Scaffolds

Scaffolds
  • 5.0 (3)
  • Natural Sciences
  • Updated Weekly

We release weekly episodes relevant to apple growers for twenty weeks from Late March to Mid August. Dr. Monique Rivera covers entomology pest management topics. Dr. Kerik Cox covers disease forecasting and apple pathology. Dr. Anna Wallis presents a weekly "state of the state" update including degree days, phenology, and insect pest captures. Hosts: Monique Rivera, Kerik Cox, Anna Wallis Post-Production: Monique Rivera, Kelsey Tobin Executive Producer: Monique Rivera Graphic Design: Iron Design Music: Sebastian Robertson

  1. 5d ago

    26 May 2026 - Petal Fall Pest Considerations, Scab and Fire Blight Updates

    Phenology & DDs for NY NEWA Stations from 1/1 - 5/25 Station || Stage || DD 43F || DD 43 Forecast 5/31 ||  Geneva (AgriTech North) || 10mm || 742 || 853 Highland (HVRL) || 15mm || 893 || 1028 Clifton Park || 10mm || 745 || 864 Peru (Forrence) || PF || 554 || 679 Medina (Roberts) - Inland || 8mm || 702 || 814 Appleton North - Lake || 8mm || 560 || 674 Fairville (The Apple Shed) - Inland || 8mm || 723 || 830 Williamson (DeMarree) - Lake  || 8mm || 649 || 738 *all DDs Baskerville-Emin, B.E Upcoming Pest Events (Reference: Table 7.1.4 Tree Fruit Guidelines) Full bloom (McIntosh) || 378 ± 35 || 192 ± 25 || 10-May ± 6 days OBLR Overwintered Gen. Sample || Bloom Codling Moth Traps set out || Bloom --- Petal fall (McIntosh) || 479 ± 42 || 252 ± 32 || 18-May ± 6 days Lesser appleworm – 1st flight peak || 569 ± 205 || 313 ± 130 || 22-May ± 13 days Plum curculio – 1st oviposition scars observed || 555 ± 77 || 286 ± 37 || 25-May ± 9 days Pear psylla – hardshell stage observed || 569 ± 87 || 312 ± 51 || 22-May ± 9 days Lesser peachtree borer – 1st adult catch || 570 ± 94 || 308 ± 59 || 24-May ± 8 days San Jose scale – 1st flight peak || 644 ± 89 || 355 ± 58 || 29-May ± 8 days --- ERM Sample – 2.5 mites/leaf || 1-Jun OBLR traps set out || 1-Jun Black stem borer – 1st flight peak || 681 ± 170 || 383 ± 122 || 1-Jun ± 9 days RBLR – 1st flight ending || 753 ± 140 || 448 ± 105 || 2-Jun ± 8 days American plum borer – 1st flight peak || 784 ± 183 || 457 ± 128 || 3-Jun ± 9 days Codling moth – 1st flight peak || 768 ± 206 || 442 ± 134 || 3-Jun ± 12 days STLM – 1st flight ending || 813 ± 128 || 475 ± 94 || 5-Jun ± 9 days OBLR – 1st adult catch || 884 ± 90 || 523 ± 62 || 9-Jun ± 6 days OFM – 1st flight ending || 825* ± 126* || 576 ± 97 || 12-Jun ± 8 days Peachtree borer – 1st adult catch || 1032 ± 266 || 619 ± 182 || 15-Jun ± 11 days San Jose scale – 1st flight ending || 1039 ± 182 || 632 ± 125 || 16-Jun ± 8 days Black stem borer – 1st flight ending || 1056 ± 198 || 636 ± 154 || 19-Jun ± 9 days STLM – 2nd gen. 1st adult catch || 1063 ± 91 || 648 ± 74 || 16-Jun ± 6 days San Jose scale – 1st crawlers observed || 1124 ± 91 || 688 ± 69 || 19-Jun ± 8 days Dogwood borer – 1st adult catch || 964 ± 230 || 571 ± 151 || 12-Jun ± 9 days Scouting and Monitoring Resources Video: Apple Insect Targets and IPM Practices (including explanations of Degree Day calculations),  https://youtu.be/NwyBAcvbpUs   NY Tree Fruit Pest Monitoring Network Blog https://blogs.cornell.edu/treefruitpests/ Interested in collaborating and contributing trap capture data? Contact Anna Wallis aew232@cornell.edu Quick Guide for Apple Insect Pests https://help.nysipm.org/hc/en-us/articles/23290226665751-NEWA-Quick-Guide-for-Apple-Insect-Pests Virtual Orchard Scout Training webinar recording on the Cornell IPM YouTube channel https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OtyOWCL1Q2A Apple IPM Intensive Workshop playlist https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLoNb8lODb49vifrm9Tla4GmAVhlIL0527 Northeast Regional Climate Change Monthly Maps https://www.nrcc.cornell.edu/regional/monthly/monthly.html NEWA Help Desk Frequently Asked Questions and Table of Contents. https://help.nysipm.org/hc/en-us/categories/16994462926231-NEWA-Network-for-Environment-and-Weather-Applications https://help.nysipm.org/hc/en-us/sections/17011505301783-Apple-Insect-Disease-and-Crop-Management-Forecasts

