB: Al HaMichya after kzayis cake. Rav Moshe/Brisker Rav: Disagree — other ingredients don’t count as grain. Must be actual kzayis of flour. Practical Rosh HaShana Concern If machmir like Rav Moshe, eating cake to shiur → prohibited keva before Tekios. Safer: less than k’beitza of grain-dense foods. Gedolei Psak Rav Henkin: opposed Kiddush pre-Tekios (“minhag ra”). Rav Gifter: defended Yeshiva practice. Rav Henkin: cites Mishnah in Peah — even minority psak may be correct. Eating Before Tekios

    42 min

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