    50 min

  2. May 19

    19 May 2026 - Pesticide Adjuvants & Tank Mixing with Dr. Christophe Duplais, Fire Blight and Fungal Disease Updates

    State of the State Historical Phenology and Average Degree Day Accumulation Base 43 -            Full bloom (McIntosh) || 378 ± 35 || 10-May ± 6 days -            Petal fall (McIntosh) || 479 ± 42 || 18-May ± 6 days   Phenology & DDs for NY NEWA Stations from 1/1 – 5/18 Station || Stage || DD 43F || DD 43 Forecast Through 5/24 || Geneva (AgriTech North) || Petal Fall || 628 || 727 Highland (HVRL) || 10-12 mm || 752 || 885 Clifton Park || Petal Fall || 618 || 736 Peru (Forrence) || Bloom || 444 || 548 Medina (Roberts) - Inland || Petal Fall || 588 || 682 Appleton North - Lake || Petal Fall || 465 || 555 Fairville (The Apple Shed) - Inland || Petal Fall || 610 || 706 Williamson (DeMarree) - Lake  || Petal Fall || 539 || 617 *all DDs Baskerville-Emin, B.E   Upcoming Pest Events (Reference: Table 7.1.4 Tree Fruit Guidelines) Full bloom (McIntosh) || 378 ± 35 || 192 ± 25 || 10-May ± 6 days OBLR Overwintered Gen. Sample || Bloom Codling Moth Traps set out || Bloom --- Petal fall (McIntosh) || 479 ± 42 || 252 ± 32 || 18-May ± 6 days Lesser appleworm – 1st flight peak || 569 ± 205 || 313 ± 130 || 22-May ± 13 days Plum curculio – 1st oviposition scars observed || 555 ± 77 || 286 ± 37 || 25-May ± 9 days Pear psylla – hardshell stage observed || 569 ± 87 || 312 ± 51 || 22-May ± 9 days Lesser peachtree borer – 1st adult catch || 570 ± 94 || 308 ± 59 || 24-May ± 8 days San Jose scale – 1st flight peak || 644 ± 89 || 355 ± 58 || 29-May ± 8 days --- ERM Sample – 2.5 mites/leaf || 1-Jun OBLR traps set out || 1-Jun Black stem borer – 1st flight peak || 681 ± 170 || 383 ± 122 || 1-Jun ± 9 days RBLR – 1st flight ending || 753 ± 140 || 448 ± 105 || 2-Jun ± 8 days American plum borer – 1st flight peak || 784 ± 183 || 457 ± 128 || 3-Jun ± 9 days Codling moth – 1st flight peak || 768 ± 206 || 442 ± 134 || 3-Jun ± 12 days STLM – 1st flight ending || 813 ± 128 || 475 ± 94 || 5-Jun ± 9 days OBLR – 1st adult catch || 884 ± 90 || 523 ± 62 || 9-Jun ± 6 days OFM – 1st flight ending || 825* ± 126* || 576 ± 97 || 12-Jun ± 8 days Peachtree borer – 1st adult catch || 1032 ± 266 || 619 ± 182 || 15-Jun ± 11 days San Jose scale – 1st flight ending || 1039 ± 182 || 632 ± 125 || 16-Jun ± 8 days Black stem borer – 1st flight ending || 1056 ± 198 || 636 ± 154 || 19-Jun ± 9 days STLM – 2nd gen. 1st adult catch || 1063 ± 91 || 648 ± 74 || 16-Jun ± 6 days San Jose scale – 1st crawlers observed || 1124 ± 91 || 688 ± 69 || 19-Jun ± 8 days Dogwood borer – 1st adult catch || 964 ± 230 || 571 ± 151 || 12-Jun ± 9 days Scouting and Monitoring Resources Video: Apple Insect Targets and IPM Practices (including explanations of Degree Day calculations),  https://youtu.be/NwyBAcvbpUs   NY Tree Fruit Pest Monitoring Network Blog https://blogs.cornell.edu/treefruitpests/ Interested in collaborating and contributing trap capture data? Contact Anna Wallis aew232@cornell.edu Quick Guide for Apple Insect Pests https://help.nysipm.org/hc/en-us/articles/23290226665751-NEWA-Quick-Guide-for-Apple-Insect-Pests Virtual Orchard Scout Training webinar recording on the Cornell IPM YouTube channel https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OtyOWCL1Q2A Apple IPM Intensive Workshop playlist https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLoNb8lODb49vifrm9Tla4GmAVhlIL0527 Northeast Regional Climate Change Monthly Maps https://www.nrcc.cornell.edu/regional/monthly/monthly.html NEWA Help Desk Frequently Asked Questions and Table of Contents. https://help.nysipm.org/hc/en-us/categories/16994462926231-NEWA-Network-for-Environment-and-Weather-Applications https://help.nysipm.org/hc/en-us/sections/17011505301783-Apple-Insect-Disease-and-Crop-Management-Forecasts

    45 min

  3. May 12

    12 May 2026 - Timing Considerations for the Season, Scab & Fire Blight updates

    Petal Fall Meeting Schedule Western NY: Post-Bloom Insect & Disease Management, Freeze Events Info, and Thinning Recommendations Webinar Wednesday, May 13, 4-5:30 PM https://cornell.zoom.us/j/93057550896?pwd=u2RBsT8jNARGMcOuW69fKRwyBObKPq.1&from=addon Capital Region: Saratoga/Mohawk Valley Petal Fall Webinar Thursday, May 14, 4-5:30 PM https://cornell.zoom.us/j/98474224521?pwd=cla7pvnKFc32wypoaR0AMyVCwsDTR8.1 Southern Hudson Valley: Ulster County In-Person Thinning Meeting Friday, May 15, 3-5pm Weed Orchards Farm Winery & Café 43 Mt. Zion Rd. Milton, New York Northern Hudson Valley: Columbia County In-Person Thinning Meeting Tuesday, May 19, 2-4pm Cornell Cooperative Extension - Hudson Office CCE Regional Extension Center 479 NY-66 Hudson, New York Historical Phenology and Average Degree Day Accumulation Base 43 (for reference) Pink (McIntosh) || 289 ± 26 || 3-May ± 7 days Full bloom (McIntosh) || 378 ± 35 || 10-May ± 6 days Petal fall (McIntosh) || 479 ± 42 || 18-May ± 6 days Phenology & DDs for NY NEWA Stations from 1/1 – 5/11 Station || Stage || DD 43F || DD 43 Forecast Through 5/17 Geneva (AgriTech North) || Bloom || 510 || 587 Highland (HVRL) || Petal Fall || 619 || 719 Clifton Park || Bloom || 495 || 580 Peru (Forrence) || Pink, King Bloom || 345 || 421 Medina (Roberts) - Inland || Bloom || 470 || 541 Appleton North - Lake || Bloom || 356 || 422 Fairville (The Apple Shed) - Inland || Bloom || 498 || 569 Williamson (DeMarree) - Lake  || Bloom || 424 || 470 *all DDs Baskerville-Emin, B.E Upcoming Pest Events Pest/Phenology Event || DD Base 43˚F || Approx. Date STLM Traps set out   || 1-Apr Pear psylla – egg laying || 84 ± 44 || 33 ± 21 || 4-Apr ± 11 days RBLR – 1st catch || 144 ± 32 || 60 ± 20 || 17-Apr ± 9 days Rosy apple aphid – 1st nymphs present || 189 ± 55 || 86 ± 30 || 25-Apr ± 7 days STLM – 1st adult catch || 168 ± 48 || 73 ± 28 || 20-Apr ± 9 days STLM – 1st egg observed || 208 ± 65 || 94 ± 36 || 27-Apr ± 5 days --- Tight cluster (McIntosh) || 228 ± 27 || 105 ± 19 || 27-Apr ± 7 days Tarnished plant bug – 1st observed || 222 ± 105 || 105 ± 62 || 25-Apr ± 15 days OBLR – 1st overwintered larvae observed || 236 ± 78 || 112 ± 48 || 29-Apr ± 7 days Black stem borer – 1st adult catch || 283 ± 50 || 137 ± 40 || 6-May ± 3 days European red mite – egg hatch observed || 284 ± 53 || 134 ± 34 || 6-May ± 4 days --- Pink (McIntosh) || 289 ± 26 || 139 ± 21 || 3-May ± 7 days OFM Traps set out || Pink Oriental fruit moth – 1st adult catch || 229* ± 44* || 126 ± 33 || 2-May ± 8 days RBLR – 1st flight peak || 303 ± 75 || 150 ± 48 || 4-May ± 9 days STLM – 1st flight peak || 337 ± 71 || 168 ± 45 || 7-May ± 8 days --- Full bloom (McIntosh) || 378 ± 35 || 192 ± 25 || 10-May ± 6 days OBLR Overwintered Gen. Sample || Bloom Codling Moth Traps set out || Bloom Petal fall (McIntosh) || 479 ± 42 || 252 ± 32 || 18-May ± 6 days Lesser appleworm – 1st flight peak || 569 ± 205 || 313 ± 130 || 22-May ± 13 days Plum curculio – 1st oviposition scars observed || 555 ± 77 || 286 ± 37 || 25-May ± 9 days Pear psylla – hardshell stage observed || 569 ± 87 || 312 ± 51 || 22-May ± 9 days Lesser peachtree borer – 1st adult catch || 570 ± 94 || 308 ± 59 || 24-May ± 8 days San Jose scale – 1st flight peak || 644 ± 89 || 355 ± 58 || 29-May ± 8 days Scouting and Monitoring Resources Video: Apple Insect Targets and IPM Practices (including explanations of Degree Day calculations),  https://youtu.be/NwyBAcvbpUs   NY Tree Fruit Pest Monitoring Network Blog https://blogs.cornell.edu/treefruitpests/ Quick Guide for Apple Insect Pests https://help.nysipm.org/hc/en-us/articles/23290226665751-NEWA-Quick-Guide-for-Apple-Insect-Pests Virtual Orchard Scout Training webinar recording on the Cornell IPM YouTube channel https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OtyOWCL1Q2A Apple IPM Intensive Workshop playlist https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLoNb8lODb49vifrm9Tla4GmAVhlIL0527 Northeast Regional Climate Change Monthly Maps https://www.nrcc.cornell.edu/regional/monthly/monthly.html

    40 min

  4. May 5

    5 May 2026 - Recent Weather Impacts on Pomes & Stones with Win Cowgill, Scab and Fire Blight Updates

    Win Cowgill is an emeritus Rutgers Professor who currently owns his own consulting company called Win Enterprises where he consults on horticulture and pomology. And consults from New Jersey up to Maine. Kerik continues to talk about getting through extended/multiple apple scab infection periods, and the lack of fire blight risk in a cold bloom. This week on Scaffolds, I talk to Win Cowgill an emeritus Rutgers professor about what is going on in the north east region with all of the freezes and some options for what to do if you have damage in both apple and peach, Kerik gives us an update on scab and fire blight management strategy, and Anna closes the episode with the state of the state update on phenology, degree days, and trap captures around the state.  LInk from Win Cowgill MSU Critical Spring Temperatures for Tree Fruit Bud Development Stages https://www.canr.msu.edu/fruit/uploads/files/TreeFruitCriticalTemperatures.pdf Historical Phenology and Average Degree Day Accumulation Base 43 (for reference) -            Tight cluster (McIntosh) || 228 ± 27 || 27-Apr ± 7 days -            Pink (McIntosh) || 289 ± 26 || 3-May ± 7 days -            Full bloom (McIntosh) || 378 ± 35 || 10-May ± 6 days -            Petal fall (McIntosh) || 479 ± 42 || 18-May ± 6 days   Phenology & DDs for NY NEWA Stations from 1/1 – 5/4 Station || Stage || DD 43F || DD 43 Forecast Through 5/10 || Geneva (AgriTech North) || Early Bloom || 460 || 476 Highland (HVRL) || Petal Fall || 524 || 616 Clifton Park || Bloom || 421 || 494 Peru (Forrence) || Open Cluster || 284 || 346 Medina (Roberts) - Inland || Early Bloom || 420 || 464 Appleton North - Lake || Early Bloom || 310 || 346 Fairville (The Apple Shed) - Inland || Early Bloom || 447 || 491 Williamson (DeMarree) - Lake  || Early Bloom || 375 || 404 *all DDs Baskerville-Emin, B.E Upcoming Pest Events Pest/Phenology Event || DD Base 43˚F || Approx. Date --- Tight cluster (McIntosh) || 228 ± 27 || 105 ± 19 || 27-Apr ± 7 days Tarnished plant bug – 1st observed || 222 ± 105 || 105 ± 62 || 25-Apr ± 15 days OBLR – 1st overwintered larvae observed || 236 ± 78 || 112 ± 48 || 29-Apr ± 7 days Black stem borer – 1st adult catch || 283 ± 50 || 137 ± 40 || 6-May ± 3 days European red mite – egg hatch observed || 284 ± 53 || 134 ± 34 || 6-May ± 4 days --- Pink (McIntosh) || 289 ± 26 || 139 ± 21 || 3-May ± 7 days OFM Traps set out || Pink Oriental fruit moth – 1st adult catch || 229* ± 44* || 126 ± 33 || 2-May ± 8 days RBLR – 1st flight peak || 303 ± 75 || 150 ± 48 || 4-May ± 9 days STLM – 1st flight peak || 337 ± 71 || 168 ± 45 || 7-May ± 8 days --- Full bloom (McIntosh) || 378 ± 35 || 192 ± 25 || 10-May ± 6 days OBLR Overwintered Gen. Sample || Bloom Codling Moth Traps set out || Bloom Cold Temperature and Frost Risk Picture Table of Critical Spring Temperatures for Tree Fruit Bud Development Stages https://www.canr.msu.edu/resources/picture-table-critical-spring-temperatures-for-tree-fruit-bud-development-stages   Regional Weather Events page for NEWA weather stations, including a map of freeze events from 2024 and 2025. https://newa.cornell.edu/regional-weather-events/ Cornell Statewide Frost Protection webinar held on Friday April 12th recording now available online here: https://youtu.be/TIBEpfb98ws Scouting and Monitoring Resources NY Tree Fruit Pest Monitoring Network Blog https://blogs.cornell.edu/treefruitpests/ Interested in collaborating and contributing trap capture data? Contact Anna Wallis aew232@cornell.edu Quick Guide for Apple Insect Pests https://help.nysipm.org/hc/en-us/articles/23290226665751-NEWA-Quick-Guide-for-Apple-Insect-Pests Virtual Orchard Scout Training webinar recording on the Cornell IPM YouTube channel https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OtyOWCL1Q2A

    47 min

  5. Apr 28

    28 April 2026 - Bees in Orchards with Shianne Lindsay, Scab and Fireblight Updates

    This week on Scaffolds, I talk to Shianne Linsday, a graduate student in Dr Scott McArt’s lab, about our cool weather’s impact on pollinators, Kerik talks about getting through extended/multiple apple scab infection periods, and the lack of fire blight risk in a cold early bloom, and Anna gives us our state of the state update on trap captures and degree day accumulation around the state.  State of the State show notes Historical Phenology and Average Degree Day Accumulation Base 43 (for reference) -            Tight cluster (McIntosh) || 228 ± 27 || 27-Apr ± 7 days -            Pink (McIntosh) || 289 ± 26 || 3-May ± 7 days -            Full bloom (McIntosh) || 378 ± 35 || 10-May ± 6 days -            Petal fall (McIntosh) || 479 ± 42 || 18-May ± 6 days   Phenology & DDs for NY NEWA Stations from 1/1 – 4/27 Station || Stage || DD 43F || DD 43 Forecast Through 5/3 || Geneva (AgriTech North) || Pink || 404 || 436 Highland (HVRL) || Full Bloom || 450 || 502 Clifton Park || Pink || 351 || 397 Peru (Forrence) || 1/2" Green || 220 || 267 Medina (Roberts) - Inland || Early Pink || 368 || 398 Appleton North - Lake || Early Pink || 255 || 279 Fairville (The Apple Shed) - Inland || Early Pink || 386 || 415 Williamson (DeMarree) - Lake  || Early Pink || 322 || 342 *all DDs Baskerville-Emin, B.E   Upcoming Pest Events Pest/Phenology Event || DD Base 43˚F || Approx. Date STLM Traps set out   || 1-Apr Pear psylla – egg laying || 84 ± 44 || 33 ± 21 || 4-Apr ± 11 days RBLR – 1st catch || 144 ± 32 || 60 ± 20 || 17-Apr ± 9 days Rosy apple aphid – 1st nymphs present || 189 ± 55 || 86 ± 30 || 25-Apr ± 7 days STLM – 1st adult catch || 168 ± 48 || 73 ± 28 || 20-Apr ± 9 days STLM – 1st egg observed || 208 ± 65 || 94 ± 36 || 27-Apr ± 5 days --- Tight cluster (McIntosh) || 228 ± 27 || 105 ± 19 || 27-Apr ± 7 days Tarnished plant bug – 1st observed || 222 ± 105 || 105 ± 62 || 25-Apr ± 15 days OBLR – 1st overwintered larvae observed || 236 ± 78 || 112 ± 48 || 29-Apr ± 7 days Black stem borer – 1st adult catch || 283 ± 50 || 137 ± 40 || 6-May ± 3 days European red mite – egg hatch observed || 284 ± 53 || 134 ± 34 || 6-May ± 4 days --- Pink (McIntosh) || 289 ± 26 || 139 ± 21 || 3-May ± 7 days OFM Traps set out || Pink Oriental fruit moth – 1st adult catch || 229* ± 44* || 126 ± 33 || 2-May ± 8 days RBLR – 1st flight peak || 303 ± 75 || 150 ± 48 || 4-May ± 9 days STLM – 1st flight peak || 337 ± 71 || 168 ± 45 || 7-May ± 8 days --- Full bloom (McIntosh) || 378 ± 35 || 192 ± 25 || 10-May ± 6 days OBLR Overwintered Gen. Sample || Bloom Codling Moth Traps set out || Bloom     Cold Temperature and Frost Risk Picture Table of Critical Spring Temperatures for Tree Fruit Bud Development Stages https://www.canr.msu.edu/resources/picture-table-critical-spring-temperatures-for-tree-fruit-bud-development-stages   Regional Weather Events page for NEWA weather stations, including a map of freeze events from 2024 and 2025. https://newa.cornell.edu/regional-weather-events/ Cornell Statewide Frost Protection webinar held on Friday April 12th recording now available online here: https://youtu.be/TIBEpfb98ws Scouting and Monitoring Resources Video: Apple Insect Targets and IPM Practices (including explanations of Degree Day calculations),  https://youtu.be/NwyBAcvbpUs   NY Tree Fruit Pest Monitoring Network Blog https://blogs.cornell.edu/treefruitpests/ Interested in collaborating and contributing trap capture data? Contact Anna Wallis aew232@cornell.edu Quick Guide for Apple Insect Pests https://help.nysipm.org/hc/en-us/articles/23290226665751-NEWA-Quick-Guide-for-Apple-Insect-Pests Virtual Orchard Scout Training webinar recording on the Cornell IPM YouTube channel https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OtyOWCL1Q2A Apple IPM Intensive Workshop playlist https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLoNb8lODb49vifrm9Tla4GmAVhlIL0527 Northeast Regional Climate Change Monthly Maps https://www.nrcc.cornell.edu/regional/monthly/monthly.html

    44 min

  6. Apr 21

    21 April 2026 - Talking Freeze Events with Dr. Jason Londo, Scab Updates and Fire Blight Beginnings

    This week on scaffolds, I talk to Dr. Jason Londo about the freeze event we just had, Kerik talks scab risk and the first fire blight insight of the season, and anna gives us the state of the state update on degree day accumulations and phenology progress across the state.  State of the State Show Notes Historical Phenology and Average Degree Day Accumulation Base 43 (for reference) -            Tight cluster (McIntosh) || 228 ± 27 || 27-Apr ± 7 days -            Pink (McIntosh) || 289 ± 26 || 3-May ± 7 days -            Full bloom (McIntosh) || 378 ± 35 || 10-May ± 6 days -            Petal fall (McIntosh) || 479 ± 42 || 18-May ± 6 days Phenology & DDs for NY NEWA Stations from 1/1 – 4/20 Station || Stage || DD 43F || DD 43 Forecast Through 4/26 || Geneva (AgriTech North) || Pink || 349 || 392 Highland (HVRL) || King Bloom || 394 || 438 Clifton Park || Pink || 299 || 334 Peru (Forrence) || 1/2" Green || 175 || 199 Medina (Roberts) - Inland || Tight Cluster || 313 || 352 Appleton North - Lake || Tight Cluster || 220 || 241 Fairville (The Apple Shed) - Inland || Tight Cluster || 330 || 364 Williamson (DeMarree) - Lake  || Tight Cluster || 281 || 295 *all DDs Baskerville-Emin, B.E Upcoming Pest Events Pest/Phenology Event || DD Base 43˚F || Approx. Date STLM Traps set out   || 1-Apr Pear psylla – egg laying || 84 ± 44 || 33 ± 21 || 4-Apr ± 11 days RBLR – 1st catch || 144 ± 32 || 60 ± 20 || 17-Apr ± 9 days Rosy apple aphid – 1st nymphs present || 189 ± 55 || 86 ± 30 || 25-Apr ± 7 days STLM – 1st adult catch || 168 ± 48 || 73 ± 28 || 20-Apr ± 9 days STLM – 1st egg observed || 208 ± 65 || 94 ± 36 || 27-Apr ± 5 days --- Tight cluster (McIntosh) || 228 ± 27 || 105 ± 19 || 27-Apr ± 7 days Tarnished plant bug – 1st observed || 222 ± 105 || 105 ± 62 || 25-Apr ± 15 days OBLR – 1st overwintered larvae observed || 236 ± 78 || 112 ± 48 || 29-Apr ± 7 days Black stem borer – 1st adult catch || 283 ± 50 || 137 ± 40 || 6-May ± 3 days European red mite – egg hatch observed || 284 ± 53 || 134 ± 34 || 6-May ± 4 days --- Pink (McIntosh) || 289 ± 26 || 139 ± 21 || 3-May ± 7 days OFM Traps set out || Pink Oriental fruit moth – 1st adult catch || 229* ± 44* || 126 ± 33 || 2-May ± 8 days RBLR – 1st flight peak || 303 ± 75 || 150 ± 48 || 4-May ± 9 days STLM – 1st flight peak || 337 ± 71 || 168 ± 45 || 7-May ± 8 days --- Full bloom (McIntosh) || 378 ± 35 || 192 ± 25 || 10-May ± 6 days OBLR Overwintered Gen. Sample || Bloom Codling Moth Traps set out || Bloom Cold Temperature and Frost Risk Picture Table of Critical Spring Temperatures for Tree Fruit Bud Development Stages https://www.canr.msu.edu/resources/picture-table-critical-spring-temperatures-for-tree-fruit-bud-development-stages   Regional Weather Events page for NEWA weather stations, including a map of freeze events from 2024 and 2025. https://newa.cornell.edu/regional-weather-events/ Cornell Statewide Frost Protection webinar held on Friday April 12th recording now available online here: https://youtu.be/TIBEpfb98ws Scouting and Monitoring Resources Video: Apple Insect Targets and IPM Practices (including explanations of Degree Day calculations),  https://youtu.be/NwyBAcvbpUs   NY Tree Fruit Pest Monitoring Network Blog https://blogs.cornell.edu/treefruitpests/ Interested in collaborating and contributing trap capture data? Contact Anna Wallis aew232@cornell.edu Quick Guide for Apple Insect Pests https://help.nysipm.org/hc/en-us/articles/23290226665751-NEWA-Quick-Guide-for-Apple-Insect-Pests Virtual Orchard Scout Training webinar recording on the Cornell IPM YouTube channel https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OtyOWCL1Q2A Apple IPM Intensive Workshop playlist https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLoNb8lODb49vifrm9Tla4GmAVhlIL0527 Northeast Regional Climate Change Monthly Maps https://www.nrcc.cornell.edu/regional/monthly/monthly.html

    57 min

  7. Apr 14

    14 April 2026 - Reminders for Early Season, Higher Risk for Apple Scab

    This week on Scaffolds, I give some reminders to think about as the season starts, Kerik talks scab predictions, and Anna gives us our weekly state of the state update on degree day accumulations around the state.  Kerik:  Apple Scab Disease forecast predictions for New York as of 4-12-26: There’s a lot of variability for Apple Scab risk across the regions. Eastern NY and the capital district have an easy week with few wetting periods and low levels of ejection. The lake champlain region may not all be at green tip. Western NY and the fingerlakes have accelerated apple scab maturity and prolonged wetting periods that span the week with high risk. In this region, the average temperatures during wetting periods are low 60s and could lead to many infections.  State of the State Historical Phenology and Average Degree Day Accumulation Base 43 (for reference) -            Tight cluster (McIntosh) || 228 ± 27 || 27-Apr ± 7 days -            Pink (McIntosh) || 289 ± 26 || 3-May ± 7 days -            Full bloom (McIntosh) || 378 ± 35 || 10-May ± 6 days -            Petal fall (McIntosh) || 479 ± 42 || 18-May ± 6 days   Phenology & DDs for NY NEWA Stations from 1/1 – 4/13 Station || Stage || DD 43F || DD 43 Forecast Through 4/19 || Geneva || 1/2" green || 249 || 364 Highland (HVRL) || tight cluster || 257 || 404 Clifton Park || green tip || 178 || 301 Peru (Forrence) || first green || 114 || 193 Medina (Roberts) - Inland || 1/2" green || 214 || 306 Appleton North - Lake || 1/2" green || 148 || 207 Fairville (The Apple Shed) - Inland || 1/2" green || 235 || 334 Williamson (DeMarree) - Lake || 1/2" green || 180 || 254 *all DDs Baskerville-Emin, B.E   Upcoming Pest Events Pest/Phenology Event || DD Base 43˚F || Approx. Date STLM Traps set out   || 1-Apr Pear psylla – egg laying || 84 ± 44 || 33 ± 21 || 4-Apr ± 11 days RBLR – 1st catch || 144 ± 32 || 60 ± 20 || 17-Apr ± 9 days Rosy apple aphid – 1st nymphs present || 189 ± 55 || 86 ± 30 || 25-Apr ± 7 days STLM – 1st adult catch || 168 ± 48 || 73 ± 28 || 20-Apr ± 9 days STLM – 1st egg observed || 208 ± 65 || 94 ± 36 || 27-Apr ± 5 days --- Tight cluster (McIntosh) || 228 ± 27 || 105 ± 19 || 27-Apr ± 7 days Tarnished plant bug – 1st observed || 222 ± 105 || 105 ± 62 || 25-Apr ± 15 days OBLR – 1st overwintered larvae observed || 236 ± 78 || 112 ± 48 || 29-Apr ± 7 days Black stem borer – 1st adult catch || 283 ± 50 || 137 ± 40 || 6-May ± 3 days European red mite – egg hatch observed || 284 ± 53 || 134 ± 34 || 6-May ± 4 days --- Pink (McIntosh) || 289 ± 26 || 139 ± 21 || 3-May ± 7 days OFM Traps set out || Pink Oriental fruit moth – 1st adult catch || 229* ± 44* || 126 ± 33 || 2-May ± 8 days RBLR – 1st flight peak || 303 ± 75 || 150 ± 48 || 4-May ± 9 days STLM – 1st flight peak || 337 ± 71 || 168 ± 45 || 7-May ± 8 days --- Full bloom (McIntosh) || 378 ± 35 || 192 ± 25 || 10-May ± 6 days OBLR Overwintered Gen. Sample || Bloom Codling Moth Traps set out || Bloom Cold Temperature and Frost Risk Picture Table of Critical Spring Temperatures for Tree Fruit Bud Development Stages https://www.canr.msu.edu/resources/picture-table-critical-spring-temperatures-for-tree-fruit-bud-development-stages   Regional Weather Events page for NEWA weather stations, including a map of freeze events on 4/25 and 26. https://newa.cornell.edu/regional-weather-events/ Cornell Statewide Frost Protection webinar held on Friday April 12th recording now available online here: https://youtu.be/TIBEpfb98ws Scouting and Monitoring Resources Video: Apple Insect Targets and IPM Practices (including explanations of Degree Day calculations),  https://youtu.be/NwyBAcvbpUs   NY Tree Fruit Pest Monitoring Network Blog https://blogs.cornell.edu/treefruitpests/ Interested in collaborating and contributing trap capture data? Contact Anna Wallis aew232@cornell.edu Quick Guide for Apple Insect Pests https://help.nysipm.org/hc/en-us/articles/23290226665751-NEWA-Quick-Guide-for-Apple-Insect-Pests

    32 min

  8. Apr 7

    7 April 2026 - Talking Woolly Apple Aphids with Dr. Robert Orpet, More Scab Predictions

    This week on scaffolds, I talk to Dr. Robert Orpet of Oregon State University, one of the few people in the US who has worked extensively on woolly apple aphid but in Washington state, about woolly apple aphid, Kerik gives us more scab forecasting, and anna gives us the state of the state update with a review of scouting, degree day accumulations and reminders for the very quick start to the season happening in the Hudson Valley.  Cox - Apple Scab Disease forecast predictions for New York as of 4-5-26 - Too cold for apple scab infections - refresh coverage as needed.  State of the State Show Notes Historical Phenology and Average Degree Day Accumulation Base 43 (for reference) -            Silver Tip (McIntosh) || 58-106 -            Green Tip (McIntosh) || 99-144 -            Half Inch Green (McIntosh) || 150-201 -            Tight Cluster (McIntosh) || 206-257   Phenology & DDs for NY NEWA Stations from 1/1 – 4/6 Station || Stage || DD 43F || DD 50F || Geneva || green tip || 175 || 90 Highland (HVRL) || 1/2" to early TC || 203 || 108 Clifton Park || first green || 136 || 67 Peru (Forrence) || silver tip || 84 || 34 Medina (Roberts) - Inland || first green || 161 || 76 Appleton North - Lake || first green || 118 || 55 Fairville (The Apple Shed) - Inland || first green || 181 || 91 Williamson (DeMarree) - Lake  || first green || 147 || 72 *all DDs Baskerville-Emin, B.E   Upcoming Pest Events Pest/Phenology Event || DD Base 43˚F || Approx. Date STLM Traps set out   || 1-Apr Pear psylla – egg laying || 84 ± 44 || 33 ± 21 || 4-Apr ± 11 days RBLR – 1st catch || 144 ± 32 || 60 ± 20 || 17-Apr ± 9 days Rosy apple aphid – 1st nymphs present || 189 ± 55 || 86 ± 30 || 25-Apr ± 7 days STLM – 1st adult catch || 168 ± 48 || 73 ± 28 || 20-Apr ± 9 days STLM – 1st egg observed || 208 ± 65 || 94 ± 36 || 27-Apr ± 5 days --- Tight cluster (McIntosh) || 228 ± 27 || 105 ± 19 || 27-Apr ± 7 days Tarnished plant bug – 1st observed || 222 ± 105 || 105 ± 62 || 25-Apr ± 15 days OBLR – 1st overwintered larvae observed || 236 ± 78 || 112 ± 48 || 29-Apr ± 7 days Black stem borer – 1st adult catch || 283 ± 50 || 137 ± 40 || 6-May ± 3 days European red mite – egg hatch observed || 284 ± 53 || 134 ± 34 || 6-May ± 4 days     Cold Temperature and Frost Risk Picture Table of Critical Spring Temperatures for Tree Fruit Bud Development Stages https://www.canr.msu.edu/resources/picture-table-critical-spring-temperatures-for-tree-fruit-bud-development-stages   Regional Weather Events page for NEWA weather stations, including a map of freeze events on 4/25 and 26. https://newa.cornell.edu/regional-weather-events/ Cornell Statewide Frost Protection webinar held on Friday April 12th recording now available online here: https://youtu.be/TIBEpfb98ws Scouting and Monitoring Resources Video: Apple Insect Targets and IPM Practices (including explanations of Degree Day calculations),  https://youtu.be/NwyBAcvbpUs   NY Tree Fruit Pest Monitoring Network Blog https://blogs.cornell.edu/treefruitpests/ Interested in collaborating and contributing trap capture data? Contact Anna Wallis aew232@cornell.edu Quick Guide for Apple Insect Pests https://help.nysipm.org/hc/en-us/articles/23290226665751-NEWA-Quick-Guide-for-Apple-Insect-Pests Virtual Orchard Scout Training webinar recording on the Cornell IPM YouTube channel https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OtyOWCL1Q2A Apple IPM Intensive Workshop playlist https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLoNb8lODb49vifrm9Tla4GmAVhlIL0527 Northeast Regional Climate Change Monthly Maps https://www.nrcc.cornell.edu/regional/monthly/monthly.html NEWA Help Desk Frequently Asked Questions and Table of Contents. https://help.nysipm.org/hc/en-us/categories/16994462926231-NEWA-Network-for-Environment-and-Weather-Applications https://help.nysipm.org/hc/en-us/sections/17011505301783-Apple-Insect-Disease-and-Crop-Management-Forecasts

    42 min
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Ratings & Reviews

5
out of 5
3 Ratings

About

We release weekly episodes relevant to apple growers for twenty weeks from Late March to Mid August. Dr. Monique Rivera covers entomology pest management topics. Dr. Kerik Cox covers disease forecasting and apple pathology. Dr. Anna Wallis presents a weekly "state of the state" update including degree days, phenology, and insect pest captures. Hosts: Monique Rivera, Kerik Cox, Anna Wallis Post-Production: Monique Rivera, Kelsey Tobin Executive Producer: Monique Rivera Graphic Design: Iron Design Music: Sebastian Robertson

Information

  • Creator
    Scaffolds
  • Years Active
    2023 - 2026
  • Episodes
    75
  • Rating
    Clean
  • Copyright
    © Scaffolds
  • Show Website
    Scaffolds

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